Conservation Genetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Abstract Genetic diversity is critical for adaptation in response to changing environments and provides a valuable metric predicting species’ extinction risk. The International Union Conservation of Nature (IUCN) broader scientific community have acknowledged that genetic component biodiversity conservation. However, there remain gaps the incorporation or application data risk assessments. Here, we describe how metrics can inform species Specifically, focus on information gained from metrics, temporal reporting changes complement existing IUCN Red List Threatened Species criteria. We conclude by advocating standardized sequence calculated facilitate use threat assessments List-assessed species. This perspective highlights need for, step towards, integration into expect our recommendations will ongoing work Survival Commission’s Genetics Specialist Group protect globally.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1The Idiot's Guide to Effective Population Size
Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025
This is a reference manual for the elegant, yet hideously complex concept of effective population size (Ne), inspired by classic, self-published automotive repair 'for compleat idiot'. The Guide timely, given recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, where 196 Parties committed to tracking genetic diversity-and estimating Ne-for all species. Ne human construct, but useful one that allows us capture diverse aspects an organism's biology in single number. collates location factual information about size, with focus on topics practical relevance scientists and managers studying real populations; it covers definition, computation estimation both demographically genetically. As appropriate, reader directed other primary sources more details. A 'Don't Do These Things' section lists several ill-advised approaches dealing Ne, Appendix provides tools suggestions interested users. special considers possibilities challenges presented genomics revolution. Availability vast numbers markers increases precision, less than some might think, simultaneously introduces new involving filtering bioinformatics processing. annotated genomes become common non-model species, opportunities are opened address qualitatively different questions, including reconstructing historical changes through time.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Application of a biological trait‐based framework for plant species conservation assessments in ecological restoration
Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
The United Kingdom is one of the most nature‐depleted countries in world, with only 50% its native biodiversity remaining, leading to an overall decline U.K. ecosystems and genetic diversity. Genetic diversity essential for evolutionary processes, including drift, gene flow, selection, mutation, as it provides raw material populations respond adaptively changing environments. Although recognized a form biodiversity, often overlooked conservation programs due lack data difficulties generating it. We have devised framework that utilizes life‐history alternative infer population genetics parameters are used inform recommendations. Our combines approaches incorporating risk assessments predicting species based on combination specific biological trait values management recommendations ensure Here, we apply our assessment 52 or archaeophyte plant ecological restoration interest. found assessed least likely require were line Red List Least Concern species. While aligns categories, extends beyond threat classification by providing targeted In absence data, this proved be very informative practitioners. However, further species‐specific analysis still needed confirm results study provide robust
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Conservation macrogenetics: harnessing genetic data to meet conservation commitments
Trends in Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 39(11), С. 816 - 829
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
18Global determinants of insect mitochondrial genetic diversity
Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023
Understanding global patterns of genetic diversity is essential for describing, monitoring, and preserving life on Earth. To date, efforts to map macrogenetic have been restricted vertebrates, which comprise only a small fraction Earth's biodiversity. Here, we construct predicted insect mitochondrial from cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequences, derived open data. We calculate the mean evenness assemblages across globe, identify their environmental correlates, make predictions levels in unsampled areas based Using large single-locus dataset over 2 million globally distributed georeferenced mtDNA find that follows quadratic latitudinal gradient peaking subtropics. Both positively correlate with seasonally hot temperatures, as well climate stability since last glacial maximum. Our models explain 27.9% 24.0% observed variation insects, respectively, making an important step towards understanding biodiversity most diverse animal taxon.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
18Demography and environment modulate the effects of genetic diversity on extinction risk in a butterfly metapopulation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(33)
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024
Linking genetic diversity to extinction is a common goal in genomic studies. Recently, debate has arisen regarding the importance of variation conservation as some studies have failed find associations between genome-wide and risk. However, only rarely are fitness measured together wild, typically demographic history environment ignored. It therefore difficult infer whether lack an association real or obscured by confounding factors. To address these shortcomings, we analyzed data from 7,501 individuals with 279 meadows mortality 1,742 larval nests butterfly metapopulation. We found strong negative when considering heterozygosity models. this disappeared accounting for ecological covariates, suggesting demography genetics more complex role Modeling interactions variables revealed that were context-dependent. For example, declined increasing large, but not currently small populations, although heterozygosity, extinction, detected populations recent decline. conclude low important predictor predicting >25% increase beyond factors certain contexts. These results highlight inferences about population viability should rely on alone require investments obtaining environmental natural populations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List does not account for intraspecific diversity
