Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 95(6), С. 1511 - 1534

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2020

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the rise in human population size. The numbers invasive alien species – subset that spread widely areas where they not native, affecting environment or livelihoods increasing. Synergies with other changes exacerbating current facilitating new ones, thereby escalating extent impacts invaders. Invasions have complex often immense long‐term direct indirect impacts. In many cases, such become apparent problematic only when invaders well established large ranges. Invasive break down biogeographic realms, affect native richness abundance, increase risk extinction, genetic composition populations, change animal behaviour, alter phylogenetic diversity across communities, modify trophic networks. Many also ecosystem functioning delivery services by altering nutrient contaminant cycling, hydrology, habitat structure, disturbance regimes. These biodiversity accelerating will further future. Scientific evidence has identified policy strategies to reduce future invasions, but these insufficiently implemented. For some nations, notably Australia New Zealand, biosecurity national priority. There been successes, as eradication rats cats on islands biological control weeds continental areas. However, countries, receive little attention. Improved international cooperation is crucial biodiversity, services, livelihoods. Countries can strengthen their regulations implement enforce more effective management should address interact invasions.

Язык: Английский

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Island Biodiversity in the Anthropocene

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 44(1), С. 31 - 60

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2019

Biodiversity on marine islands is characterized by unique biogeographic, phylogenetic and functional characteristics. Islands hold a disproportionate amount of the world's biodiversity, they have also experienced loss it. Following human contact, island biodiversity has sustained negative impacts increasing in rate magnitude as transitioned from primary through secondary to tertiary economies. On islands, habitat transformation invasive non-native species historically been major threats although these will continue new forms, such human-induced climate change sea-level rise are emerging. Island changing with some going extinct, others abundance, becoming part many ecosystems, humans shaping ecological processes. thus microcosms for emerging socioecological landscapes Anthropocene. require strategies protection restoration their including maintaining biological cultural heritage regenerative practices, mainstreaming production landscapes, engaging reality novel ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Scientists’ warning – The outstanding biodiversity of islands is in peril

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31, С. e01847 - e01847

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2021

Despite islands contributing only 6.7% of land surface area, they harbor ~20% the Earth’s biodiversity, but unfortunately also ~50% threatened species and 75% known extinctions since European expansion around globe. Due to their geological geographic history characteristics, act simultaneously as cradles evolutionary diversity museums formerly widespread lineages—elements that permit achieve an outstanding endemicity. Nevertheless, majority these endemic are inherently vulnerable due genetic demographic factors linked with way colonized. Here, we stress great variation in physical geography (area, isolation, altitude, latitude) (age, human colonization, density). We provide examples some most rich iconic insular radiations. Next, analyze natural vulnerability biota, a result founder events well typically small population sizes many island species. note that, whereas evolution toward syndromes (including size shifts, derived woodiness, altered dispersal ability, loss defense traits, reduction clutch size) might have improved ability thrive under conditions on islands, it has made biota disproportionately anthropogenic pressures such habitat loss, overexploitation, invasive species, climate change. This led documented extinction at least 800 past 500 years, addition had already gone extinct following arrival first colonists prehistoric times. Finally, summarize current scientific knowledge ongoing biodiversity worldwide express our serious concern trajectory will continue decimate unique irreplaceable heritage world’s islands. conclude drastic actions urgently needed bend curve alarming rates loss.

Язык: Английский

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Economic use of plants is key to their naturalization success

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2020

Abstract Humans cultivate thousands of economic plants (i.e. with value) outside their native ranges. To analyze how this contributes to naturalization success, we combine global databases on uses and success the world’s seed plants. Here show that likelihood is 18 times higher for than non-economic Naturalization highest grown as animal food or environmental (e.g. ornamentals), increases number uses. Taxa from Northern Hemisphere are disproportionately over-represented among plants, Asia have greatest success. In regional naturalized floras, percentage exceeds towards equator. Phylogenetic patterns in flora partly result phylogenetic cultivate. Our study illustrates accounting intentional introduction key unravelling drivers plant naturalization.

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of future alien species impacts: An expert‐based assessment

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26(9), С. 4880 - 4893

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2020

Abstract Understanding the likely future impacts of biological invasions is crucial yet highly challenging given multiple relevant environmental, socio‐economic and societal contexts drivers. In absence quantitative models, methods based on expert knowledge are best option for assessing invasion trajectories. Here, we present an assessment drivers potential alien species under contrasting scenarios socioecological through mid‐21st century. Based responses from 36 experts in invasions, moderate (20%–30%) increases compared to current conditions, expected cause major biodiversity most contexts. Three main invasions—transport, climate change change—were predicted significantly affect even a best‐case scenario. Other (e.g. human demography migration tropical subtropical regions) were also high importance specific global individual taxonomic groups or biomes). We show that some can substantially reduce invasions. However, rapid comprehensive actions necessary use this achieve goals Post‐2020 Framework Convention Biological Diversity.

