People need freshwater biodiversity

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

Abstract Freshwater biodiversity, from fish to frogs and microbes macrophytes, provides a vast array of services people. Mounting concerns focus on the accelerating pace biodiversity loss declining ecological function within freshwater ecosystems that continue threaten these natural benefits. Here, we catalog nine fundamental ecosystem biotic components indigenous provide people, organized into three categories: material (food; health genetic resources; goods), non‐material (culture; education science; recreation), regulating (catchment integrity; climate regulation; water purification nutrient cycling). If is protected, conserved, restored in an integrated manner, as well more broadly appreciated by humanity, it will contribute human well‐being our sustainable future via this wide range associated nature‐based solutions future. This article categorized under: Human Water > Value Life Nature Ecosystems Science Environmental Change

Язык: Английский

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Threats, challenges and sustainable conservation strategies for freshwater biodiversity

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 214, С. 113808 - 113808

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Restoring Rivers and Floodplains for Habitat and Flood Risk Reduction: Experiences in Multi-Benefit Floodplain Management From California and Germany

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Март 16, 2022

Conventional flood control has emphasized structural measures such as levees, reservoirs, and engineered channels—measures that typically simplify river channels cut them off from their floodplain, both with adverse environmental consequences. Structural tend to be rigid not easily adapted increased flooding regimes resulting change. Such actions also limit the natural hydrologic benefits of floodplains storing floodwaters, improving water quality, providing habitat for invertebrates fish during periods inundation, supporting a multitude cultural services. As these are more widely recognized, policies being adopted encourage projects reduce risks restore floodplain ecosystems, while acknowledging social-ecological context. The number projects, however, remains small. We assessed four multi-benefit (two in California, United States, two Germany) characterized drivers, history, implemented. In States cases, dominant driver behind project was risk reduction, ecosystem restoration followed, one case inadvertently, other requirement receive subsidy reduction project. One German motivated by restoration, but it accepted because offered management benefits. fourth conceived terms balanced goals recreation. conclude ecosystems clearly possible often cost-effective, they could principal barriers institutional regulatory, rather than technical.

Язык: Английский

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Fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages reveal extensive degradation of the world's rivers

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(2), С. 355 - 374

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2022

Rivers suffer from multiple stressors acting simultaneously on their biota, but the consequences are poorly quantified at global scale. We evaluated biological condition of rivers globally, including largest proportion countries Global South published to date. gathered macroinvertebrate- and fish-based assessments 72,275 37,676 sites, respectively, 64 study regions across six continents 45 nations. Because were based differing methods, different systems consolidated into a 3-class system: Good, Impaired, or Severely following common guidelines. The sites in each class by area was calculated region assigned Köppen-Geiger climate type, Human Footprint score (addressing landscape alterations), Development Index (HDI) social welfare), % with good ambient water quality, protected freshwater key biodiversity areas; forest net change rate. found that 50% macroinvertebrate 42% fish Good condition, whereas 21% 29% respectively. poorest conditions occurred Arid Equatorial climates best Snow climates. Impaired associated (Pearson correlation coefficient) higher HDI scores, poorer physico-chemical lower proportions areas. quality increased forested It is essential implement statutory bioassessment programs Asian, African, American countries, continue them Oceania, Europe, North America. There need invest fish, as there less information globally strong indicators degradation. Our highlights increase extent number river catchments, preserve restore natural areas treat wastewater discharges, improve connectivity.

Язык: Английский

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Reviving Europe's rivers: Seven challenges in the implementation of the Nature Restoration Law to restore free‐flowing rivers

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Abstract The EU Nature Restoration Law represents an important opportunity for freshwater habitat restoration and, consequently, biodiversity protection. However, a number of challenges must be anticipated in its implementation, which may compromise success. Some aspects, particularly those relating to ecosystems, require more clarification. We use riverine ecosystems illustrate existing ambiguities the proposed legislation and potential consequences leaving these aspects open interpretation during implementation process. also discuss solutions problems could help ensure that law's objectives are met. argue river network structure connectivity dimensions, result into meta‐ecosystems, explicitly considered. For purpose, we ask clear definitions critical terms “free‐flowing rivers,” “barriers,” “reference areas.” In addition, recommend developing methods integrated assessment across networks. As key property this used prioritize actions increase length free‐flowing rivers. Adequate planning at larger spatial scales will benefit from meta‐ecosystem perspective accurate representation aquatic‐terrestrial linkages, significantly improve efficacy efforts. Furthermore, stakeholder citizen engagement offer opportunities local, national, European scales, should fostered inclusive decision‐making. conservation outlined here rivers, but they have implications other ecosystems. These considerations useful policymakers, conservationists, stakeholders involved related policy initiatives. This article is categorized under: Water Life > Stresses Pressures on Ecosystems Conservation, Management, Awareness Human Governance

Язык: Английский

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Challenges and opportunities in the use of ponds and pondscapes as Nature-based Solutions

