Towards the fully automated monitoring of ecological communities

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(12), С. 2753 - 2775

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022

Abstract High‐resolution monitoring is fundamental to understand ecosystems dynamics in an era of global change and biodiversity declines. While real‐time automated abiotic components has been possible for some time, biotic components—for example, individual behaviours traits, species abundance distribution—is far more challenging. Recent technological advancements offer potential solutions achieve this through: (i) increasingly affordable high‐throughput recording hardware, which can collect rich multidimensional data, (ii) accessible artificial intelligence approaches, extract ecological knowledge from large datasets. However, automating the facets communities via such technologies primarily achieved at low spatiotemporal resolutions within limited steps workflow. Here, we review existing data processing that enable communities. We then present novel frameworks combine technologies, forming fully pipelines detect, track, classify count multiple species, record behavioural morphological have previously impossible achieve. Based on these rapidly developing illustrate a solution one greatest challenges ecology: ability generate high‐resolution, standardised across complex ecologies.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence in environmental conservation: evaluating cyber risks and opportunities for sustainable practices

Computer Science & IT Research Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(5), С. 1178 - 1209

Опубликована: Май 21, 2024

This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into environmental conservation efforts, aiming to assess AI's transformative potential in enhancing sustainability practices. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis, research scrutinizes peer-reviewed articles, reports, case studies from 2014 2024, focusing on application AI biodiversity preservation, climate change mitigation, sustainable resource management. The methodology hinges comprehensive search strategy, adhering strict inclusion exclusion criteria ensure relevance quality analyzed. Key findings reveal that significantly contributes by optimizing management, improving predictive analytics for conservation, facilitating advanced monitoring analysis mitigate impacts. However, deployment technologies also presents ethical cybersecurity challenges, necessitating robust frameworks responsible use. underscores importance interdisciplinary collaboration, stakeholder engagement, development solutions address these challenges effectively. Finally, holds immense promise advancing efforts. Strategic recommendations include fostering partnerships across disciplines, prioritizing considerations development, literacy among conservationists. Future directions emphasize need innovative applications addressing socio-technical complexities integrating strategies. valuable insights leveraging resilient future, highlighting critical balance between technological advancements considerations. Keywords: (AI), Environmental Conservation, Sustainability, Cyber Risks.

Язык: Английский

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Harm to Nonhuman Animals from AI: a Systematic Account and Framework

Philosophy & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023

Abstract This paper provides a systematic account of how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies could harm nonhuman animals and explains why animal harms, often neglected in AI ethics, should be better recognised. After giving reasons for caring about outlining the nature harm, interests, wellbeing, develops comprehensive ‘harms framework’ which draws on scientist David Fraser’s influential mapping human activities that impact sentient animals. The harms framework is fleshed out with examples inspired by both scholarly literature media reports. help inform ethical analyses AI’s serve as clear basis development regulation to prevent mitigate nonhumans.

Язык: Английский

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Wildlife in the Digital Anthropocene: Examining human-animal relations through surveillance technologies

Environment and Planning E Nature and Space, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(1), С. 679 - 699

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2021

Digital surveillance technologies enable a range of publics to observe the private lives wild animals. Publics can now encounter wildlife from their smartphones, home computers, and other digital devices. These generate public-wildlife relations that produce intimacy, but also summon into care, commodification, control. Via three case studies, this paper examines biopolitical implications such technologically mediated human-animal relations, which are becoming increasingly common complex in Anthropocene. Each our studies involves different rationale deployed by scientific-managerial regime: (1) clampdown (wild boar); (2) care (golden eagle); (3) control (moose). these modalities biopower, however, is entangled with other, inaugurating between publics, scientists, wildlife. We show how predetermine certain representations encouraging particular gazes, have negative repercussions for both offline spaces. However, there remains work be done understand positive inaugurated mediation. Here, departing much extant literature on we highlight some potentials, notably: voice, immediacy, agency.

