Motivated reasoning and scientific racism in compulsion theory of human addiction: Methodological framework to promote social justice DOI Creative Commons
Lee Hogarth

Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(8)

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Heinz et al. (2024) recently criticised habit/compulsion theory of human addiction but nevertheless concluded that 'habit formation plays a significant role in drug addiction'. To challenge this causal claim, the current article develops four further methodological criticisms, publications supporting account addiction: (1) under-report contradictory observations; (2) exaggerate process purity positive (3) under-emphasise low quality epidemiological support for hypothesis; (4) recapitulate social injustice racial intelligence era by prematurely attributing lower task performance to user group membership (endophenotype) without having adequately tested social, psychological, economic and environmental inequalities. Methodological guidelines are recommended address each concern, which should raise evidence standards, incorporate justice improve accuracy estimating any specific effect history on performance. Given construing users as intellectually impaired could promote stigma reduce their recovery potential, it is scientific discourse about habit/compulsive endophenotypes underpinning avoided until these higher standards met.

Язык: Английский

The ReCoDe addiction research consortium: Losing and regaining control over drug intake—Findings and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Rainer Spanagel, Patrick Bach, Tobias Banaschewski

и другие.

Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Substance use disorders (SUDs) are seen as a continuum ranging from goal‐directed and hedonic drug to loss of control over intake with aversive consequences for mental physical health social functioning. The main goals our interdisciplinary German collaborative research centre on Losing Regaining Control Drug Intake (ReCoDe) (i) study triggers (drug cues, stressors, priming) modifying factors (age, gender, activity, cognitive functions, childhood adversity, factors, such loneliness contact/interaction) that longitudinally modulate the trajectories losing regaining consumption under real‐life conditions. (ii) To underlying behavioural, neurobiological mechanisms disease drug‐related behaviours (iii) provide non‐invasive mechanism‐based interventions. These achieved by: (A) using innovative mHealth (mobile health) tools monitor effects patterns in real life cohort 900 patients alcohol disorder. This approach will be complemented by animal models addiction 24/7 automated behavioural monitoring across an entire trajectory; i.e. naïve state drug‐taking or resilience‐like state. (B) identification and, if applicable, computational modelling key molecular, psychological (e.g., reduced flexibility) mediating trajectories. (C) Developing testing interventions Just‐In‐Time‐Adaptive‐Interventions (JITAIs), various brain stimulations (NIBS), individualized activity) specifically target intake. Here, we report most important results first funding period outline future strategy.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13

Does compulsion explain addiction? DOI Creative Commons
Andreas Heinz, Stefan Gutwinski, Nadja S. Bahr

и другие.

Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract One of the leading drug addiction theories states that habits and underlying neural process a ventral to dorsal striatal shift are building blocks compulsive drug‐seeking behaviour compulsion is maladaptive persistence responding despite adverse consequences. Here we discuss as defined primarily from perspective animal experimentation falls short clinical phenomena their neurobiological correlates. Thus for human condition, concept should be critically addressed potentially revised.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5

The multiple faces of footshock punishment in animal research on addiction DOI Creative Commons
Michel Engeln, Serge H. Ahmed

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 213, С. 107955 - 107955

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

Continued drug use despite negative consequences is a hallmark of addiction commonly modelled in rodents using punished intake. Over the years, research highlighted two subpopulations punishment sensitive and resistant animals. While helpful to interrogate neurobiology drug-related behaviors, these procedures carry some weaknesses that need be recognized eventually defused. Mainly focusing on footshock-related work, we will first discuss criteria used define punishment-resistant animals how their relative arbitrariness may impact our findings. With overarching goal improving interpretation phenotype, evaluate tailored protocols better apprehend resistance punishment, testing robustness could yield new results strengthen interpretations. Second, question whether what extent sensitivity, as currently defined, reflective abstinence suggest is, fact, prerequisite model from addiction. Again, examine challenging punishment-sensitive phenotype help characterize it. Finally, diminished relapse-like behavior after repeated punishment-induced not only contribute understand mechanisms abstinence, but also uniquely progressive recovery (i.e., failed attempts at recovery) which norm people with Altogether, by questioning strengths models, would like open discussions different ways interpret sensitivity aspects remain explored.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3

Generative Artificial intelligence Addiction Syndrome: A New Behavioral Disorder? DOI
Chokri Kooli,

Youssef Kooli,

Eya Kooli

и другие.

Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104476 - 104476

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Motivated reasoning and scientific racism in compulsion theory of human addiction: Methodological framework to promote social justice DOI Creative Commons
Lee Hogarth

Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(8)

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Heinz et al. (2024) recently criticised habit/compulsion theory of human addiction but nevertheless concluded that 'habit formation plays a significant role in drug addiction'. To challenge this causal claim, the current article develops four further methodological criticisms, publications supporting account addiction: (1) under-report contradictory observations; (2) exaggerate process purity positive (3) under-emphasise low quality epidemiological support for hypothesis; (4) recapitulate social injustice racial intelligence era by prematurely attributing lower task performance to user group membership (endophenotype) without having adequately tested social, psychological, economic and environmental inequalities. Methodological guidelines are recommended address each concern, which should raise evidence standards, incorporate justice improve accuracy estimating any specific effect history on performance. Given construing users as intellectually impaired could promote stigma reduce their recovery potential, it is scientific discourse about habit/compulsive endophenotypes underpinning avoided until these higher standards met.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2