ICES Journal of Marine Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 81(5), С. 815 - 822
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024
Abstract The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List identifies threatened and endangered species is a key instrument in global biodiversity conservation efforts. Our understanding the structure value genetic below level rapidly increasing. Nonetheless, IUCN assessment criteria overlook variation within species. Here, we address this blind spot discuss principles status classification relative to intraspecific biodiversity. We focus on coastal species, which thrive heterogeneous environments known drive differentiation. focal example Atlantic cod sugar kelp, have contrasting life histories, are ecologically economically important constituents ecosystem, currently not classified as Norway Canada. expose population structure, presence ecotypes genetic-environment covariation, well loss that threatens these Because makeup directly influences their resilience, omitting information from assessments can result adaptive capacity future stressors, such climate change. Consequently, recognizing preserving emerges vital species’ abilities adapt survive ocean conditions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7Conserving Evolutionary Potential: Combining Landscape Genomics with Established Methods to Inform Plant Conservation
Annual Review of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 75(1), С. 707 - 736
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024
Biodiversity conservation requires conserving evolutionary potential-the capacity for wild populations to adapt. Understanding genetic diversity and dynamics is critical informing decisions that enhance adaptability persistence under environmental change. We review how emerging landscape genomic methods provide plant programs with insights into dynamics, including local adaptation its drivers. Landscape approaches explore relationships between variation environments complement rather than replace established population common garden assessing adaptive phenotypic variation, structure, gene flow, demography. Collectively, these inform actions, rescue, maladaptation prediction, assisted flow. The greatest on-the-ground impacts from such studies will be realized when practitioners are actively engaged in research monitoring. the shaping of species an uncertain future.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5Genomic Diversity as a Key Conservation Criterion: Proof‐of‐Concept From Mammalian Whole‐Genome Resequencing Data
Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(9)
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT Many international, national, state, and local organizations prioritize the ranking of threatened endangered species to help direct conservation efforts. For example, International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) assesses Green Status publishes influential Red List species. Unfortunately, such yardsticks do not explicitly consider genetic or genomic diversity (GD), even though GD is positively associated with contemporary evolutionary fitness, individual viability, future potential. To test whether populations genome sequences could improve assessments, we estimated metrics from 82 publicly available mammalian datasets examined their statistical association attributes related conservation. We also considered intrinsic biological factors, including trophic level body mass, that impact quantified relative influences. Our results identify key population are both reflective predictive IUCN categories. Specifically, our analyses revealed Watterson's theta (the mutation rate) autozygosity (a product inbreeding) current categorization, likely because demographic declines lead “listing” decisions reduce levels standing variation. argue by virtue this relationship, like leverage emerging sequence data categorize threat rankings (especially in otherwise data‐deficient species) and/or enhance assessments establish a baseline monitoring. Thus, paper (1) outlines theoretical empirical justification new GD‐based assessment criterion, (2) provides bioinformatic pipeline estimating data, (3) suggests an analytical framework can be used measure while providing quantitative context consideration authorities.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5Structural genomic variation in the inbred Scandinavian wolf population contributes to the realized genetic load but is positively affected by immigration
Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
When populations decrease in size and may become isolated, genomic erosion by loss of diversity from genetic drift accumulation deleterious mutations is likely an inevitable consequence. In such cases, immigration (genetic rescue) necessary to restore levels counteract inbreeding depression. Recent work conservation genomics has studied these processes focusing on the single nucleotide polymorphisms. contrast, our knowledge about structural variation (insertions, deletions, duplications inversions) endangered species limited. We analysed whole-genome, short-read sequences 212 wolves inbred Scandinavian population neighbouring Finland Russia, detected >35,000 variants (SVs) after stringent quality genotype frequency filtering; >26,000 high-confidence remained manual curation. The majority were shorter than 1 kb, with a distinct peak length distribution deletions at 190 bp, corresponding insertion events SINE/tRNA-Lys elements. site spectrum SVs protein-coding regions was significantly shifted towards rare alleles compared putatively neutral variants, consistent purifying selection. realized load increased population, but provided rescue effect lowering reintroducing ancestral loci fixed for derived SVs. Our study shows that comprises common type part establishing gene flow mitigate negative consequences diversity.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
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