The associations between prenatal cannabis use disorder and neonatal outcomes

Addiction, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 116(11), С. 3069 - 3079

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2021

Abstract Background and Aims Cannabis use disorder (CUD) during pregnancy has increased dramatically in the United States (US). This study examined associations between prenatal CUD adverse neonatal outcomes heterogeneities by mothers’ tobacco status race/ethnicity. Design Population‐based, retrospective cohort study. Setting California, USA. Participants A total of 4.83 million mothers who delivered a live singleton birth 2001 to 2012 their paired infants. Data were obtained from mother–infant linked hospital discharge records death certificates. Identified ICD‐9 codes recorded at delivery, 20 237 had CUD. Measurements Neonatal included length gestation, preterm birth, weight, admission into intensive care unit, hospitalization within 1 year birth. Propensity score matching was used balance maternal, paternal, infant characteristics comparisons infants exposed unexposed Findings 2.8 6.9 per 1000 deliveries 2012. Multivariable regressions matched samples estimated that associated with greater odds being small for gestational age (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.08, 1.18), 1.06, 1.01, 1.12), low weight 1.07, 1.20), 1.35, 1.12, 1.62). Compared whose non‐users, users hospitalization, association non‐Hispanic White, Hispanic Black Conclusion Prenatal cannabis appears be escalated major outcomes,

Язык: Английский

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Relationships of Cannabis Policy Liberalization With Alcohol Use and Co-Use With Cannabis: A Narrative Review

Alcohol research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 41(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

The liberalization of cannabis policies has the potential to affect use other substances and harms from using them, particularly alcohol. Although a previous review this literature found conflicting results regarding relationship between policy alcohol-related outcomes, have continued evolve rapidly in years since that review.The authors conducted narrative studies published January 1, 2015, December 31, 2020, assessed effects on alcohol United States or Canada.The initial search identified 3,446 unique monographs. Of these, 23 met all inclusion criteria were included review, five captured simultaneous concurrent cannabis.Associations use, co-use inconclusive, with finding positive associations, no negative associations. several was associated decreases measures, these same showed impact itself. lack consistent association robust subject age, outcome measure (e.g., medical utilization, driving), type policy; however, may be due small number for each outcome. This paper discusses notable limitations evidence base offers suggestions improving consistency comparability research going forward, including stronger classification policy, measures environment, verification consideration mediation effects.

Язык: Английский

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Causal effects of cannabis legalization on parents, parenting, and children: A systematic review

Preventive Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 156, С. 106956 - 106956

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Prenatal cannabis exposure and the risk for neuropsychiatric anomalies in the offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 231(6), С. 574 - 588.e8

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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<p>Perceived Risk of Weekly Cannabis Use, Past 30-Day Cannabis Use, and Frequency of Cannabis Use Among Pregnant Women in the United States</p>

International Journal of Women s Health, Год журнала: 2020, Номер Volume 12, С. 1075 - 1088

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020

Background: While accumulated evidence has shown that the prevalence of cannabis use among pregnant women in US increased recent years, little is known about specific subpopulations affected. The aim this study was to estimate and correlates perceived risk weekly use, past 30-day frequency women. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,247 14 44 years age surveyed 2015 2017 cross-sectional National Survey on Drug Use Health. Analyses account for sampling design. Primary outcomes included use. conducted multivariable logistic negative binomial regression models assess associations between primary multiple correlates. Results: Among women, 21.6% (95% CI=19.4, 23.8) did not perceive any associated with 5.3% CI=4.2, 6.5) used 30 days, past-month users, average number days 15.6 CI=13.5, 17.7). Pregnant living below poverty line were both more likely no (aOR=1.8; 95% CI=1.3, 2.5) often (aOR=2.9; CI=1.5, 5.7) than within an income bracket two times federal threshold. Age, race, trimester pregnancy, co-use tobacco and/or alcohol also these outcomes. Conclusion: Younger age, poverty, early odds As legalization spreads increasingly as safe, there a growing need research determine reasons why identified at-risk subgroups are using during pregnancy. Keywords: marijuana, cannabis, risk, prenatal exposure

Язык: Английский

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Supportive alcohol policy as a key element of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder prevention

Women s Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19, С. 174550572311518 - 174550572311518

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

In Canada, a Four-Part Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) Prevention has been developed that describes continuum multi-sectoral efforts, including broad awareness campaigns, safe and respectful conversations around pregnancy alcohol use, holistic wraparound support services for pregnant postpartum women with alcohol, other health social concerns. Supportive policy is at the centre four mutually reinforcing levels prevention. The purpose this narrative review to describe policies related specific FASD prevention, consider implications on prevention women’s fetal health. majority evidence focused in guidelines, warning labels, knowledge uptake national or regional guidelines. Several US studies described shifts over 7-year period, moves punitive approaches criminalize substance use prompt child apprehension. This indicates more attention could be paid role promoting health, actions advocacy important catalysts both promotion. Moving forward, it essential are rooted evidence; attend promote during pregnancy; collaborative order higher standard care, holistically respond factors contribute pregnancy.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of marijuana use in pregnant women with concurrent opioid use disorder or alcohol use in pregnancy

Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2022

Abstract Background A quarter of pregnant women use alcohol, 6.5/1000 deliveries are affected by opioid disorder (OUD), and the prevalence cannabis in is increasing. However, marijuana co-exposure polysubstance-using not well described. Methods The well-characterized ENRICH-1 cohort (n = 251), which focused on effects two primary exposures interest—opioids was used to (1) estimate prevalence/frequency those with OUD and/or alcohol use, (2) examined correlates use. Participants were classified into an group 125), Alcohol 69), concurrent (OUD + Alcohol) 57). Self-report biomarkers ascertained substance Multivariable logistic regression identified Results any pregnancy 43.2%, 52.6%, 46.4% OUD, Alcohol, groups, respectively. Correspondingly, weekly or daily reported 19.4%, 21.0%, 24.6% participants. In proportion using significantly higher taking buprenorphine (45.8% 58.3%, respectively) compared methadone (37.5% 42.9%, respectively). Mean maternal age lower who all three groups non-marijuana users. Independent (controlling for group, race/ethnicity, education, smoking) (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) per 5-year increment 0.61; (95% CI 0.47, 0.79)), polysubstance (aOR 2.02; 95% 1.11, 3.67). There a significant interaction between partnership status group: among partnership, had odds relative group. For partnered than un-partnered 0.12; CI: 0.02, 0.68). Conclusions indicate relatively high frequency being treated consuming while pregnant. These results highlight need ongoing risk reduction strategies addressing receiving treatment exposure.

Язык: Английский

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Illegal drug market responses to state recreational cannabis laws

Addiction, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 116(12), С. 3433 - 3443

Опубликована: Май 17, 2021

Abstract Background and Aims In the United States, 15 states District of Columbia have implemented recreational cannabis laws (RCLs) legalizing use. We aimed to estimate association between RCLs street prices, potency, quality law enforcement seizures illegal cannabis, methamphetamine, cocaine, heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, morphine, amphetamine alprazolam. Design pooled crowdsourced data from 2010–19 Price Weed StreetRx, administrative 2006–19 System Retrieve Information Drug Evidence (STRIDE) 2007–19 National Forensic Laboratory (NFLIS). employed a difference‐in‐differences design that exploited staggered implementation compare changes in outcomes RCL non‐RCL states. Setting cases Eleven 40 US Measures The primary outcome was natural log prices per gram, overall by self‐reported quality. policy an indicator implementation, defined using effective dates. Findings price decreased 9.2% [β = −0.092; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.15–, –0.03] after with largest declines among low‐quality purchases (β −0.195; CI –0.282, –0.108). were accompanied 93% −0.93; –1.51, –0.36) reduction Among opioids, including oxycodone increased Conclusions Recreational appear be associated drug market responses those states, reductions cannabis. Changes opioids analyzed may suggest markets for other drugs are not independent legal regulation.

Язык: Английский

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Association of Comorbid Behavioral and Medical Conditions With Cannabis Use Disorder in Pregnancy

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 79(1), С. 50 - 50

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2021

Prenatal cannabis use continues to increase, yet studies of the demographic, psychiatric, and medical characteristics associated with in pregnancy are limited by size self-report, often do not consider disorder (CUD) or concomitant substance disorders (SUDs). Understanding factors CUD is paramount for designing targeted interventions.To examine prevalence co-occurring psychiatric conditions US pregnant individuals hospitalized without SUDs.The study analyzed restricted hospital discharge data from 2010 2018 Healthcare Cost Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases 35 states. Data were January August 2021. Weighted linear regressions tested whether differed between a diagnosis at hospitalization. hospitalizations patients aged 15 44 years identified. Pregnant identified comparison. Patients further stratified based on SUD patterns: (1) other SUDs, including least 1 controlled substance; (2) excluding substances; (3) no SUDs.CUD pregnancy.Prevalence demographic characteristics, (eg, depression anxiety), epilepsy vomiting).The sample included 20 914 591 who pregnant. The mean (SD) age was 28.24 (5.85) years. Of total number hospitalizations, 249 084 (1.19%) involved 665 507 (98.81%) did not. proportion prenatal involving increased 0.008 0.02 2018. Analyses showed significant differences almost every outcome examined diagnoses, regardless SUDs. Elevations seen (0.089; 95% CI, 0.083-0.095), anxiety (0.072; 0.066-0.076), nausea (0.036; 0.033-0.040]) among only hospitalization compared SUDs hospitalization.Considerable growth observed diagnoses prenatally depression, anxiety, nausea, This highlights need more screening, prevention, treatment, particularly populations disorders. Research determinants outcomes during needed guide clinicians, policy makers, making informed decisions.

Язык: Английский

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Treatment outcomes among pregnant women with cannabis use disorder

Addictive Behaviors, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 144, С. 107723 - 107723

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

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