The State of Migratory Landbirds in the East Asian Flyway: Distributions, Threats, and Conservation Needs

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2021

With nearly 400 migratory landbird species, the East Asian Flyway is most diverse of world’s flyways. This diversity a consequence varied ecological niches provided by biomes ranging from broadleaf forests to arctic tundra and accentuated complex biogeographic processes. The distribution migration ecology landbirds still inadequately known, but recent explosion in number studies tracking raptors, cuckoos, kingfishers passerines has greatly increased our knowledge about stopover wintering many routes that link northeast Eurasia tropics. Yet also supports highest threatened species among Strong declines have been detected buntings (Emberizidae) other long-distance migrants. While conservation this region largely focused on unsustainable hunting, there are threats, such as habitat loss agro-chemical use driven directly land cover change climate-related Important gaps be addressed include (1) threats affecting different parts their annual cycle, (2) range-wide population trends, (3) requirements during non-breeding season, (4) status critical sites (including understudied farming landscapes, rice fields) bottlenecks along flyway.

Язык: Английский

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Averting wildlife-borne infectious disease epidemics requires a focus on socio-ecological drivers and a redesign of the global food system

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 47, С. 101386 - 101386

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2022

A debate has emerged over the potential socio-ecological drivers of wildlife-origin zoonotic disease outbreaks and emerging infectious (EID) events. This Review explores extent to which incidence outbreaks, are likely include devastating pandemics like HIV/AIDS COVID-19, may be linked excessive increasing rates tropical deforestation for agricultural food production wild meat hunting trade, further related contemporary ecological crises such as global warming mass species extinction. Here we explore a set precautionary responses zoonosis threat, including: (a) limiting human encroachment into wildlands by promoting transition diets low in livestock source foods; (b) containing trade curbing urban demand, while securing access indigenous people local communities remote subsistence areas; (c) improving biosecurity other strategies break transmission pathways at wildlife-human interface along animal supply chains.

Язык: Английский

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Global patterns of border protected areas reveal gaps in transboundary conservation efforts

One Earth, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 101206 - 101206

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Global Tiger Density Linked With Forest Carbon Stock, Top‐Down and Bottom‐Up

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Tiger ( Panthera tigris ) survival, as apex predators in forest ecosystems, largely depends on abundant prey healthy, intact forests. Because large herbivore are drivers of plant biomass, we reasoned that tiger distribution and density probably also closely linked with carbon (C) stock, the management which is critical for mitigating climate change. However, whether tigers exert top‐down control C stocks or passive surrogate indicators bottom‐up a salient unanswered question conservation management, particularly trophic rewilding. Here, compiled estimates global presence to test effects tiger‐carbon relationships along gradient from “empty forests” without “target state” ecosystems living at different abundances. Our results showed was associated higher vegetation stocks, lower emissions, inputs globally. Top‐down via ungulate biomass were stronger less established Furthermore, soil increased reached peaks four habitat types covering most range. findings reveal tigers, represented by their density, both an indicator driver ecosystem depending underlying ecological conditions, could safeguard forests against future emissions improve our understanding climate‐C cycle feedback.

Язык: Английский

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Wildlife-snaring crisis in Asian forests

Science, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 355(6322), С. 255 - 256

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2017

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Язык: Английский

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Identifying global centers of unsustainable commercial harvesting of species

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 5(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2019

High-risk areas contain 82% of all species and >80% the ranges Critically Endangered threatened by overexploitation.

Язык: Английский

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The challenges and conservation implications of bear bile farming in Viet Nam

Oryx, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 54(2), С. 252 - 259

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2018

Abstract Legalized trade in commercially farmed wildlife products is sometimes promoted as a conservation strategy. In theory, flooding the market with cheaper or better quality will decrease profitability of poaching. Bear bile highly sought-after for use traditional medicine and overhunting to supply demand bear parts has led declining populations across South-east Asia. farming was established help high bile. Viet Nam it legal keep registered bears, but illegal extract sell We conducted semi-structured interviews 66 farmers examine implications farming. The results show that wild not satisfied by widespread availability Farmers report strong consumer preference willingness pay more wild-sourced products. existence farms presents considerable challenges law enforcement. suggest relies on restocking from populations, openly admit extracting selling bile, clear violation national legislation. case provides an example failing reduce pressure once widely distributed relatively abundant species. Research into values, attitudes behaviours improve understanding drivers inform design effective species management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Have Indo-Malaysian forests reached the end of the road?

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 223, С. 129 - 137

Опубликована: Май 12, 2018

The Indo-Malaysian region harbours some of the highest diversity globally, yet it is also has rates deforestation. Furthermore countries have shown up-to a 10 times increase in area deforested annually between 2001 and 2014. Large-scale forest clearance preceded by growth road networks which provide stark warning for region's future as many roads established or infrastructure are illegal unmapped. In regions almost 100% were previously unmapped on global map, 99.9% deforestation occurs within 2.5 km these roads. Borneo majority plantations an industrial-scale averaging over km2 size, whereas most typically under 1 integrated into landscape mosaic, though preliminary industrial being developed parts region. Within coming decade may lose all unprotected forests. As only 2% their land-area protected this condemns endemic species to extinction. Urgent measures needed protect much larger proportion remaining forest, offers means species.

Язык: Английский

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Global humid tropics forest structural condition and forest structural integrity maps

Scientific Data, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2019

Abstract Remotely sensed maps of global forest extent are widely used for conservation assessment and planning. Yet, there is increasing recognition that these efforts must now include elements quality biodiversity ecosystem services. Such data not yet available globally. Here we introduce two products, the Forest Structural Condition Index (SCI) Integrity (FSII), to meet this need humid tropics. The SCI integrates canopy height, tree cover, time since disturbance distinguish short, open-canopy, or recently deforested stands from tall, closed-canopy, older typical primary forest. was validated against estimates foliage height diversity derived airborne lidar. FSII overlays a index human pressure on identify structurally complex forests with low pressure, likely most valuable maintaining These products represent an important step in maturation focus should be considered “best last” international policy settings.

Язык: Английский

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High Carbon Stock forests provide co‐benefits for tropical biodiversity

Journal of Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 55(2), С. 997 - 1008

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2017

Abstract Carbon‐based policies provide powerful opportunities to unite tropical forest conservation with climate change mitigation. However, their effectiveness in delivering biodiversity co‐benefits is dependent on high levels of being found carbon areas. Previous studies have focussed solely the associated Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation ( REDD +) over large spatial scales, few empirically testing carbon‐biodiversity correlations at management unit scales appropriate decision‐makers. Yet, development frontiers, where most loss occurs, carbon‐based are increasingly driven by commodity certification schemes, which applied concession level. Working a typical human‐modified landscape Southeast Asia, we examined value land prioritised via application + or High Carbon Stock HCS ) approach, emerging land‐use planning tool for oil palm certification. stocks were estimated low‐ high‐resolution datasets derived global local‐level biomass. Mammalian species richness was predicted using hierarchical Bayesian multispecies occupancy models camera‐trap data habitats. At community level, supported comparable mammal diversity control sites continuous forest, while lower strata exhibited reduced occupancy. No association between when latter coarse‐resolution data. high‐resolution, locally validated biomass data, demonstrated positive relationships threatened disturbance‐sensitive species, suggesting sensitivity sources considered. Policy implications . Our work confirms potential environmental tandem mitigate agricultural impacts biodiversity. Successful implementation both approaches could be used direct low carbon, areas countries.

Язык: Английский

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