Ageing red deer alter their spatial behaviour and become less social

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(8), С. 1231 - 1238

Опубликована: Июль 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Within-individual changes reveal increasing social selectivity with age in rhesus macaques

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(49)

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2022

Accumulating evidence in humans and other mammals suggests older individuals tend to have smaller social networks. Uncovering the cause of these declines can inform how changes relationships with age affect health fitness later life. While age-based networks been thought be detrimental, physical physiological limitations associated may lead adjust their behavior more selective partner choice. Greater selectivity has shown humans, but extent which this phenomenon occurs across animal kingdom remains an open question. Using longitudinal data from a population rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago, we provide compelling nonhuman for within-individual increases age. Our analyses revealed that adult female actively reduced size as they aged focused partners previously linked benefits, including kin whom were strongly consistently connected earlier Females spent similar amounts time socializing aged, suggesting network shrinkage does not result lack motivation or ability engage, nor was narrowing driven by deaths partners. Furthermore, females remained attractive companions isolated withdrawal Taken together, our results rare empirical nonhumans, patterns increasing deeply rooted primate evolution.

Язык: Английский

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The interacting partner as the immediate environment: Personality, interpersonal dynamics, and bodily synchronization

Journal of Personality, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 92(1), С. 180 - 201

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2023

Abstract Objective In social interactions, humans tend to naturally synchronize their body movements. We investigated interpersonal synchronization in conversations and examined its relationship with personality differences post‐interaction appraisals. Method a 15‐minute semi‐structured conversation, 56 previously‐unfamiliar dyads introduced themselves, followed by self‐disclosing argumentative conversations. Their bodily movements were video‐recorded standardized room (112 young adults, aged 18–33, mean = 20.54, SD 2.74; 58% Dutch, 31% German, 11% other). Interpersonal was estimated as (a) strength using Windowed Lagged Cross‐Correlations (b) Dynamic Organization (Determinism/Entropy/Laminarity/Mean Line) Cross‐Recurrence Quantification Analysis. Bodily associated Agreeableness Extraversion (IPIP‐NEO‐120) post‐conversational appraisals (affect/closeness/enjoyment) mixed‐effect models. Results Agreeable participants exhibited higher complexity dynamics (higher Entropy) than disagreeable individuals, who also reported more negative affect afterward. stronger among extroverts introverts appraised positive enjoyable. dynamic organization related the type of conversation (self‐disclosing/argumentative). Conclusions intimately connected Extraversion, varied across situations, these parameters affected how pleasant, close, enjoyable each felt.

Язык: Английский

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Divergent age-related changes in parasite infection occur independently of behaviour and demography in a wild ungulate

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1916)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

As animals age, they exhibit a suite of phenotypic changes, often including reductions in movement and social behaviour (‘behavioural ageing’). By altering an individual’s exposure to parasites, behavioural ageing may influence infection status trajectories over the lifespan. However, these processes could be confounded by age-related changes other traits, or selective disappearance certain individuals owing parasite-induced mortality. Here, we uncover contrasting patterns across three helminth parasites wild adult female red deer ( Cervus elaphus ). Counts strongyle nematodes (order: Strongylida) increased with while counts liver fluke Fasciola hepatica ) tissue worm Elaphostrongylus cervi decreased, lungworm Dictyocaulus did not change. These relationships explained socio-spatial behaviours, spatial structuring, disappearance, suggesting is unlikely responsible for driving age trends. Instead, connectedness were positively correlated, such that direct age–infection trends directly contrasted effects implied previously documented ageing. This suggests reduce parasite exposure, potentially countering changes. findings demonstrate different can show depending on diverse intrinsic extrinsic factors, behaviour’s role likely complex multidirectional. article part discussion meeting issue ‘Understanding society using natural populations’.

Язык: Английский

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Social ageing and higher-order interactions: social selectiveness can enhance older individuals’ capacity to transmit knowledge

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1916)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

In long-lived organisms, experience can accumulate with age, such that older individuals may act as repositories of ecological and social knowledge. Such knowledge is often beneficial spread via transmission, leading to the expectation ageing will remain socially well-integrated. However, involves multiple processes modulate relationship between age connectivity in complex ways. We developed a generative model explore how drive changes network position shape individuals’ capacity transmit others. further employ novel hypernetwork analyses capture higher-order interactions (i.e. involving ≥ 3 participants) reveal potential relationships sociality conventional dyadic networks overlook. find our simulations effectively facilitate transmission across range scenarios, especially when resembles contagion or selectivity prioritization key relationships) rapidly emerges age. These patterns result from formation tight-knit sets associates co-occur groups, thereby reinforcing one another’s Our findings suggest avenues for future empirical work illustrate use hypernetworks advancing study behaviour. This article part discussion meeting issue ‘Understanding society using natural populations’.

