The growing and vital role of botanical gardens in climate change research

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 231(3), С. 917 - 932

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2021

Summary Botanical gardens make unique contributions to climate change research, conservation, and public engagement. They host resources, including diverse collections of plant species growing in natural conditions, historical records, expert staff, attract large numbers visitors volunteers. Networks botanical spanning biomes continents can expand the value these resources. Over past decade, research at has advanced our understanding impacts on phenology, physiology, anatomy, conservation. For example, researchers have utilized garden networks assess anatomical functional traits associated with phenological responses change. New methods enhanced pace impact this phylogenetic comparative methods, online databases herbarium specimens photographs that allow studies geographically, temporally, taxonomically scope. grown their community citizen science programs, informing about monitoring plants more intensively than is possible staff alone. Despite advances, are still underutilized research. To address this, we review recent progress describe promising future directions for engagement gardens.

Язык: Английский

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Unprecedented extinction of tree species by fungal disease

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 261, С. 109276 - 109276

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Plant extinction in the Anthropocene

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Abstract Species go extinct each day, most without notice. The current human-induced extinction rate is up to 700 times higher than the background rate. Extinctions are not different for plants, animals, or fungi, although botanical and invertebrate extinctions much more poorly documented those of charismatic vertebrates. In a recent book on plants (Christenhusz & Govaerts, 2023), an overview since 1753 was presented, listing which species became probable reason their extinction. As have date when they were last documented, timeline can also be compiled based these data. This shows increase from 1890 1940, but decline in new recorded after 1980s, likely result taxonomic impediment. Extinction rates before 1800 impacted by lack data (here named Berkeley extinction). It concluded that highest biodiversity-rich areas with high human influence (extinction hotspots). Two combinations name proposed here, showing importance taxonomy conservation. Although anthropogenic plant global phenomenon, particular concern Hawaiian Islands, southern Africa, Australia, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Brazil. been mainly caused land clearing agriculture urbanization, invasive feral mining, river dams, diseases, poaching. We predict unusual weather patterns associated rapid climate change may extinctions. Reintroduction, even if persists cultivation, always possible due suitable remaining habitat where threats decreased removed. Successful reintroduction cannot guaranteed. costly usually dependent short-term funding, efforts vain. Protection natural cost-effective long term. Sometimes, rescued should introduced similar habitats outside range absent. follows programmes assisted migration mitigation, this introduction prevent critically endangered naturalized native considered.

Язык: Английский

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Selecting the best candidates for resurrecting extinct-in-the-wild plants from herbaria

Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(12), С. 1385 - 1393

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of Conservation status of the Egyptian endemic plants along the Mediterranean coastal strip region

Journal of Coastal Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 28(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Abstract The IUCN Red List, which provides data on distribution, ecology and habitats, population size, economic uses, threats conservation actions, is a critical indicator of the status world's biodiversity will assist in informing necessary decision. Mediterranean region characterized by heavy endemism plant diversity, where majority its species are narrow endemic species. current investigation aims at evaluating status, degree extinction plants Egypt their changes over recent climate changes. Twenty Field trips were conducted from February 2017 to March 2023, investigating different regions coastal strip Egypt. In addition, all previous studies performed investigated area, scientific literature, herbaria have been taken into consideration. Coordinates, main habitats for 15 taxa during visits evaluate level depending categories. indicated that nine found be threatened (7 endangered, 2 critically endangered). four believed extinct, while two recorded as Data Deficient. Climate (drought excessive temperature) human impacts (urbanization tourism) most effective this region. present pioneer study completely evaluation these according criteria.

Язык: Английский

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Four challenges to an effective national nature assessment

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 37(5)

