Personalideer: A comprehensive review of personality studies in cervids

European Journal of Personality, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Understanding animal personality, that is, consistent behavioural variation among individuals, is essential for elucidating the evolutionary origins of human personality. Despite extensive research on personality in diverse taxa, its significance deer (i.e. cervids, family Cervidae), a taxon with socioecological strategies, remains largely unexplored. This review summarizes literature and highlights knowledge gap studied species, assessment methods traits, general goal study, implications research. We identified 32 eligible studies seven species deer, representing only small portion existing taxonomic diversity. More than half articles focused three common roe ( Capreolus capreolus), fallow der Dama dama), elk Cervus canadensis). Most evaluated reactions to capture, handling, approaching humans, interpreting these behaviours as ‘Boldness’ or ‘Coping style’. Also, most investigated links ecological variables, followed by physiological measures, management applications. advise researchers move beyond measuring single traits adopt multitrait–multimethod approach, Finally, other models might be viable alternatives studying adaptive value genetic environmental underpinnings when humans complicated.

Язык: Английский

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Sex and age differences in the preference for materials for the communal nests of sociable weavers Philetairus socius

Ethology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 130(8)

Опубликована: Май 18, 2024

Abstract Many animals build structures that are used for shelter, reproduction or to capture prey. The type of material these is likely influence their solidity, thermoregulation capacity and, in some species, may the attractiveness builders. In case animal nests, evidence preference nesting has been documented several species but, date, few field experiments have conducted, and it was seldom investigated whether individuals' attributes affected those preferences. We preferences relation individual on sociable weavers ( Philetairus socius ) communally one largest known nest structures, using dry grass. conducted an experiment where we presented two piles straws, long short, wild individuals. recorded 900 h video a deep learning method automatically detect images birds were present (266 colour‐ringed individuals). Our results showed males picked more straws than females longer while no found females. addition, older compared younger males. Finally, displayed higher repeatability straws. conclusion, show choice not random, associated with attributes. Future studies should assess how building social status, mating reproductive success individuals building, investigate which factors could shaped evolution

Язык: Английский

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Dynamics of male African elephant character durability across time and social contexts

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 26, 2024

Post-dispersal male African elephants (Loxodonta africana) live within complex social networks. To quantify the durability of elephant character (or personality) these networks, we employed behavioral repeatability analysis tools across and environmental contexts. We collected data from thirty-four individually-identified at same waterhole over five field seasons (2007-2011) in Etosha National Park, Namibia. Using models to assess ten categories, found behaviors (affiliation, aggression, dominance, self-directed anxious, comfort) that were consistent individual level. Interestingly, some also significantly repeatable, depending on context. In particular, presence younger males a keystone (i.e., most dominant socially-integrated during our study period) had biggest impact adult behaviors. Surprisingly, musth little impact. Finally, individuals more alike their overall profiles than older males, further supporting hypothesis develop unique, yet socially-flexible types as they age. These results demonstrate possess distinct traits are behaviorally adaptable, Overall, research uncovers complexity individuality dynamics can be leveraged improve in-situ ex-situ management conservation decisions for species.

Язык: Английский

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Intrapopulation variation in boldness differs while average boldness is similar across populations of a widespread turtle

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 78(6)

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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PRECOMMENTARY: Animal personality needs animal sentience

Animal Sentience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(34)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

We are grateful to Owens, Bryja & Bekoff (2024) for their important discussion of individual differences in animals, emphasizing the role personality conservation, wildlife research, and wellbeing. But emphasis also raises new challenges: How should we conceive nonhuman species? what modern tools could be leveraged best measure it? and, perhaps most all: how can ensure that conscious experience animals — capacity wellbeing suffering is not forgotten along way? touch on each these challenges this invited Precommentary hope they will taken up by other commentators.

