Lifetime prevalence of questionable health behaviors and their psychological roots: A preregistered nationally representative survey DOI Creative Commons
Goran Knežević, Marija Petrović, Milica Ninković

и другие.

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(11), С. e0313173 - e0313173

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024

A growing body of evidence suggests that questionable health behaviors- not following medical recommendations and resorting to non-evidence based treatments—are more frequent than previously thought, they seem have strong psychological roots. We thus aimed to: 1) document the lifetime prevalence intentional non-adherence (iNAR) use traditional, complementary alternative medicine (TCAM) in Serbia 2) understand how relate ‘distal’ factors—personality traits thinking dispositions, ‘proximal’ factors—a set beliefs cognitive biases under term ‘irrational mindset’. In this preregistered cross-sectional study on a nationally representative sample (N = 1003), we observed high iNAR (91.3%) TCAM (99.2%). Irrational beliefs, especially magical conspiracy theories, were strongest predictors TCAM. They also mediated relation between Disintegration/lower reflectiveness High Disintegration, low Conscientiousness predicted directly, whilst negative experiences with healthcare system facilitated both types practices. The established profile people prone behaviors fact can be tracked used tailor public communications.

Язык: Английский

The Role of Cognitive Biases in Shaping Irrational Beliefs: A Multi-Study Investigation DOI Open Access
Predrag Teovanović, Danka Purić, Marko Živanović

и другие.

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2024

Irrational beliefs encompass a broad set of that lack verifiable empirical evidence and contradict scientific principles, often grouped into conspiratorial, pseudoscientific, paranormal domains. This paper investigated whether these are rooted in cognitive biases. Across four studies, low socioeconomic status, right-wing political orientation, religiousness accounted for substantial portion irrational variance. However, biases consistently contributed incrementally to their prediction, with naturalness bias, omission commitment the overconfidence effect emerging as most robust predictors. Our findings indicate nuanced nature relationships, predictive power was higher conspiracist pseudoscientific comparison ones.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
The role of cognitive biases in shaping irrational beliefs: a multi-Study Investigation DOI
Predrag Teovanović, Danka Purić, Marko Živanović

и другие.

Thinking & Reasoning, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 44

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024

Irrational beliefs encompass a broad set of that lack verifiable empirical evidence and contradict scientific principles, often grouped into conspiratorial, pseudoscientific, paranormal domains. This paper investigated whether these are rooted in cognitive biases. Across four studies, low socioeconomic status, right-wing political orientation, religiousness accounted for substantial portion irrational variance. However, biases consistently contributed incrementally to their prediction, with naturalness bias, omission commitment the overconfidence effect emerging as most robust predictors. Our findings indicate nuanced nature relationships, predictive power was higher conspiracist pseudoscientific comparison ones.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Internal Consistency of the DELTA Scale Assessing Psychotic-Like Experiences DOI

Theresa Thölking,

Goran Knežević, Ljiljana B. Lazarević

и другие.

Zeitschrift für Psychologie, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 232(4), С. 279 - 290

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Abstract: This study’s objective was to conduct a reliability generalization meta-analysis of the DELTA scale capturing Disintegration, i.e., proneness psychotic-like experiences and behaviors. Eligible studies applied various versions scale; 573 α coefficients nested in 76 reports were identified. The pooled effect all included calculated by applying 4-level meta-analytic random-effects model. Test length, sample type, demographic characteristics (mean age, share females), language, proportion reverse-keyed items, publication status, documentation quality estimates (reported vs. post hoc computed reliabilities), score M SDs tested as moderators. model yielded an average Cronbach’s for its facets .86 (95% CI [.84, .88]), with medium long reaching .96 [.94, .96]) .97 [.95, .98]), respectively. Moderators explaining heterogeneity among follows: test length (expectedly, higher longer tests), mean scores SD (lower larger means lower SDs), language (highest German language). Overall, scales used past research showed high-reliability estimates.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Personality Correlates of Certain Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Psychotic Disorders DOI
Ivan Ristić, Goran Knežević, Dragana Ignjatović Ristić

и другие.

Zeitschrift für Psychologie, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 232(4), С. 245 - 254

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Abstract: Our study aimed to link personality traits (Big Five plus proneness psychotic-like experiences and behaviors, conceptualized as Disintegration) with clinical characteristics (gender, age, density of episodes, average antipsychotic doses, functionality, symptom scores). We analyzed 137 patients psychotic disorders (ICD-10: F20–F29) who had at least one episode, illness duration ≤10 years, in remission. Canonical correlation analysis revealed that (1) Psychotic fragility (defined by high older more severe symptoms) is associated Disintegration Neuroticism; (2) Disorder severity (high dysfunctionality, symptoms, younger age) linked low Agreeableness Openness; (3) Well-functioning (better milder are predicted a resilient profile. These findings deepen our understanding personality–psychopathology relationships.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
The HEXACO–Disintegration (HEXACOD) Personality Model in Early and Late Adolescence DOI
Ljiljana B. Lazarević, Stefan Pfattheicher, Ksenija Krstić

и другие.

Zeitschrift für Psychologie, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 232(4), С. 234 - 244

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Abstract: This study investigated the robustness of seven-factor HEXACO–Disintegration (HEXACOD) personality model in children and adolescents, across three age groups (10–13, 14–15, 16–18 years). Using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), we assessed invariance proposed model. The results supported HEXACOD model's metric groups. Disintegration factor lay outside HEXACO traits, corroborating claim that does not capture a wide range psychotic-like experiences behaviors (PLEBs). Moderated nonlinear analysis (MNLFA) also showed stability ages. Furthermore, show presents trait-like disposition on same level coherence as traits even adolescents.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Lifetime prevalence of questionable health behaviors and their psychological roots: A preregistered nationally representative survey DOI Creative Commons
Goran Knežević, Marija Petrović, Milica Ninković

и другие.

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(11), С. e0313173 - e0313173

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024

A growing body of evidence suggests that questionable health behaviors- not following medical recommendations and resorting to non-evidence based treatments—are more frequent than previously thought, they seem have strong psychological roots. We thus aimed to: 1) document the lifetime prevalence intentional non-adherence (iNAR) use traditional, complementary alternative medicine (TCAM) in Serbia 2) understand how relate ‘distal’ factors—personality traits thinking dispositions, ‘proximal’ factors—a set beliefs cognitive biases under term ‘irrational mindset’. In this preregistered cross-sectional study on a nationally representative sample (N = 1003), we observed high iNAR (91.3%) TCAM (99.2%). Irrational beliefs, especially magical conspiracy theories, were strongest predictors TCAM. They also mediated relation between Disintegration/lower reflectiveness High Disintegration, low Conscientiousness predicted directly, whilst negative experiences with healthcare system facilitated both types practices. The established profile people prone behaviors fact can be tracked used tailor public communications.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0