Salty secrets of Halobacterium salinarum AD88: a new archaeal ecotype isolated from Cuatro Cienegas Basin

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025

The Cuatro Cienegas Basin (CCB) in Mexico, represents a unique ecological habitat, characterized by extreme and fluctuating conditions, providing window into ancient evolutionary processes. This basin, hypersalinity phosphorus scarcity, harbors diverse microbial communities that exhibit remarkable adaptations to oligotrophic conditions. Among these, Halobacterium salinarum, halophilic archaeon known for its polyploid genome metabolic versatility, has been extensively studied as model extremophile survival. However, only limited number of H. salinarum strains have successfully cultured date. Here, we report the isolation genomic analysis novel strain, AD88, from mats at Archaean Domes site CCB. strain displays features, including smaller plasmid sizes distinctive pathways sulfur utilization. Comparative analyses with other revealed genetic innovations, such genes involved sulfolipid biosynthesis, enabling membrane stability phosphorus-depleted environments, horizontal gene transfer, which facilitate flexibility response environmental pressures. study reveals AD88 is first recorded diploid Halobacterium, feature previously undocumented this genus. Phylogenomic reconstruction positioned tightly within clade, reflecting history Pangenome further highlighted open nature genus, contributing accessory linked specialization. These findings emphasize significance CCB natural laboratory studying adaptation expand our understanding archaeal diversity functional innovation under

Язык: Английский

Microbial community shifts during salt mitigation treatments of historic buildings using mineral poultices: a long-term monitoring of salt and associated biofilms

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Май 22, 2025

Increased heavy rainfall followed by periods of drought due to climate change is leading more frequent salt-crystallization cycles. This not only leads increased salt-weathering on architectural surfaces cultural heritage monuments, but also creates an ideal ecological niche for the formation biofilms salt-loving microorganisms. These biofilms, characterized a distinctive pink coloration, cause additional esthetic alterations affected surfaces. In this study, mineral poultices prepared with different clay minerals (sepiolite, kaolinite and vermiculite) were developed tested long-term (1 year) application salt-weathered surfaces, thus contributing their preservation. The two historic buildings: St. Virgil's Chapel in Vienna Mauerbach Charterhouse Lower Austria, both showing salt efflorescence uniform biofilm. First, evaluate retention capacity, resistance processability. properties examined measuring content throughout treatment using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) continuous flow analysis (CFA). Salt was measured wall before after treatment. Second, effect desalination treatments salt-associated evaluated. shifts within biofilm communities during monitored qPCR long-read archaeal- bacterial-16S rRNA amplicon Nanopore sequencing technology. results demonstrate that selected composition treated areas significantly influenced storage capacity weathering. Fluctuations load ionic composition, bacterial proving sensitive than archaea these changes. Both metataxonomic show effects colonizing depend microbial members, external abiotic factors such as chemical concentration mixtures addition, biodiversity shows be differently depending used.

Язык: Английский

Halobacterium yunchengense sp. nov., Natronomonas amylolytica sp. nov., Halorientalis halophila sp. nov., Halobellus salinisoli sp. nov., halophilic archaea isolated from a saline lake and inland saline soil

Extremophiles, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 28(2)

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024

Язык: Английский