Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 551 - 571
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Язык: Английский
Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 36(9), С. 2200 - 2214
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2022
Abstract Groundwater comprises the largest freshwater ecosystem on planet. It has a distinct regime of extreme, yet stable environmental conditions that have favoured development similar morphological and functional traits in resident invertebrate fauna (stygofauna). The analysis community is increasingly used as an alternative to taxonomy‐based assessments biodiversity, especially for monitoring status linking functions organisms ecological processes, it been rarely applied stygofauna groundwater ecosystems. In this paper, we review variation among important ecosystem. We focus processes alluvium fractured rock aquifers are typified by small voids fissures constrain habitats conditions. As first step, compare trait variability between surface water communities then examine significance ranges these vulnerability change. Fifteen potentially useful recognised. Eight narrower (i.e. exhibit fewer states, or attributes, particular trait) than they do water. Two wider ranges. Our synthesis suggests relative stability environments led low variability. biomass reproductive rate suggest recovery potential following disturbance likely be low. For purposes both improved understanding effective management, further work needed document additional their states fauna, enabling better relationship response effect Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
39
Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2023
Abstract Groundwater is a vital ecosystem of the global water cycle, hosting unique biodiversity and providing essential services to societies. Despite being largest unfrozen freshwater resource, in period depletion by extraction pollution, groundwater environments have been repeatedly overlooked conservation agendas. Disregarding importance as an ignores its critical role preserving surface biomes. To foster timely groundwater, we propose elevating concept keystone species into realm ecosystems, claiming that influences integrity many dependent ecosystems. Our analysis shows over half land areas (52.6%) has medium‐to‐high interaction with reaching up 74.9% when deserts high mountains are excluded. We postulate intrinsic transboundary features for shifting perspectives towards more holistic approaches aquatic ecology beyond. Furthermore, eight key themes develop science‐policy integrated agenda. Given ecosystems above below ground intersect at levels, considering component planetary health pivotal reduce loss buffer against climate change.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
39
The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 875, С. 162577 - 162577
Опубликована: Март 9, 2023
Groundwater represents a critical water source for plants, especially during drought, with continuous groundwater availability widely associated the presence of ecological refugia and preservation biodiversity periods adverse conditions. Here, we present systematic quantitative literature review global ecosystem interactions to synthesise current knowledge identify key gaps research priorities through management lens. Despite increasing on dependent vegetation since late 1990s, significant geographical biases are evident papers focused arid regions or areas anthropogenic changes. Of 140 reviewed, desert steepe landscapes accounted 50.7 % xeric shrublands were represented in 37.9 papers. A third (34.4 %) quantified uptake by ecosystems contributions transpiration, studies examining influence productivity, distribution, composition also well represented. In contrast, influences other functions relatively poorly explored. The introduce uncertainty transferability findings between locations limiting generality our understanding. This synthesis contributes consolidating solid base hydrological interrelationships managers, planners, decision-makers that is relevant environments they manage, so can more effectively deliver conservation outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
33
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 98(3), С. 849 - 867
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023
Alien species are a significant threat to natural ecosystems and human economies. Despite global efforts address this challenge, the documented number of alien is rapidly increasing worldwide. However, magnitude impact may vary significantly across habitats. For example, some habitats naturally less prone biological invasions due stringent abiotic biotic characteristics, selecting for limited introduced possessing traits closely related native organisms. Subterranean quintessential examples with strong environmental filters (e.g. lack light scarcity food), driving convergent adaptations in that have successfully adapted life darkness. these constraints, records subterranean has increased recent decades, but relevant literature remains largely fragmented mostly anecdotal. Therefore, even though caves generally considered very fragile ecosystems, their susceptibility impacts by untested other than specific cases. We provide first systematic survey synthesise available knowledge on globally. This review supported database summarising literature, aiming identify gaps distribution spread invertebrate habitats, laying foundations future management practices interventions. First, we quantitatively assessed current shed broader questions about taxonomic biases, geographical patterns, modes dispersal, pathways introductions potential impacts. Secondly, collected species-specific each recorded tested whether act as ecological establishment, favouring organisms pre-adaptive suitable life. found information presence 246 belonging 18 different classes. The dominant were invertebrates, especially insects arachnids. Most reported terrestrial from all continents except Antarctica. Palaearctic Nearctic biogeographic regions represented main source species. routes into recipient country linked commercial activities (84.3% cases which there was available). Negative been small case studies (22.7%), competition (6.1%), strategies effectiveness interventions rarely quantified. Accordingly, costs limited. Approximately half our can be established According results, grants access filter posed environments, facilitating establishment new habitat. recommend deepen understanding invasiveness raising public scientific community awareness preserving ecosystems.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