Язык: Английский

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The redclaw crayfish: A prominent aquaculture species with invasive potential in tropical and subtropical biodiversity hotspots

Reviews in Aquaculture, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(3), С. 1488 - 1530

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2021

Abstract The redclaw crayfish ( Cherax quadricarinatus ; hereafter redclaw), native to northern Australia and southern New Guinea, is among the largest freshwater decapods. It matures early considered highly prolific as females may lay over one thousand eggs in a single clutch. Despite generally preferring slow‐moving streams its range, it has wide environmental tolerance, making capable of establishing populations when introduced range other conditions habitats. These biological ecological features render suitable popular species for aquaculture worldwide, being second most important economically (after red swamp Procambarus clarkii ). Adding that, unique coloration fuels demand value aquarium enthusiasts, attractive pet trade. Today, widely translocated (67 countries/territories) various established wild (22 countries) have been reported on every continent except Antarctica. Information potential or observed impacts, however, sparse often anecdotal. To address this gap, comprehensive review compiles all available information species, covering taxonomy description, biology ecology, non‐native ranges accompanied with documented introduction pathways. Built upon these, we conducted socio‐economic classification distribution modelling. We reveal lack thorough impact assessments despite sufficient indications major observable impacts at local scales. call attention importance managing use prominent

Язык: Английский

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Invasive plant competitivity is mediated by nitrogen use strategies and rhizosphere microbiome

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 192, С. 109361 - 109361

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Urban Environments Promote Adaptation to Multiple Stressors

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Anthropogenic activities have drastically changed environmental conditions worldwide, negatively impacting biodiversity and ecosystem services. At the same time, majority of human population lives in urban areas that are greatly altered from natural habitats. Nevertheless, many species thrive these environments. To improve our knowledge evolution adaptation anthropogenically impacted habitats, we conducted widest series stress experiments to date with three marine taxa: one mussel two gammarid species. We compared intraspecific populations protected human‐altered habitats determine their tolerance salinity, temperature partial pressure CO 2 water (pCO ) regimes. Populations typically outperformed habitat populations, individuals most being robust. propose adapting life disturbed environments—this concurrently promotes more resilient rescue but potentially confers increased invasion risk non‐native

Язык: Английский

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The role of species charisma in biological invasions

Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(6), С. 345 - 353

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2020

Commonly used in the literature to refer “attractiveness”, “appeal”, or “beauty” of a species, charisma can be defined as set characteristics – and perception thereof that affect people's attitudes behaviors toward species. It is highly relevant concept for invasion science, with implications across all stages process. However, invasive alien species ( IAS ) has not yet been systematically investigated. We discuss this detail, provide recommendations further research, highlight management implications. review how affects processes associated biological invasions management, including introductions spread, media portrayals, public perceptions research attention, active involvement management. Explicit consideration critical understanding factors shape particular planning measures strategies, implementing combination education programs, awareness raising, campaigns.

Язык: Английский

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Global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees to prevent tree invasions and mitigate their negative impacts

NeoBiota, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 61, С. 65 - 116

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2020

Sustainably managed non-native trees deliver economic and societal benefits with limited risk of spread to adjoining areas. However, some plantations have launched invasions that cause substantial damage biodiversity ecosystem services, while others pose threats causing such impacts. The challenge is maximise the trees, minimising negative impacts preserving future options. A workshop was held in 2019 develop global guidelines for sustainable use using Council Europe – Bern Convention Code Conduct on Invasive Alien Trees as a starting point. consist eight recommendations: 1) Use native or non-invasive preference invasive trees; 2) Be aware comply international, national, regional regulations concerning 3) invasion consider change trends; 4) Design adopt tailored practices plantation site selection silvicultural management; 5) Promote implement early detection rapid response programmes; 6) tree control, habitat restoration, dealing highly modified ecosystems; 7) Engage stakeholders risks posed by caused, options 8) Develop support networks, collaborative research, information sharing trees. are first step towards building consensus precautions should be taken when introducing planting They voluntary intended complement statutory requirements under international national legislation. application achievement their goals will help conserve forest biodiversity, ensure forestry, contribute several Sustainable Development Goals United Nations linked biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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