Current approaches and future opportunities for climate-smart protected areas

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Decadal decline of functional diversity despite increasing taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of coral reefs under chronic urbanisation stress

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 164, С. 112143 - 112143

Опубликована: Май 20, 2024

Coral reefs provide a multitude of ecosystem functions owing to the high levels biodiversity they host. species, as foundation shallow-water reefs, differ in their contributions toward functioning due part disparate phylogenetic histories scleractinian lineages. Understanding spatial patterns and temporal trajectories these facets, well interrelationships, is critical for more targeted conservation strategies face widespread habitat degradation climate change. Here, we analyse long-term benthic data spanning 1986 through 2020 on coral Singapore, which have been impacted by decades urbanisation-related thermal stressors, test differences between facets—specifically, taxonomic, (evolutionary relatedness species), functional (occupancy trait space) richness diversity. Analyses show that taxonomic diversity measures increased over 35-year period despite declines during major bleaching events. Yet, while increased, declined same period. Community-weighted indicate shift towards dominance stress-tolerant traits such slower growth rates, smaller corallite sizes, massive colony forms. Together, trends highlight effects chronic urban stressors alongside events impacting reef assemblages. Critically, assemblage shifts were masked increasing diversity, most commonly assessed, could erode resilience. The decoupling facets examined here underscore need comprehensive monitoring combination trait-based approaches traditional field surveys at finer resolution.

Язык: Английский

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Low optimal fisheries yield creates challenges for sustainability in a climate refugia

Conservation Science and Practice, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(12)

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

Abstract Reducing resource depletion and promoting ecosystem‐based management are considered key climate change adaptation policies. Therefore, the status of an identified refugia in a semi‐enclosed bay on Kenya–Tanzania border was evaluated for sustainability. Both fisheries stock catch assessment methods found low production excess effort. Stock recovery closures (up to 45 years) determined best‐fit r K values, which established maximum sustainable (MSY) 2.98 ± 0.45 (SEM) tons/km 2 /year. estimates bays' fishing grounds indicated that biomass below MSY predicted produce 1.8 1.0 or 1.1 ton/km /year optimal MSY. However, landed fish at five studied villages varied greatly from 0.22 2.9 therefore considerably lower than nearby ocean‐exposed locations, has been estimated 5–7 modest capture rates will be required allow needed achieve sustainability restore refugia's ecology. The highest stocks near‐MSY yields were captured national reserve. broader implementation reserve's gear‐restriction policies should fisheries. High spatial variability yield patterns indicate interactions between management, compliance, trade connections, governance. In refugia, reducing cumulative impacts require knowing managing limits.

Язык: Английский

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Variable photosystem II thermal stress responses of reef-building corals Pocillopora indiania and Heliopora coerulea across latitudes from the Mascarene Plateau, Indian Ocean

Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 105467 - 105467

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Local heterogeneity of coral reef diversity and environmental stress provides opportunities for small‐scale conservation

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(11), С. 1324 - 1340

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2023

Abstract Aim Strong social‐ecological trade‐offs between resource extraction and protection have created challenges for large, protected area management in natural resource‐dependent countries. Therefore, local governments community conservation activities are becoming common information about low environmental exposure high biodiversity can provide planning localized activities. Location The western Indian Ocean. Methods Coral reef sites were evaluated local‐scale species richness to elucidate patterns spatial heterogeneity. Local coral fish taxonomic susceptibility stress normalized partially account heterogenous disturbances cover biomass. Residuals of these three response variables geographic specific relationships with 21 using machine learning methods. Results Richness was highly variable at geographies had a double‐peaked shape latitudes. Thirteen the examined selected indicated complex, spatially heterogeneous weak cumulative predictive human influences. For example, each contributed 7% 25% variance but different responses. correlations positive therefore produced patterns. Nevertheless, exhibited some coarse‐scale similarities indicating locations shared attributes potential climate refugia. Shared included depth wave energy, temperature SST skewness, excess heat rate rise. Human influences distance shore, populations cities also Main Conclusions Planning include variability could contribute persistence. From data, Pemba Channel Tanzanian mainland Island, northern Mozambique Madagascar fit refugia characteristics.

