Journal of Immunology Research,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
2018, С. 1 - 9
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018
Macrophages
are
crucial
members
of
the
mononuclear
phagocyte
system
essential
to
protect
host
from
invading
pathogens
and
central
inflammatory
response
with
their
ability
acquire
specialized
phenotypes
(M1)
anti-inflammatory
(M2)
produce
a
pool
mediators.
Equipped
broad
range
receptors,
such
as
Toll-like
receptor
4
(TLR4),
CD14,
Fc
gamma
receptors
(Fc
γ
Rs),
macrophages
can
efficiently
recognize
phagocytize
secrete
cytokines
by
triggering
various
secondary
signaling
pathways.
Phospholipase
C
(PLC)
is
family
enzymes
that
hydrolyze
phospholipids,
most
significant
which
phosphatidylinositol
4,5-bisphosphate
[PI(4,5)P2].
Cleavage
at
internal
phosphate
ester
generates
two
second
messengers,
inositol
1,4,5-trisphosphate
(IP3)
diacylglycerol
(DAG),
both
mediate
in
diverse
cellular
functions
including
response.
Recent
studies
have
shown
some
PLC
isoforms
involved
multiple
stages
TLR4-,
CD14-,
Rs-mediated
activation
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-
κ
B),
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK),
interferon
regulatory
factors
(IRFs),
all
associated
regulation
Therefore,
implicated
pathogenesis
numerous
diseases.
This
review
provides
an
overview
our
current
knowledge
on
how
regulates
macrophage-mediated
Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
Abstract
With
the
advent
of
adoptive
cellular
therapy,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
therapy
has
gained
widespread
application
in
cancer
treatment
and
demonstrated
significant
efficacy
against
certain
hematologic
malignancies.
However,
due
to
limitations
CAR-T
treating
solid
tumors,
other
immune
cells
are
being
modified
with
CAR
address
this
issue.
Macrophages
have
emerged
as
a
promising
option,
owing
their
extensive
functions,
which
include
presentation,
powerful
tumor
phagocytosis,
particularly
active
trafficking
microenvironment.
Leveraging
unique
advantages,
CAR-macrophages
(CAR-M)
expected
enhance
effectiveness
treatments
novel
form
immunotherapy,
potentially
overcoming
major
challenges
associated
CAR-T/NK
therapy.
This
review
outlines
primary
mechanism
underlying
CAR-M
recent
progressions
while
also
discussing
further
applications.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(6), С. 2652 - 2661
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024
Micro(nano)plastics
(MNPs)
are
emerging
pollutants
that
can
adsorb
in
the
environment
and
biological
molecules
ultimately
affect
human
health.
However,
aspects
of
adsorption
intracellular
proteins
onto
MNPs
its
effects
cells
have
not
been
investigated
to
date.
The
present
study
revealed
100
nm
polystyrene
nanoplastics
(NPs)
could
be
internalized
by
THP-1
specifically
adsorbed
proteins.
In
total,
773
NPs
with
high
reliability
were
identified
using
proteomics
approach
analyzed
via
bioinformatics
predict
route
distribution
following
cellular
internalization.
representative
Kyoto
Encyclopedia
Genes
Genomes
pathway
analysis
further
characterize
protein
effects.
glycolysis
through
pyruvate
kinase
M
(PKM)
adsorption,
trigger
unfolded
response
ribophorin
1
(RPN1)
heat
shock
70
8
(HSPA8),
chiefly
into
clathrin-mediated
endocytosis
concomitant
clathrin
heavy
chain
(CLTC)
adsorption.
Therefore,
this
work
provides
new
insights
research
strategies
for
caused
NPs.
Journal of Immunology Research,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
2018, С. 1 - 9
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018
Macrophages
are
crucial
members
of
the
mononuclear
phagocyte
system
essential
to
protect
host
from
invading
pathogens
and
central
inflammatory
response
with
their
ability
acquire
specialized
phenotypes
(M1)
anti-inflammatory
(M2)
produce
a
pool
mediators.
Equipped
broad
range
receptors,
such
as
Toll-like
receptor
4
(TLR4),
CD14,
Fc
gamma
receptors
(Fc
γ
Rs),
macrophages
can
efficiently
recognize
phagocytize
secrete
cytokines
by
triggering
various
secondary
signaling
pathways.
Phospholipase
C
(PLC)
is
family
enzymes
that
hydrolyze
phospholipids,
most
significant
which
phosphatidylinositol
4,5-bisphosphate
[PI(4,5)P2].
Cleavage
at
internal
phosphate
ester
generates
two
second
messengers,
inositol
1,4,5-trisphosphate
(IP3)
diacylglycerol
(DAG),
both
mediate
in
diverse
cellular
functions
including
response.
Recent
studies
have
shown
some
PLC
isoforms
involved
multiple
stages
TLR4-,
CD14-,
Rs-mediated
activation
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-
κ
B),
mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK),
interferon
regulatory
factors
(IRFs),
all
associated
regulation
Therefore,
implicated
pathogenesis
numerous
diseases.
This
review
provides
an
overview
our
current
knowledge
on
how
regulates
macrophage-mediated