Hydrobiologia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 850(15), С. 3257 - 3271

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023

Abstract Ponds and “pondscapes” (networks of ponds) are crucial habitats for biodiversity delivering multiple benefits to humans, so-called “Nature’s Contribution People”, such as climate mitigation adaptation change, creation, maintenance habitat biodiversity, water purification, flood cultural (e.g., recreational possibilities). However, ponds not often considered Nature-based Solutions provide all these benefits. In addition, there is insufficient knowledge on how manage restore maximise their role increase the resilience ecosystems society change. To facilitate improved implementation delivery a wide range Nature Contributions People, it important generate integrate ecosystems, societal, economic policy knowledge. Hence, need evidence-based guidance support broader use ponds. Here, we review pondscapes in Nature’s People an overview challenges opportunities Solutions. Finally, propose conceptual framework that can help pond Solutions, outlines future research needs.

Язык: Английский

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Freshwater fungal biology

Mycosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1), С. 195 - 413

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Research into freshwater fungi has generated a wealth of information over the past decades with various published articles, i.e., reviews, books, and monographs.With advancement methodologies used in fungal research, numerous mycologists working on this ecological group, our knowledge progress understanding fungi, including novel discoveries new insights ecology advanced.With enormous progress, it is timely that an updated account be compiled one volume.Thus, to give comprehensive overview different facets biology.It includes classification scheme based latest taxonomic phylogenetic analysis taxa, their evolutionary history.The biology, diversity, geographical distribution higher basal are also discussed entries.A section dispersal adaptation filamentous included present work.The importance role breakdown wood habitats, physiology, detail.The biotechnological potential as producers bioactive metabolites reviewed, antimicrobial drug discovery.The volume provides high throughput sequencing (HTS) platforms for research highlighting advantages challenges, recent studies HTS identification quantification communities habitats.The identifies gaps direction future fungi.

Язык: Английский

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The potential for nature-based solutions to combat the freshwater biodiversity crisis

PLOS Water, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(6), С. e0000126 - e0000126

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023

Enthusiasm for and investments in nature-based solutions (NBS) as sustainable strategies climate adaptation infrastructure development is building among governments, the scientific community, engineering practitioners. This particularly true water security water-related risks. In a freshwater context, NBS may provide much-needed “win-wins” society environment that could benefit imperiled biodiversity. Such conservation benefits are urgently needed given ongoing biodiversity crisis, with declines species their habitats occurring at more than twice rate of marine or terrestrial systems. However, to make meaningful contributions safeguarding biodiversity, clear links must be established between applications priorities conservation. this paper, we link common six priority actions life by science n highlight research knowledge will necessary bring bear on crisis. particular, illustrate how can play direct role restoring degraded aquatic floodplain ecosystems, enhancing in-stream quality, improving hydrological connectivity ecosystems. System-level monitoring ensure deliver promised ecosystems species.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating capabilities of machine learning algorithms for aquatic vegetation classification in temperate wetlands using multi-temporal Sentinel-2 data

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 117, С. 103202 - 103202

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023

Different perspectives use of machine learning (ML) algorithms have proven their performance depends on the quality reference data. This is particularly true when targets are complex environments, such as wetlands, which a vast majority studies site-specific and based single date. With this work, an extensive dataset about 400,000 samples was collected, covering nine different sites multiple seasons, to be considered representative temperate wetland vegetation communities at continental scale. Starting from dataset, selected ML classifiers compared for detailed type mapping, using spectral indices (SI) derived multi-temporal composites Sentinel-2 input. Global per-class accuracy metrics were computed four independent training testing subsets, extracted overall impacts input features variation in number covered assessed. Our results show generally higher predictive power ensemble methods, Random Forest (RF) eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), standalone ones, with notable exception Support Vector Machine (SVM); latter fact, algorithm that scored highest (0.977 ± 0.001) F-score all target classes. Decreasing resulted classification losses, less marked RF than SVM, while showed more stability thus indicating SVM stronger transferability XGBoost.

Язык: Английский

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Shortfalls in our understanding of the causes and consequences of functional and phylogenetic variation of freshwater communities across continents

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 282, С. 110082 - 110082

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023

Freshwater ecosystems harbour a disproportionately high biodiversity relative to their area, being also one of the most threatened ecosystem types worldwide. However, our capacity design evidence-based conservation plans for this realm is restricted by all shortfalls that have been recognized so far. In context, paucity comparable field data and information on traits phylogenies freshwater organisms should be emphasized. Here, we highlight how increased knowledge could gained where aim at in research functional phylogenetic features communities. First, attempts combine datasets from different sources pay careful attention harmonization. Second, more effort focused natural history observations species habitats life histories, providing backbone multi-trait databases. Third, fully resolved would required deciphering evolutionary relationships organisms. Provided these three hurdles can overcome, conducting studies local communities across continental spatial extents pave way mapping functionally important evolutionarily valuable areas habitats.

Язык: Английский

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