Wildlife Letters,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
1(3), С. 131 - 142
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023
Abstract
One
of
the
challenges
in
study
animal
personalities
is
to
select
a
suitable
method
measure
personality.
Here,
we
reviewed
three
common
methods
(traits
rating,
behavioral
coding,
and
experimentation)
used
personality
measurement
wild
animals.
For
each
method,
summarized
its
experimental
animals
conditions,
advantages,
disadvantages
measurement.
could
be
different
species,
one
species.
Overall,
traits
rating
was
test
large
(e.g.,
primates),
coding
conducted
both
small
primates,
birds,
rodents,
fishes),
whereas
experimentation
amphibians,
insects).
Although
were
originally
designed
for
model
mice
rats),
some
them
under
indoor
which
transferred
from
field
laboratory.
Unfortunately,
few
studies
have
estimated
applicability
these
In
future,
effective
are
needed
animals,
especially
that
can
field.
Conservation Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
37(1)
Опубликована: Май 13, 2022
Abstract
Although
animal
personality
research
may
have
applied
uses,
this
suggestion
has
yet
to
be
evaluated
by
assessing
empirical
studies
examining
and
conservation.
To
address
knowledge
gap,
we
performed
a
systematic
review
of
the
peer‐reviewed
literature
relating
conservation
science
personality.
Criteria
for
inclusion
in
our
included
access
full
text,
primary
articles,
relevant
or
focus
(i.e.,
not
human
studies).
Ninety‐two
articles
met
these
criteria.
We
summarized
contexts,
testing
procedures
(including
species
sample
size),
analytical
approach,
claimed
traits
(activity,
aggression,
boldness,
exploration,
sociability),
each
report's
key
findings
conservation‐focused
suggestions.
providing
evidence
repeatability
behavior
is
crucial
studies,
quantification
was
implemented
only
half
reports.
Nonetheless,
5
were
investigated
some
extent
range
conservations
contexts.
The
most
robust
field
showed
variance
how
relates
other
ecologically
important
variables
across
Moreover,
many
first
attempts
at
using
purposes
given
study
system.
Overall,
it
appears
fully
realized
tool
apply
problems,
suggest
researchers
think
about
where
individual
differences
affect
outcomes
their
system,
assess
there
are
opportunities
repeated
measures,
follow
current
methodological
guides
on
quantifying
Individual
differences
in
personality
types
within
the
same
species
have
been
studied
much
less
than
between
and
populations.
Personality
are
related
to
risk-taking
exploration,
which
turn
correlate
with
individuals'
daily
responses,
decisions,
fitness.
Bold
shy
can
different
advantages
disadvantages
under
social
or
environmental
pressures.
Analyzing
has
helped
clarify
how
elk
habituate
a
well-populated
area
management
strategies
be
adapted
them.
For
wolves
newly
repatriated
Colorado,
individual
factors
likely
prove
important
for
adapting
their
new
homes
as
well
needs
of
people
cohabiting
Animal
human
need
investigated
jointly
long-term
success
conservation
initiatives.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025
Abstract
Studies
on
animal
temperaments
(consistent
differences
in
behaviors
across
contexts)
and
behavioral
syndromes
(suites
of
correlated
have
surged
recent
decades.
Accordingly,
ecologists
gained
greater
appreciation
for
their
evolutionary
role
significance.
Yet,
despite
importance
as
potential
drivers,
research
focused
temperament
shaping
hybridization
events
is
vastly
understudied.
Case
studies
shown
that
has
multiple
effects
these
phenomena,
such
eliminating
present
parental
lineages
generating
novel
within
hybrids.
Here,
we
assessed
a
naturally
occurring
rattlesnake
hybrid
zone
(
Crotalus
scutulatus
×
viridis
).
We
used
laboratory
assays
to
quantify
defensive
explorative
behaviors,
tested
whether
traits
were
with
spatial
hunting
free-ranging
individuals.
C.
was
more
significantly
prone
rattle
than
during
handling
tests.
Similarly,
individuals
had
proportion
genome
derived
from
also
rattle.
Parental
snakes
exhibited
varying
defensiveness
exploratory
yet
further
necessary
determine
they
impact
fitness
by
creating
mismatches
between
predation
pressures
under
natural
conditions.
Environmental Pollution,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 126220 - 126220
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Exposure
to
microplastics
(MPs)
i.e.,
plastic
fragments
between
1
μm
and
mm
in
diameter
causing
growing
concern
for
wildlife
humanity.
It
is
now
evident
that
MPs
can
accumulate
soil,
freshwater,
seawater
the
atmosphere;
thus,
living
organisms
are
directly
or
indirectly
exposed
these
significant
ecological
stressors
globally.
Studies
on
physiological
effects
of
emerging,
yet,
date,
only
a
handful
studies
with
special
focus
how
affect
animal
behaviour
available,
there
even
less
research
different
components
among-
within-individual
behavioural
variation
affected
by
MPs.
The
main
goal
this
study
was
investigate
prolonged
exposure
(6
weeks)
10
spherical
polystyrene
food
(24.85
particles/mg)
influences
individual
risk-taking
widespread
decomposer,
common
pill
bug
Armadillidium
vulgare.
Our
results
indicate
strong
MP
effect
levels
variation:
(i)
mean
increased,
while
(ii)
correlation
residual
emerged
(risk-takers
became
predictable)
treated
group.
These
findings
underscore
intricate
variation,
potentially
far-reaching
evolutionary
consequences
given
their
pervasive
presence
both
terrestrial
aquatic
ecosystems.
negative
impacts
changes
widespread;
our
study,
may
increase
susceptibility
A.
vulgare
predation,
contributing
population
decline.
