Economic Burden of Fungal Diseases in the United States

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(4)

Опубликована: Март 23, 2022

We conservatively estimated the US economic burden of fungal diseases as $11.5 billion in 2019: direct medical costs ($7.5 billion), productivity loss due to absenteeism ($870 million), and premature deaths ($3.2 billion). An alternative "value statistical life" approach yielded >$48 billion. These are likely underestimates given underdiagnosis underreporting.

Язык: Английский

---

Microalgal bioactive metabolites as promising implements in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals: inspiring therapy for health benefits

Phytochemistry Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(4), С. 903 - 933

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Utility of triazole antifungal therapeutic drug monitoring: Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists

Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(10), С. 1043 - 1050

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023

Abstract Triazole antifungals (i.e., fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole) are commonly used in clinical practice to prevent or treat invasive fungal infections. Most triazole require therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) due highly variable pharmacokinetics, known interactions, established relationships between exposure response. On behalf of the Society Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP), this insight describes pharmacokinetic principles pharmacodynamic targets provides rationale for utility TDM within each agent.

Язык: Английский

---

Increased Deaths From Fungal Infections During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic—National Vital Statistics System, United States, January 2020–December 2021

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 76(3), С. e255 - e262

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated fungal infections cause severe illness, but comprehensive data on burden are lacking. We analyzed US National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) to characterize burden, temporal trends, and demographic characteristics of persons dying during the COVID-19 pandemic.Using NVSS's January 2018-December 2021 Multiple Cause Death Database, we examined numbers age-adjusted rates (per 100 000 population) deaths due infection by pathogen, association, characteristics, year.Numbers increased from (n = 4833; rate, 1.2 [95% confidence interval, 1.2-1.3]) 7199; 1.8 [1.8-1.8] per 000); 13 121 such 2020-2021, 2868 (21.9%) were associated. Compared with non-COVID-19-associated 10 253), COVID-19-associated more frequently involved Candida 776 [27.1%] vs n 2432 [23.7%], respectively) Aspergillus 668 [23.3%] 1486 [14.5%]) less other specific pathogens. Rates death generally highest in nonwhite non-Asian populations. approximately 2 times higher Pacific census division compared most divisions.Deaths 2020-2021 previous years, primarily driven deaths, particularly those involving Candida. Our findings may inform efforts prevent, identify, treat patients COVID-19, especially certain racial/ethnic groups geographic areas.

Язык: Английский

---

Allylamines, Benzylamines, and Fungal Cell Permeability: A Review of Mechanistic Effects and Usefulness against Fungal Pathogens

Membranes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(12), С. 1171 - 1171

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022

Allylamines, naftifine and terbinafine, the benzylamine, butenafine, are antifungal agents with activity on fungal cell membrane. These synthetic compounds specifically inhibit squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in sterol biosynthesis. This results deficiency ergosterol, major membrane that regulates fluidity, biogenesis, functions, whose damage increased permeability leakage of cellular components, ultimately leading to death. With being predominantly made up lipids including sterols, these have vital role pathogenesis infections identification improved therapies. review will focus structure, allylamines benzylamines, mechanistic they cause Furthermore, pharmaceutical preparations clinical uses drugs, mainly dermatophyte infections, be reviewed.

Язык: Английский

---

Pathogenic Drug Resistant Fungi: A Review of Mitigation Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(2), С. 1584 - 1584

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2023

Fungal pathogens cause significant human morbidity and mortality globally, where there is a propensity to infect vulnerable people such as the immunocompromised ones. There increasing evidence of resistance antifungal drugs, which has implications for cutaneous, invasive bloodstream infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) published priority list fungal in October 2022, thus, highlighting that crisis point been reached pressing need address solutions. This review provides timely insight into challenges on topic drug along with discussing effectiveness established disease mitigation modalities approaches. also elucidate cellular molecular mechanisms inform effective decontamination approaches are medical device processing sterilization, but presence pathogenic fungi recalcitrant biofilms can lead challenges, particularly during cleaning. Future design ideas implantable reusable devices should consider materials appropriates disinfection, it relevant, sterilization. Preventing growth mycotoxin-producing foods through use appropriate end-to-end processes advisable, mycotoxins challenging eliminate once they have formed.

Язык: Английский

---

A comprehensive review on potential applications of metallic nanoparticles as antifungal therapies to combat human fungal diseases

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(9), С. 101733 - 101733

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2023

Human pathogenic fungi are responsible for causing a range of infection types including mucosal, skin, and invasive infections. Life-threatening fungal infections (FIs) mortality morbidity, especially individuals with compromised immune function. The number currently available therapeutic agents against FIs is limited compared to that bacterial In addition, the increased morbidity caused by linked antifungal agents, resistance, toxicity these agents. Currently have several drawbacks in efficiency, efficacy, toxicity, activity spectrum, selectivity. It has already been demonstrated numerous metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) can serve as an effective alternative solution fungicidal MNPs great potential owing their intrinsic properties deliver drugs. For instance, gold (AuNPs) capacity disturb mitochondrial calcium homeostasis induced AuNP-mediated cell death Candida albicans. both copper oxide exerted significant suppressive fungi. Silver showed strong fungi, such Stachybotrys chartarum, Mortierella alpina, Chaetomium globosum, A. fumigatus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium brevicompactum, Trichophyton rubrum, C. tropicalis, Iron potent activities niger P. chrysogenum. also reported zinc significantly inhibit growth. These NPs species Candida, Aspergillus, Fusarium, many others. Several strategies used research development chemical modification combination This review comprehensively presented current innovative approach using MNPs. Moreover, different MNPs, physicochemical characteristics, production techniques summarized this review.

Язык: Английский

---

Increased Hospitalizations Involving Fungal Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic, United States, January 2020–December 2021

Emerging infectious diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(7)

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2023

Hospitalizations involving fungal infections increased 8.5% each year in the United States during 2019-2021. During 2020-2021, patients hospitalized with COVID-19-associated had higher (48.5%) in-hospital mortality rates than those non-COVID-19-associated (12.3%). Improved disease surveillance is needed, particularly respiratory virus pandemics.

Язык: Английский

---

Conjugation of antimicrobial peptides to enhance therapeutic efficacy

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 259, С. 115680 - 115680

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Multi-therapeutic potential of flavonoids as an essential component in nutraceuticals for the treatment and management of human diseases

Phytomedicine Plus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(2), С. 100558 - 100558

Опубликована: Март 29, 2024

Diseases are one of the factors affecting human and national development in all its ramifications. Some diseases that affect humans usually difficult to manage or treat using conventional medications. Fortunately, nature provides man with many plants endowed medicinal properties. The properties due presence active metabolites, including flavonoids, have been shown multi-therapeutic Therefore, purpose this study was provide information on potencies flavonoids against diseases. Information within scope sourced from scientific databases such as Google Scholar, African Journals Online, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed, well non-indexed literature. biological function 27 distinct medical conditions—both communicable non-communicable—was documented. way work 10 different cancer types, 4 neglected tropical 14 health conditions clarified. Flavonoids were also hepatoprotective antioxidant Based findings, therapeutic use treatment and/or management a wide range illnesses, asthma, cancer, dementia, diabetes, glaucoma, hepatitis, malaria, several other conditions. provided paper could help direct future research two more an individual.

Язык: Английский

---