Advancing our understanding of plant diversity-biological invasion relationships using imaging spectroscopy

Remote Sensing of Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 304, С. 114028 - 114028

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Invasive plants can alter ecosystem composition, structure and function, which in turn may have significant impacts on plant diversity. Although the of biological invasions diversity been studied previous literature, results inconsistent occasionally counterintuitive. The crux matter is that most these studies fine- or local-scale experiments. But ecological inferences made at local scales are not usually generalizable to broad spatial scales, highlighting critical need for large-scale studies. Remote sensing one few viable means achieve this goal due its unique capability map scales. Particularly, imaging spectroscopy hyperspectral – measures reflected light from Earth surface many narrow, contiguous spectral bands ranging visible shortwave infrared capture several key characteristics related biodiversity with high level accuracy. Here, we used situ observations determine association between a naturally-assembled grassland subject common management practices, such as prescribed fire. We focused Lespedeza cuneata (hereafter L. cuneata), an invasive legume grasslands U.S. Southern Great Plains. airborne data along estimate functional traits calculate using Rao's Q index. then assessed associations invasion generalized additive models across different here, referring dimensions sampling plot, pixel size 30 m × 250 plots distributed 67 km2 study area. Three main findings emerged our analyses. First, obtained showed invasion, general, did affect taxonomic when expressed first three Hill numbers, including species richness, exponential Shannon entropy index, inverse Simpson concentration Second, remote analyses suggested that, unlike diversity, was significantly affected by but always linear. linear positive low rates (L. percent cover 0–25%) plateaued moderate 25–35%). Third, scale-dependent, it also influenced time-since-fire. Overall, experiment reveals while introduction minimally impact be significant, therefore should neglected. Quantifying large extents based solely field surveys daunting task; served showcase how transform understanding biodiversity-biological linkages ways previously possible achievable.

Язык: Английский

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Emotional states elicited by wolf videos are diverse and explain general attitudes towards wolves

People and Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(3), С. 1288 - 1302

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

Abstract Emotions are short, intuitive mental processes that important components of people's cognitions. They can influence attitudes (i.e. positive or negative evaluations objects), and they involved in decision‐making processes. In the context human‐wildlife coexistence, mostly emotional dispositions have been studied decontextualized, stable tendencies to react a certain way towards wildlife), contrast states quick reactions elicited specific contexts), which overlooked. This limits our understanding role diversity shaping wildlife species. Here, we quantified by context‐specific wolf encounters featured set YouTube videos. We conducted social survey rural populations 24 randomly selected cities France ( n = 795) (i) quantify (ii) test relationship between wolves, accounting for individual regional factors. found were most expressed across six contexts encounter surprise, interest fear, this order. Emotional was highly context‐specific, with significantly different identity, dispersion extremization encounters. Most variance explained factors alone (28%) best model including all three groups predictors (emotional, factors) 57% variance. The strongest effects on those anger joy. Fear had only half effect joy attitudes. Synthesis applications : Our results highlight importance context‐specificity human‐carnivore coexistence. Complementary previous studies focusing single emotions decontextualized dispositions, quantifying diverse, context‐dependent be helpful improve ways: address relevant triggering anger, is feeling rooted perceived injustice, reduce biases involving fear carnivores given extremely low probability risks human life (iii) promote like better reflect costs benefits sharing landscapes large carnivores. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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A trait database and updated checklist for European subterranean spiders

Scientific Data, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Май 26, 2022

Abstract Species traits are an essential currency in ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology. However, trait databases unavailable for most organisms, especially those living difficult-to-access habitats such as caves other subterranean ecosystems. We compiled expert-curated database spiders Europe using both literature data (including grey published many different languages) direct morphological measurements whenever specimens were available to us. started by updating the checklist of European spiders, now including 512 species across 20 families, which at least 192 have been found uniquely habitats. For each these species, we 64 traits. The encompasses measures, several related adaptation, ecological referring habitat preference, dispersal, feeding strategies. By making freely available, open up opportunities exploring research questions, from quantification functional dimensions adaptation study spatial patterns diversity caves.

Язык: Английский

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A framework to apply trait‐based ecological restoration at large scales

Journal of Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 60(8), С. 1562 - 1571

Опубликована: Май 30, 2023

Abstract Upscaling trait‐based restoration to regional levels is necessary as we enter the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. For this, need select species that achieve functional targets considering pool. Here, present a framework multiple using pool containing available market, unavailable, and occur in reference ecosystems. The enables optimising diversity (FD), recovering FD composition ecosystems, reducing cost increasing restoration. Additionally, our allows detection of functionally relevant are unavailable for market. We illustrate with data set Brazilian savanna tree communities. It was not possible optimise To this target, it would be use from However, market obtain communities resistant fire restore similar or greater than those observed Synthesis applications . Our selects large‐scale initiatives. shows range solutions can achieved That practitioner verify if parameters truly optimised which should added collected wild targets. also how different selected avoiding unintentional creation novel

Язык: Английский

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Use of trait concepts and terminology in freshwater ecology: Historic, current, and future perspectives

Freshwater Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 69(4), С. 477 - 495

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024

Abstract Trait‐based approaches have received increasing interest among freshwater scientists given their capacity to predict community structure and biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning. However, the inconsistent development use of trait concepts terms across scientific disciplines may limited realisation potential traits. Here, we reviewed definitions provide recommendations for consistent application in science. To do so, first literature identify established definitions, historical current challenges restricting trait‐based Next, surveyed 414 researchers from 54 countries assess variability terminology relation respondent characteristics (i.e., professional experience, geographical region, research discipline, focal ecosystem, biotic group, function). Our review identified two well‐established which emphasise individual phenotypic that influence either eco‐evolutionary aspects organism performance fitness) or dynamics processes responses environment and/or functioning). Publications used a range trait‐related frequency varied fields. The term functional dominated fields such as conservation, environmental sciences ecology, plant microbiology. In contrast, biological , species were with similar frequencies entomology, fisheries, marine biology, zoology. We also found are difficult apply unicellular organisms, colonial multicellular genomic information, cultural survey revealed highly researchers. Terms including structural measure function commonly describe same traits functions. Variability was generally explained by group propose making concept flexible enough be applicable all biota characteristics, while keeping integrating links aspects. Specifically, our new definition expands considering supra‐individual scales measurement (colonial‐ community‐mean traits), genotypic (e.g., gene markers enzymes) feeding behaviours, communication skills). reduce terminological ambiguity, recommend define terms, prioritising an overarching over alternative ), specific morphological ) situations precision is desirable. findings integrative study could help improve consistency better recognise elucidate mechanisms behind ecological patterns.

Язык: Английский

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