Язык: Английский

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Bibliometric investigation of the integration of animal personality in conservation contexts

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(2)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022

Consistent individual differences in behavior, commonly termed animal personality, are a widespread phenomenon across taxa that have important consequences for fitness, natural selection, and trophic interactions. Animal personality research may prove useful several conservation contexts, but which contexts remains to be determined. We conducted structured literature review of 654 studies identified by combining search terms various subfields. scored the relevance issues each study identify meaningfully integrated 2 fields as opposed surface-level connections or vague allusions. found taxonomic bias toward mammals (29% all studies). Very few amphibian reptile applied (6% each). Climate change (21%), invasive species (15%), captive breeding reintroduction (13%) were most abundant subfields occurred our search, though substantial proportion these papers weakly (climate 54%, 51%, 40%). Based on results, we recommend researchers strive consistent broadly applicable terminology when describing behavioral minimize confusion improve searchability research. gaps appear promising fruitful avenues future research, such disease transmission function sociability exploration driver space use protected areas. Practitioners can begin informing efforts with knowledge gained from research.Investigación bibliométrica sobre la integración de personalidad los contextos conservación Resumen Las diferencias individuales y constantes en el comportamiento, comúnmente llamadas animal, son un fenómeno generalizado taxones con consecuencias importantes para aptitud, selección e interacciones tróficas. investigaciones pueden ser útiles varios conservación, aunque falta determinar cuáles estos contextos. Realizamos una revisión literaria estructurada estudios identificados mediante combinación términos búsqueda subcampos conservación. Puntuamos relevancia temas cada estudio identificar integraron significativamente ambos campos, contrario las conexiones nivel superficial o alusiones vagas. Descubrimos sesgo taxonómico por mamíferos todos estudios). Pocos enfocados anfibios reptiles aplicaron uno). El cambio climático especies invasoras (15%) reproducción cautiverio reintroducciones fueron más abundantes que aparecieron nuestra búsqueda, proporción significativa artículos muy poco (cambio Con base nuestros resultados, recomendamos investigadores procuren tener terminologías consistentes aplicación generalizada cuando describan conductuales así minimizar confusiones facilitar durante investigación. Identificamos vacíos literatura prometen vías fructíferas futuro, como transmisión enfermedades función sociable exploración impulsor del uso espacio áreas protegidas. Los practicantes comenzar guiar siguientes esfuerzos conocimiento obtenido animal.个体在行为上一致的差异, 通常被称为动物个性, 这是一种跨类群的普遍现象, 对适合度、自然选择和营养级互作有重要影响。在一些保护背景下, 动物个性研究可能是有用的, 但仍有待确定具体的保护背景。我们通过结合动物个性和各种保护子领域的搜索词, 确定了654项相关研究, 并进行了结构化的文献综述。我们对每项研究中动物个性和保护问题的相关性进行打分, 以确定哪些研究有意义地整合了这两个领域, 而不只是表面的联系或模糊的暗示。我们发现, 这些研究在类群上偏向哺乳动物(占所有研究的29%)。很少有两栖动物或爬行动物研究将动物个性应用于保护问题(各占6%)。气候变化(21%)、入侵物种(15%)、圈养繁殖与重引入(13%)是搜索结果中最常见的保护子领域, 尽管其中相当一部分论文中保护和动物个性的联系很弱(气候变化54%, 入侵物种51%, 圈养繁殖与重引入40%)。基于我们的结果, 我们建议研究人员在描述一致的行为差异时, 尽量采用一致的、广泛适用的术语, 以减少混淆, 并提高研究的可搜索性。我们还确定了几项研究空缺, 可能是未来进行有希望和有成果的研究的机遇, 如基于社会性的疾病传播或以探索为驱动力的保护区空间利用。保护实践者可以开始将动物个性研究中获得的知识用于指导未来的保护工作。【翻译:胡怡思;审校:聂永刚】.

