Bat sonar and wing morphology predict species vertical niche

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 145(5), С. 3242 - 3251

Опубликована: Май 1, 2019

The use of echolocation allows insectivorous bats to access unique foraging niches by locating obstacles and prey with ultrasounds in complete darkness. To avoid interspecific competition, it is likely that sonar features wing morphology co-evolved species vertical distribution, but due the technical difficulties studying flight dimension, this has never been demonstrated empirical measurements. authors equipped 48 wind masts arrays two microphones located distribution a community 19 bat groups over their annual activity period (>8000 nights). tested correlation between proportion flights at height acoustic calls as well morphology. found call peak frequency bandwidth are good predictors space regardless strategies (i.e., gleaning, hawking, or detecting flutter). High aspect ratios high loadings were associated proportions time spent height, confirming hypotheses from literature.

Язык: Английский

---

High frequency social calls indicate food source defense in foraging Common pipistrelle bats

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2020

Abstract Social calls have the function to coordinate behavior of animals. In presence conspecifics foraging Common pipistrelle bats ( P. pipistrellus) emitted, in addition typical echolocation signals, two types social calls: complex and an as-of-yet undescribed, short, frequency-modulated call type with high terminal frequency, which we term “high frequency call”. By recording flight acoustic free flying pairs pipistrellus array four microphones were able determine their three-dimensional paths attribute emitted particular behavioral situations. Complex at further inter-individual distances large bearing angles conspecifics, whereas produced significantly shorter smaller angles. These associated chasings eviction intruder. We assume that emission both by reflects a two-stage-process occupation defense food patch. use claim patch switch agonistic behaviors, including emissions, when they defend territory against

Язык: Английский

---

Hearing sensitivity and amplitude coding in bats are differentially shaped by echolocation calls and social calls

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 288(1942), С. 20202600 - 20202600

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2021

Differences in auditory perception between species are influenced by phylogenetic origin and the perceptual challenges imposed natural environment, such as detecting prey- or predator-generated sounds communication signals. Bats well suited for comparative studies on since they predominantly rely echolocation to perceive world, while their social calls most environmental have low frequencies. We tested if hearing sensitivity stimulus level coding bats differ high low-frequency ranges measuring brainstem responses (ABRs) of 86 belonging 11 species. In species, was equally good at both high- ranges, amplitude more finely coded higher frequency ranges. Additionally, we conducted a analysis combining our ABR data with published 27 Species-specific peaks correlated peak frequencies pup isolation calls, suggesting that changes evolved response calls. Overall, study provides comprehensive assessment bat capacities date highlights evolutionary pressures acting sensory perception.

Язык: Английский

---

Acoustic Context Modulates Natural Sound Discrimination in Auditory Cortex through Frequency-Specific Adaptation

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 41(50), С. 10261 - 10277

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2021

Sound discrimination is essential in many species for communicating and foraging. Bats, example, use sounds echolocation communication. In the bat auditory cortex there are neurons that process both sound categories, but how these respond to acoustic transitions, is, streams followed by a communication sound, remains unknown. Here, we show context, leading sequence target changes neuronal discriminability of versus calls awake bats sexes. Nonselective fire equally well absence context become category selective when present. On contrary, prefer turn into nonselective ones added. The presence leads an overall response suppression, strength this suppression stimulus specific. Suppression strongest belong same category, e.g.,echolocation echolocation. A neuron model stimulus-specific adaptation replicated our results silico . predicts selectivity inputs arriving cortex, as two forms adaptation, presynaptic frequency-specific acting cortical stimulus-unspecific postsynaptic adaptation. addition, predicted effects can last up 1.5 s after offset synaptic tuned low-frequency (communication signals) have shortest decay constant SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We studied responses isolated call mixtures (1) populations coexist including discriminate social from driven ethologically different types; (2) (i.e., other natural preceding sound) affects manner could not be based on sounds; (3) computational similar those used explaining rodents account observed sounds. This depends segregated feedforward inputs, depression,

Язык: Английский

---

Neural Response Selectivity to Natural Sounds in the Bat Midbrain

Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 434, С. 200 - 211

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2020

Язык: Английский

---