Язык: Английский

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Sex-specific social aging in wild African lions

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(17), С. 4039 - 4046.e2

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

There is a growing interest in social behavior change with age,

Язык: Английский

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Social ageing can protect against infectious disease in a group-living primate

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1916)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

The benefits of social living are well established, but sociality also comes with costs, including infectious disease risk. This cost-benefit ratio is expected to change across individuals' lifespans, which may drive changes in behaviour age. To explore this idea, we combine data from a group-living primate for ageing has been described epidemiological models show that having lower connectedness when older can protect against the costs hypothetical, directly transmitted endemic pathogen. Assuming no age differences characteristics (susceptibility to, severity and duration infection), individuals suffered infection was explained largely because they were less connected their networks than younger individuals. benefit 'social ageing' depended on greatest increased When age, beneficial only pathogen transmissibility low. Older benefited most frequency interactions (strength) network embeddedness (closeness) fewer partners (degree). Our study provides first examination epidemiology ageing, demonstrating potential pathogens influence evolutionary dynamics natural populations.This article part discussion meeting issue 'Understanding society using populations'.

Язык: Английский

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Linking energy availability, movement and sociality in a wild primate ( Papio ursinus )

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1916)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

Proximate mechanisms of ‘social ageing’, i.e. shifts in social activity and narrowing networks, are understudied. It is proposed that energetic deficiencies (which often seen older individuals) may restrict movement and, turn, sociality, but empirical tests these intermediary lacking. Here, we study wild chacma baboons ( Papio ursinus ), combining measures faecal triiodothyronine (fT3), a non-invasive proxy for energy availability, high-resolution GPS data (movement proximity) accelerometry (social grooming durations). Higher (individual mean-centred) fT3 was associated with increased residency time (i.e. remaining the same area longer), which, positively related to opportunities close physical proximity). Individuals more frequent received grooming, whereas given, moderated this effect, suggesting an cost giving grooming. While our results support spirit hypothesis, directionality relationship between availability unexpected suggests lower-energy individuals use strategies reduce costs intermittent locomotion. Thus, future work should consider whether age-related declines sociality be by-product strategy conserve energy. This article part discussion meeting issue ‘Understanding age society using natural populations’.

Язык: Английский

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The ecology of ageing in wild societies: linking age structure and social behaviour

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1916)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

The age of individuals has consequences not only for their fitness and behaviour but also the functioning groups they form. Because social often changes with age, population structure is expected to shape organization, environments experience operation processes within populations. Although research explored in individual particularly controlled settings, there limited understanding how governs sociality wild Here, we synthesize previous into age-related effects on natural populations, discuss links between structure, ecology, specifically focusing might influence functioning. We highlight potential using empirical data from populations combination network approaches uncover pathways linking ageing, societal broader implications these insights impacts anthropogenic animal demography building a deeper ageing general. This article part discussion meeting issue ‘Understanding society populations’.

Язык: Английский

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Ageing in a collective: the impact of ageing individuals on social network structure

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1874)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023

Ageing affects many phenotypic traits, but its consequences for social behaviour have only recently become apparent. Social networks emerge from associations between individuals. The changes in sociality that occur as individuals get older are thus likely to impact network structure, yet this remains unstudied. Here we use empirical data free-ranging rhesus macaques and an agent-based model test how age-based feed up influence: (i) individual's level of indirect connectedness their (ii) overall patterns structure. Our analyses revealed female became less indirectly connected they aged some, not all measures examined. This suggests connectivity is affected by ageing, ageing animals can remain well integrated some contexts. Surprisingly, did find evidence a relationship age distribution the structure macaque networks. We used gain further understanding link differences global under which circumstances effects may be detectable. Overall, our results suggest potentially important underappreciated role function animal collectives, warrants investigation. article part discussion meeting issue ‘Collective through time’.

Язык: Английский

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