Язык: Английский

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Perceptions of preparedness to address climate change threats in the western Indian Ocean

Marine Policy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 162, С. 106055 - 106055

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Examining variations in functional homogeneity in herbivorous coral reef fishes in Pacific Islands experiencing a range of human impacts

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 162, С. 111622 - 111622

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024

Habitat loss from human impacts can lead to functional homogenization, whereby natural communities become less diverse. Herbivorous coral reef fishes display varying specialization and unique roles among closely related taxa, making homogenization relevant ecosystem function. To explore whether the homogeneity of herbivore assemblages correlate with impacts, we combined an index diet a trait matrix fish abundance data for > 3000 sites across Pacific that encompass intact degraded reefs. We determined relative specialized species dissimilarity in assemblage. Assemblage composition varied between islands, regions, population densities, generalist such as Acanthurus nigrofuscus dominating highly populated locations. Spatial patterns variability relationship herbivorous showed local indirect effects. Despite broad variability, diversity decreased consistent hypothesis communities.

Язык: Английский

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Coral restoration: a mapping review through a scientometric analysis

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(7)

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024

Reef restoration has gained attention as it strategic actions and powerful means in sustaining maintaining coastal ecosystem services. This scientometric study systematically analyzes the current trends research hotspot coral across last five decades (1971–2022). The metadata (12,667 articles with 652,860 cited references) were obtained from Clarivate Web of Science platform through Core Collection database, associated CiteSpace R‐software for further analysis. results indicated that trend is increasing paper/year, United States, Australia, China major contributors to related research. Furthermore, James Cook University, Australia had largest number articles, Consortium Research Libraries Kingdom was most influential institution on restoration. highly keywords are “Great Barrier Reef,” “climate change,” “coral reef,” while “coral,” “model,” “Atlantic.” A total 23 clusters field “phase shift,” “bacterial communities,” restoration,” “symbiotic dinoflagellate,” “stony tissue loss disease,” “bleaching event,” “ocean acidification,” “oyster “quantitative reconstruction” among top cluster size labeled. Early‐stage researcher may use both analysis find topics attractive their future projects. In addition, this contributes toward evaluating recent scientific productivity about well informing researchers policymakers regarding funding, planning, potential collaboration opportunities.

Язык: Английский

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Marine spatial planning to enhance coral adaptive potential

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Abstract Ocean warming interacts with local stressors to negatively affect coral reefs. The adaptive capacity of reefs survive these is driven by ecological and evolutionary processes occurring at multiple spatial scales. Marine protected area (MPA) networks are one solution that can address both regional threats, yet the impacts MPA network design on remains unclear. In this paper, we used an eco-evolutionary model simulate hypothetical configurations in Caribbean, Southwest Pacific Coral Triangle under projected warming. We found protecting thermal refugia (i.e., cooler reefs) largely benefited corals inside while other declined. contrast, a diverse habitat portfolio led increased cover outside network. then quantified connectivity representations existing across each region. Most strikingly, current approximately 2 °C than networks, Caribbean’s 1 warmer network, based mean temperatures from 2008-2018. These results suggest Caribbean poised protect sources warm-adapted larvae but not destinations, opposite true Triangle. Our 1) sites particular temperature characteristics, marine planning may alter enhance or inhibit reef 2) distribution, extent, effectiveness interventions have potential distributions beyond what would be expected benefits alone, due potentially wide-reaching effects larval dispersal gene flow.

Язык: Английский

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Scleractinian Corals at Their Subtropical Southwestern Atlantic Limit: Post‐2019 Mass Bleaching Event Analysis

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Thermal anomalies caused by climate change have emerged as a major threat to reef ecosystems globally. While the effects of warming oceans been extensively investigated in tropical reefs, its on subtropical where coral diversity is lower, remain largely unstudied. We analysed spatial distribution, mean cover and health status scleractinian corals rocky reefs Alcatrazes Archipelago, no‐take marine protected area located 30 km off coast São Paulo state, Brazil (24° S). Data were collected before (2018) after (2022) most intense heatwave ever recorded region, 2019, using either fixed or random photoquadrats. Five follows: The zooxanthellate massive species Mussismilia hispida Madracis decactis , azooxanthellate solitary Astrangia spp. Coenocyathus sebroecki invasive sun Tubastraea M. abundant species, particularly sheltered sites, while C. less only exposed side island. In single site colonies prevailed, other nearly absent. Both exhibited resilience 2019's bleaching event, with their abundance remaining almost same 2022. Our findings add evidences emerging idea that southwestern Atlantic may serve refuges during future thermal anomalies, highlighting importance monitoring these context changing habitats driven oceans.

Язык: Английский

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