27
One Earth, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(11), С. 1510 - 1522
Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2023
Subterranean ecosystems (e.g., caves, groundwaters, fissure systems) are often overlooked in global climate change and conservation agendas. This contrasts with their widespread distribution, rich biodiversity, importance to humans as providers of multiple ecosystem services. Worryingly, evidence is accumulating regarding diverse biological alterations subterranean under exposure. Yet, we lack quantification the magnitude these impacts across scales components. Here, assembled a dataset covering 347 measurements impact at organismal physiology, behavior, population/community, habitat levels. Through meta-analysis, showed that effects act gene community levels varying strength direction depending on habitat, taxa, degree specialization. By building nuanced understanding multilevel ecosystems, our analysis underscores vulnerability different components, providing supported rationale for incorporation into agendas through targeted measures.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
24
npj Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024
Subterranean ecosystems (comprising terrestrial, semi-aquatic, and aquatic components) are increasingly threatened by human activities; however, the current network of surface-protected areas is inadequate to safeguard subterranean biodiversity. Establishing protected for challenging. First, there technical obstacles in mapping three-dimensional with uncertain boundaries. Second, rarity endemism organisms, combined a scarcity taxonomists, delays accumulation essential biodiversity knowledge. Third, establishing agreements preserve requires collaboration among multiple actors often competing interests. This perspective addresses challenges preserving through areas. Even face uncertainties, we suggest it both timely critical assess general criteria protection implement them based on precautionary principles. To this end, examine status European discuss solutions improve their coverage ecosystems.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Cell Reports Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(3), С. 100057 - 100057
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
Show caves are important tourism attractions around the world, generating profits of approximately 850 billion dollars per year. However, touristic use may jeopardize conservation these fragile ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to examine tourism-related impacts on show and management measures needed preserve subterranean Here, we analyze literature published over last 30 years with a driver-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) approach, which includes 101 papers examining human ecosystem 67 actions. The introduction allochthonous microorganisms microclimate alterations emerged as most concerning impacts, given their cascading effects all components. Our analysis shows that actions directly address but multidisciplinary approach overlooked. As result, offer roadmap for sustainable scientifically sound usage caves.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
Scientific Data, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(1)
Опубликована: Май 26, 2022
Abstract Species traits are an essential currency in ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology. However, trait databases unavailable for most organisms, especially those living difficult-to-access habitats such as caves other subterranean ecosystems. We compiled expert-curated database spiders Europe using both literature data (including grey published many different languages) direct morphological measurements whenever specimens were available to us. started by updating the checklist of European spiders, now including 512 species across 20 families, which at least 192 have been found uniquely habitats. For each these species, we 64 traits. The encompasses measures, several related adaptation, ecological referring habitat preference, dispersal, feeding strategies. By making freely available, open up opportunities exploring research questions, from quantification functional dimensions adaptation study spatial patterns diversity caves.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
24
Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 283, С. 110136 - 110136
Опубликована: Май 31, 2023
Subterranean ecosystems host unique biodiversity and deliver important services to humans. Yet, available data for subterranean are limited in space and/or taxonomic scope global monitoring programs absent, preventing practitioners develop effective conservation management strategies. Expert opinion may help overcome some of these knowledge gaps. We surveyed experts on a wide variety taxa around the world, aiming quantify importance anthropogenic threats measures provide roadmap how preserve fundamental habitats associated species ecosystem services. obtained 279 responses from 155 different habitats, taxa, regions. Experts perceived surface habitat change, direct destruction (e.g., pollution, damming, mining), climate change as most relevant impacting ecosystems. Legislation, land protection, education were scored measures, whereas species-level was deemed less relevant. Whenever lacking hard data, expert be an effective, largely available, yet often overlooked source information implement timely interventions
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 38(1)
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2023
Abstract Bats frequently inhabit caves and other subterranean habitats play a critical role in food webs. With escalating threats to ecosystems, identifying the most effective measures protect subterranean‐roosting bats is critical. We conducted meta‐analysis evaluate effectiveness of conservation management interventions for bats. used network analyses determine what extent overlap those taxa. our with data extracted from 345 papers recommending total 910 interventions. Gating roost entrances was applied preserve bat populations 21 studies, but its unclear. Habitat restoration disturbance reduction positively affected behavior, respectively, ≤4 studies. Decontamination assessed 2 studies populations, particularly focused on reducing fungal spores associated white‐nose syndrome North America. Monitoring as an strategy unclear infrequently tested. Only 4% simultaneously considered organisms. However, had similarities all If organisms are when applying conserve bats, they might also benefit.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14