From Ampoules to Auto‐Injectors: Advancing Anaphylaxis Management in China

Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

The introduction of epinephrine auto-injectors (EAIs) in mainland China marks a significant advancement the management anaphylaxis, particularly context food allergies. However, despite approval EAIs for clinical use Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 2023 (Figure 1), their widespread availability and across remain limited. Before region, was predominantly administered via injections drawn from ampoules [1], which required trained healthcare professionals to deliver drug. Although effective, introduces critical delays during anaphylactic reactions, settings where immediate medical assistance is unavailable. In contrast, allow patients or caregivers administer quickly independently, potentially reducing time treatment mitigating progression life-threatening symptoms anaphylaxis. while are designed improve access life-saving treatment, current data do not conclusively demonstrate reduction anaphylaxis-related mortality [2]. Fatal outcomes anaphylaxis rare difficult study systematically due unpredictable nature severe allergic reactions low incidence deaths. Pre-filled syringes with represent an alternative option emergency treatment. conducted by Asia-Pacific Research Network Anaphylaxis highlighted disparities prescription utilisation these devices [3]. For example, rates pre-filled reached 82% Thailand, no such were prescribed upon discharge Qingdao. This disparity underscores broader challenges China, epinephrine—whether syringes—remains severely Globally, several countries have successfully implemented as first-line [4]. Europe, integration into care protocols has improved response times patient outcomes. These international efforts provide valuable lessons suggesting that increased could support health outcomes, though further research needed assess long-term impact. help reduce associated allergies serving model other regions follow. barriers continue hinder adoption China. One major challenge limited devices, been introduced primarily Hong Kong Macao [1]. Outside regions, remains restricted. Additionally, cost between 1600 1900 HKD (approximately 205 245 USD), only 50 80 CNY (around 7 11 creating may limit nationwide uptake, lower-income areas. Food allergy emerging public issue reported prevalence ranging 4.0% 8.2% [5]. most studies rely on self-reported surveys rather than objective diagnostic methods oral challenges, likely lead overestimation true prevalence. Despite this growing burden, epidemiological sparse, gaps awareness persist. Effective allergies, depends timely administration epinephrine. EAIs, long considered standard developed countries, recently became available Knowledge persist among certain regarding optimal While widely recognised some clinicians glucocorticoids, address acute airway constriction cardiovascular collapse [6]. mismanagement can delay appropriate leading worsened Furthermore, standardised lacking facilities varying approaches. fewer 15% survivors before hospital 2009 2019 [7]. To issue, Consortium consensus guidelines aimed at improving settings; however, Improving accessibility affordability rural low-income critical. burden food-induced lower ensuring essential prevent emergencies. A tiered pricing system based income levels provision direct subsidies populations financial access. collaboration pharmaceutical companies distribution especially underserved regions. Healthcare would benefit incorporating internationally best practices ongoing professional development. Ensuring familiar established global management—such intramuscular correct EAIs—would significantly enhance ability effective care. Evidence paediatric department Tel Aviv demonstrated implementing structured management, combined educational initiatives, recognition resulting diagnosis, administration, EAI prescriptions [8]. potential misclassification deaths asthma-related need accuracy providers. Raising individuals risk, including those preparedness this, online platforms, webinars, local workshops be utilised ensure providers—particularly areas—remain informed latest developments protocols. Public education many unaware signs intervention. lack concerning areas, more Promoting importance [9]. should accompanied minimise misuse confidence use. campaigns, community outreach, accessible resources—such informational materials workshops—could risk recognise earlier, seek promptly, likelihood represents important managing evaluation monitoring implementation impact equitable safe Expanding availability, affordability, practice treatments. collaborative approach—combining professionals, awareness, EAIs—can strengthen By addressing its population contribute EAIs—a anaphylaxis—are all need. A.L.R.B.: Conceptualisation (lead); curation supervision visualisation writing – original draft preparation review editing (lead). A.B. serves Manitoba Saskatchewan Steering Committee ImmUnity Canada. Data sharing applicable article new created analyzed study.

Язык: Английский

Early Origins of Asthma and Allergies: Clues From Studies in China

Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

ABSTRACT Asthma and allergies have emerged as some of the most common chronic diseases, particularly in developed countries. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrated that children growing up farming/rural environments are less likely to develop these conditions. Over past three decades, China has experienced unprecedented economic development urbanisation, accompanied by a rapid rise prevalence allergic disorders. Despite substantial number affected individuals, allergy management remains inconsistent often inadequate, compounded variations diagnostic criteria limited healthcare access regions. Furthermore, vast population, regional disparities, methodological inconsistencies data collection hindered acquisition comprehensive, large‐scale epidemiological data. This review examines factors contributing asthma from their early origins, focusing on modifiable specific perspective China. Factors related traditional lifestyle, such early‐life exposure agricultural farming poultry, diverse dietary patterns, introduction allergenic foods, appear offer protection against allergies. Conversely, open‐fire cooking, incense burning, tobacco smoke, well antibiotic use perinatal like Caesarean section delivery prematurity may represent potential risks. A clear understanding role would pave way for developing effective interventions mitigate health socioeconomic burdens associated with

Язык: Английский