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Personally rattled: a unique protocol to support the presence of personality and behavioral syndromes in rattlesnakes

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 77(10)

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Moving beyond defining animal personality traits: The importance of behavioural correlations and plasticity for conservation translocation success

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 49, С. e02784 - e02784

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023

Translocations using captive-reared and wild-caught animals are important widely used conservation tools to boost dwindling endangered populations for maintaining biodiversity, but still suffer high failure rates. Animal personality, defined as consistent inter-individual differences in behaviour, can have a critical influence on individual fitness population dynamics. Many translocations could benefit by selecting individuals with certain personality traits, the importance of 'founders' is often not considered. The link between behavioural assessments improving translocation success therefore needs further investigation demonstrate that adopting assays worthwhile feasible. Too few studies considered effect captive-rearing or novel release-site conditions changes pre-release structural characteristics, including such between-trait (i.e., syndromes) within-trait correlations personality-plasticity correlations) among individuals. Considering appropriate structures usually serve immediate adaptive responses environmental uncertainty, we suggest loss may give partial explanation why unfamiliar environment post-release mortality We call more comprehensive trait evaluate potential negative effects structure induced captive rearing an unfamiliarity future studies. several specific measures help reform during form part feasibility stages translocations.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating the role of caretaker‐rated personality traits for reproductive outcomes in a highly endangered Hawaiian corvid

Animal Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(4), С. 554 - 565

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract Personality studies are increasingly relevant and applicable to a broad range of conservation issues, including role for selecting compatible mates in breeding programs (CBPs). Choosing pairs is essential maximizing reproductive success CBPs, which provide assurance populations species facing extinction candidates translocation support wild populations. We investigated the value caretaker‐assessed personality ratings critically endangered ‘Alalā (Hawaiian Crow, Corvus hawaiiensis ) predicting outcomes: nest quality, fertile egg production, hatchability CBP. Caretakers used well‐defined operational definitions rate 22 traits 69 male 59 female ‘Alalā, achieving high inter‐rater agreement (ICC ≥ 0.85) 8 – aggressive, bold/fearless, fearful, imprinted/abnormal, inept, submissive, territorial, tendency feather pluck (a stereotypic behavior) principal components analysis distill intercorrelated variables into three components. While we did not find that influences quality or (based on limiting inferences fixed effects with relative importance scores; ≥0.8), found some evidence males were more territorial/aggressive fearful than their had higher probability fertilization, but there was substantial variability this relationship, confidence intervals overlapping zero. These may influence pair dynamics, enhancing compatibility, predict better coordination nest, both. Our results highlight ability caretakers successfully identify integrating pairing process; however, further research needed understand as mate selection tool. The application similar approaches enhance CBP performance other taxa promising, will require overcoming methodological challenges surrounding complexity data collection interpretation consistency among raters.

Язык: Английский

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Identifying personality traits and behavioural syndromes in a threatened freshwater fish (Nannoperca vittata) through comparative analysis with a model species (Poecilia reticulata): Implications for conservation

Ecology Of Freshwater Fish, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024

Abstract Animal personalities are differences in behaviour among individuals of the same species that consistent over time and contexts. The integration animal personality into conservation actions is hampered by limited understanding traits non‐model organisms. We estimated repeatabilities correlations between behaviours Nannoperca vittata (western pygmy perch), a threatened freshwater fish endemic to south‐western Australia, and, for comparative purposes, Poecilia reticulata (guppy), frequently used research. Each was measured four times each seven behavioural variables, presumed reflect five underlying traits. Track length (TL) as measure activity; spent risky zone (RZ) emergence (ET) boldness; latency approach novel object (LA) close (TS) exploration; mirror (CV) sociability number attacks at (AT) aggression. Four variables (TL, RZ, ET CV) were significantly repeatable N. also P. reticulata. There lack concordance phenotypic among‐individual both species, emphasising importance partitioning trait covariances infer syndromes. Significant found activity, boldness , with proactive‐reactive axis, but not . Personality variation should be considered particularly respect unintended consequences domestication selection captive breeding release.

Язык: Английский

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