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023

Comprehensive biodiversity assessments play an essential role in strengthening global and national conservation strategies. The recently announced first U.S. National Nature Assessment (NNA) provides unparalleled opportunity to comprehensively review status trends of at all levels. This broad context can help the coordination actions conserve individual species ecosystems. scientific that informed Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework adopted 2022 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) conference parties provide models for synthesizing information multiple levels biodiversity, including decline abundance distribution species, loss populations genetic diversity, degradation ecosystems their services. then relate these data drivers pathways mitigation. NNA augment such analyses avoid pitfalls encountered by previous efforts ensuring policy-relevant design, accessibility, inclusivity process product incorporating spatial relevant subnational audiences. Although United States is not formally a CBD party, effective should take full advantage indicators meeting independent mechanism supports periodic stocktaking ratcheting up ambition response identified shortfalls stemming loss. challenges design assessment are globally as nations develop reporting support new framework's targets. By considering diverse ways which society values benefits from nature, bridge gap between research practice communicate extent crisis public, fostering broad-based transformative change humanity's relationship natural world.Cuatro obstáculos para una eficaz evaluación nacional de la naturaleza Resumen Las evaluaciones completas biodiversidad tienen un papel esencial en el fortalecimiento las estrategias conservación y mundial. La recién anunciada Evaluación Nacional Naturaleza (ENN) los EE. UU. proporciona oportunidad sin precedentes revisar manera completa estado tendencias todos niveles. Este contexto generalizado puede ayudar coordinación acciones especies individuales ecosistemas. científicas que guiaron Marco Mundial Biodiversidad Kumming-Montreal adoptado conferencia partes Convención sobre Diversidad Biológica proporcionan modelos sintetizar información varios niveles, incluyendo declinación abundancia distribución especies, pérdida poblaciones diversidad genética degradación ecosistemas sus servicios. Después esto, relacionan estas con causantes maneras mitigarla. ENN pueden aumentar estos análisis mundiales evitar dificultades enfrentadas por esfuerzos previos al garantizar diseño relevante políticas, disponibilidad datos inclusión proceso producto también mediante incorporación espaciales relevantes público subnacional. Aunque no son parte formal CBD, efectiva debería aprovechar lleno incluir indicadores adoptados reunión e incorporar mecanismo independiente revisión respalde balance periódico aumento ambición respuesta deficiencias detectadas contención biodiversidad. Los retos diseñar estadunidense nivel mundial ya países evalúan reportan mantener objetivos post-2020. Si consideramos diferentes sociedad valora se beneficia naturaleza, dichas cerrar brecha entre investigación práctica comunicarle biodiversidad, lo fomenta apoyo transformar relación humanidad mundo natural.【摘要】全面的生物多样性评估在加强全球和国家保护战略方面发挥着重要作用。最近宣布的第一项美国国家自然评估提供了独特的机会来全面评估生物多样性在各个层次的现状和趋势。这一广泛背景有助于协调保护单个物种和生态系统的行动。 年《生物多样性公约》缔约国会议上通过的《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》的科学评估为综合生物多样性多个层次的趋势信息提供了模型, 包括物种丰度下降、分布减少、种群和遗传多样性丧失, 以及生态系统及其服务的退化和丧失。这些评估可以将变化趋势与生物多样性丧失的驱动因素和减缓丧失的途径的数据联系起来。美国国家自然评估可以通过确保与政策相关的设计、数据存取可及性、过程和产物的包容性, 并纳入与国家和地区受众相关的空间数据, 来改善此类全球分析, 避开美国以往保护工作遇到的陷阱。虽然美国不是《生物多样性公约》的正式缔约国, 但有效的国家自然评估应该充分利用全球背景, 包括 年会议上通过的指标, 并建立独立的审查机制以支持定期的生物多样性评估, 同时逐渐提升目标以应对在遏制生物多样性丧失中存在的不足。随着各国都在发展评估和报告机制来支持2020年后全球生物多样性目标, 美国设计有效评估所面临的挑战也与全球相关。通过考虑和整合社会对自然的价值观以及从自然中获益的不同方式, 该评估可以帮助弥补研究和保护实践之间的差距, 向公众传达生物多样性的危机程度, 以及推动对人与自然关系转型变革的广泛支持。【翻译:胡怡思;审校:聂永刚】.

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Attitudes Toward Engagement in Citizen Science Increase Self-Related, Ecology-Related, and Motivation-Related Outcomes in an Urban Wildlife Project

BioScience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 73(3), С. 206 - 219

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Abstract Citizen science projects are crucial for engaging citizens in conservation efforts. Although attitudes toward engagement citizen were mostly considered an outcome of participation, may also have a certain attitude when starting with project. Moreover, there is lack studies that consider changes over longer periods time. Therefore, this research, we present two-wave data from four field project about urban wildlife ecology using cross-lagged panel analyses. We investigated the influence on self-related, ecology-related, and motivation-related outcomes. found positive at beginning had influences participants’ psychological ownership pride their enthusiasm wildlife, internal external motivation 2 months later. discuss implications research practice.

Язык: Английский

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Study of orchids (Orchidaceae) distribution and richness for conservation implications in Tripura, North East India

Vegetos, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Investigation of the Soil Properties in the Habitat of the Local Endemic Taxon Verbascum yurtcuranianum

Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1), С. 87 - 94

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Verbascum yurtkuranianum is a locally endemic species distributed in Ericek province of Gürsu District Bursa Province. In research, the element contents and soil properties samples from 5 different locations where V. taxon naturally spread were analyzed they correlated with number individuals locations. The determined to be clayey, low-medium calcareous, moderately rich organic matter. this study dated 2023, it was that total flowers or rosette leaves populations location 235, 216 them had 19 flowers. highest found V, I. At same time, observed region between road shore pond located on southeastern province, which considering yurtkuranianum, species, at risk due human activities, we believe results obtained will provide important findings for conservation studies species.

Язык: Английский

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Insights into ex situ conservation and MaxEnt-based habitat suitability modeling of Prunus ulmifolia Franch. (Rosaceae Juss.): A Central Asian relict species

Trees Forests and People, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20, С. 100901 - 100901

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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