Pharmacological, neural, and psychological mechanisms underlying psychedelics: A critical review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 140, С. 104793 - 104793

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2022

This paper provides a critical review of several possible mechanisms at different levels analysis underlying the effects and therapeutic potential psychedelics. At (1) biochemical level, psychedelics primarily affect 5-HT2A receptor, increase neuroplasticity, offer period for social reward learning, have anti-inflammatory properties. (2) neural been associated with reduced efficacy thalamo-cortical filtering, loosening top-down predictive signaling an increased sensitivity to bottom-up prediction errors, activation claustro-cortical-circuit. (3) psychological shown induce altered affective states, they cognition, belief change, exert effects, can result in lasting changes behavior. We outline unifying account contrast this model pluralistic causation. Ultimately, better understanding specific could allow more targeted approach. highlight current challenges psychedelic research provide agenda foster insight causal-mechanistic pathways therapy.

Язык: Английский

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‘Mind-Revealing’ Psychedelic States: Psychological Processes in Subjective Experiences That Drive Positive Change

Psychoactives, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3), С. 411 - 436

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024

This narrative review explores the utilization of psychedelic states in therapeutic contexts, deliberately shifting focus from substances back to experiential phenomena which they induce, alignment with original meaning term “mind-manifesting”. provides an overview various used modern settings and ritualistic indigenous as well non-pharmacological methods that can arguably induce states, including breathwork, meditation, sensory deprivation. While occurrence mystical experiences seems be strongest predictor positive outcomes, literature this field yields several other psychological processes, such awe, perspective shifts, insight, emotional breakthrough, acceptance, re-experiencing memories, certain aspects challenging experiences, are significantly associated change. Additionally, we discuss detail experience-related changes metaphysical self-related beliefs their respective contributions observed outcomes. We conclude a purely medical neurobiological on health is reductive should not overshadow significance phenomenological understanding treating issues manifest subjective realities human individuals.

Язык: Английский

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Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Potential Synergies

Mindfulness, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(9), С. 2111 - 2123

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Abstract Objectives The mindfulness-informed intervention that has so far received the most attention as an adjunct to psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), but little remains known about potential synergies between mindfulness-based interventions such Mindfulness-Based Cognitive (MBCT). This paper examines evaluates therapeutic compatibility of MBCT with psychotherapy, their synergies. Methods study represents a narrative review current literature on MBCT. Results We demonstrate how targets core processes including acceptance, being present, concentration, decentering embracing difficulties — outline why strengthening these capacities systematic meditation training may prove invaluable during preparation, dosing integration phases psychotherapy. Conclusions MBCT’s emphasis in mindfulness fostering nonjudgmental presence aligns well states consciousness induced by psychedelics, highlighting its enhance various stages both psychedelic experience subsequent integration. By equipping individuals effective cognitive restructuring techniques, offer advantages beyond those provided ACT, ability skillfully navigate manage challenging experiences can emerge different suggests unique approach complement ways ACT not fully address, particularly context handling experiences.

Язык: Английский

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The routes of a plant: ayahuasca and the global networks of Santo Daime

Social & Cultural Geography, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 18(2), С. 137 - 157

Опубликована: Март 31, 2016

This paper examines the Santo Daime religion, Amazonian town of Céu do Mapiá which is one its primary spiritual centres, and Ayahuasca, a key sacrament religion. The small village in Amazon demonstrates active outreach by place functions as nexus international intercontinental flows substances, bodies meanings. power entwined with story religious belief practice, turn depends on tropical vine, Banisteriopsis caapi. In this networking process, we find confluence human agency more-than-human agency, well modalities experience, crossing dwelling. It demonstrated that can be understood terms three forms (terrestrial, corporeal cosmic) held together (Mapiá other subsidiary centres). addition, aspects 'ayahuasca network' are treated depth: diffusion adaptation, interaction environmental movements ideologies contestation legal structures processes surrounding drug traffic use psychoactive substances.

Язык: Английский

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Introduction to Deleuze and Guattari and the Psychedelic Revival

Deleuze and Guattari Studies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(4), С. 457 - 466

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Psychedelic Aesthetics and the Body without Organs at the Limits of Perception

Deleuze and Guattari Studies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(4), С. 583 - 603

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023

This article focuses on the aesthetics of psychedelic experience. Aldous Huxley’s Doors Perception remains one few studies that investigates aesthetic dimension experience as profoundly meaningful such, because it gives direct attention to nonhuman otherness universe is hard describe in words, but can be felt and sensed. Similarly, Deleuze Guattari have investigated psychedelics a perceptual, aesthetic, phenomenon. They argue offers an at limits perception point ultimate abstraction geometric figures grains. Drawing upon works two experimental filmmakers from different generations backgrounds, Philippe Garrel’s enigmatic Le Révélateur ( The Revealer, 1968 ) Morgan Quaintance’s thought-provoking Surviving You, Always (2021), borders perceptual field by cinematographic means will investigated. These are exemplary how camera, its ‘bodies without organs’, affective intensity evoke psychedelic, mind-revealing, ethics – Deleuze’s words ‘becoming not unworthy event’.

Язык: Английский

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Psychedelics: Recent Philosophical Discussions

Springer eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 24

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Responding to existential distress at the end of life: Psychedelics and psychedelic experiences and/ as medicine

Neuroethics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(3)

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2024

Abstract This essay engages with the (re)emergence of psychedelic medicine and idea psychedelics drugs experiences they induce as a developing therapeutic modality. It does so in context provision to terminally ill patients experiencing existential distress approach end their lives. Reflecting on such suggestions facilitates an examination specific aspect and/ (or palliative care), namely questions meaning meaninglessness. Understood impacting one’s ability make or realise life, commonly entails degree demoralisation. In some cases, individuals can be thought inhabiting (and being inhabited by) sense contrast, seem are often imbued great deal meaning, which seems continue long after psychoactive effects have ceased. Whilst briefly considering whether not properly matter for healthcare medical concern, this paper seeks highlight implications that advent might have. By way conclusion, I enjoin bioethics recognising itself meaningful cultural discourse is implicated future(s) medicine, human.

Язык: Английский

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The phenomenology of psychedelic temporality: current knowledge, open questions, and clinical applications

Philosophical Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 28

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2024

Current evidence suggests that the efficacy of psychedelic therapy depends, in part, on character experiences themselves. One pronounced aspect is alterations to experience time, including reports timelessness or transcending time. However, how we should interpret such remains unclear, and this lack clarity has philosophical clinical implications. For instance, "true" may be considered antithetical having any at all, descriptions involving "timelessness" are known diverse varying significance. In article, utilize a phenomenological approach study temporality highlight ambiguities current constructs used assess experiences. doing so, advance some preliminary accounts therapy's mechanisms action, as acting kind counterpoint for depressive temporality. We conclude by outlining dedicated research program can provide nuanced map temporality, guiding future manner addresses both ambiguities.

Язык: Английский

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Experiencing timelessness and the phenomenology of temporal flow

Philosophical Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 30

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

Our conscious experience seemingly involves the subjective sense or feeling of passage time. However, in recent years, several authors have denied that such an aspect feature can be found. If flow time exists, it remains elusive and intangible. My aim here is to try pin down. For this purpose, I will investigate acute disturbances normal temporal accompany deep meditative psychedelic states. argue these experiences altered temporality provide phenomenal contrast cases ordinary phenomenology, allowing us establish existence latter making amenable theorizing.

Язык: Английский

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