Язык: Английский

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Capturing wild animal welfare: a physiological perspective

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 99(1), С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2023

ABSTRACT Affective states, such as emotions, are presumably widespread across the animal kingdom because of adaptive advantages they supposed to confer. However, study affective states animals has thus far been largely restricted enhancing welfare managed by humans in non‐natural contexts. Given diversity wild and variable conditions can experience, extending studies on natural that most experience will allow us broaden deepen our general understanding welfare. Yet, this same makes examining highly challenging. There is therefore a need for unifying theoretical frameworks methodological approaches guide researchers keen engage promising research area. The aim article help advance important area highlighting central relationship between physiology rectify its apparent oversight, revealed current scientific literature animals. Moreover, emphasises including physiological markers assess (e.g. objectivity, comparability, condition range, temporality), well their concomitant limitations only access peripheral with complex relationships states). Best‐practice recommendations replication multifactorial approaches) also provided be used effectively appropriately when assessing habitat. This review seeks provide foundation new distinct vast applied potential: physiology.

Язык: Английский

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Camera trapping in ecology: A new section for wildlife research

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Ecological research is undergoing a substantial transformation. Camera trapping—"capturing" photograph remotely, allowing observation of wildlife separately from the observer—has been around for over century. However, it emerged as substantive mode sampling occurrence only about three decades ago (Kucera & Barrett, 2011; O'Connell et al., 2011) and now rapidly improving innovating, changing face ecology (Burton 2015). With repeated made possible across space time, limited by logistics resources, observations can be gathered analyzed at unprecedented spatial temporal scales. engineering relatively inexpensive camera models that do not require costly support systems (such those needed satellite telemetry), traps also serve to democratize research. trapping has consequently spread global south developing countries (Agha 2018; Cremonesi 2021; Galindo-Aguilar 2022). Many private citizens run their own traps; networking these citizen scientists have yielded great insights will continue so (McShea 2016). are being employed Indigenous peoples ask questions on traditional territories (Artelle Fisher 2021), an important step towards meeting principles United Nations Declaration Rights Peoples (Gilbert, 2007). Camera-trap spans ecological hierarchy, with applications animal behavior (Caravaggi 2017, 2020) such diel activity (Frey 2017; Rowcliffe 2014), populations (Bischof 2020; Gardner 2010), species' distributions (Rich Tobler 2015), communities (Ahumada Wittische 2021). adequate inferential logic analysis, more complex processes species interactions discerned (Beirne Clare 2016; Niedballa 2019). The field rich planting seeds new ideas. In fact, though largely used mammals, expanding taxonomically include vegetation (Seyednasrollah 2019; Sun herptiles (Moore Welbourne 2020), avifauna (Jachowski 2015; Murphy 2018). Software advanced in-step hardware. Converting images numerical data easier custom software, much open-source (Greenberg Young Processes automatic identification developed greatly speed up image classification process "big data" (Duggan Shepley Conceptual advances, frameworks understanding how detections sample underlying processes, paving way sophisticated (Glover-Kapfer Hofmeester Tremendous discoveries lay in future. Networking arrays different landscapes—even globally, similar weather networks (Steenweg 2017)—will allow macroecological scale never before (Chen 2022; Magle Rich 2017). Notwithstanding, await small focal studies too—these foundations inference. We endeavors Ecology Evolution's section Trapping Ecology. journal's mandate author-friendly, without gatekeeping assessments importance barrier, makes us place welcomes both small-scale autecological large-scale syntheses. This philosophy help authors work read scientific community—we believe this Section goal. first volume featured its camera-trapping study (Fisher 2011), paper desk-rejected several other journals "interesting but improbable" among fare. Editorial team gave chance, 100 citations later, continues stimulate debate (Stuber Fontaine, Since then, we published s camera-trap studies. eagerly anticipating many papers dedicated Section, Evolution plans forefront proliferation research, platform thought debate. Jason Thomas Fisher: Conceptualization (equal); writing – original draft (equal). None. No available.

Язык: Английский

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Intersecting planetary health: Exploring the impacts of environmental stressors on wildlife and human health

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 283, С. 116848 - 116848

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024

This comprehensive review articulates critical insights into the nexus of environmental stressors and their health impacts across diverse species, underscoring significant findings that reveal profound effects on both wildlife human systems. Central to our examination is role pollutants, climate variables, pathogens in contributing complex disease dynamics physiological disruptions, with particular emphasis immune endocrine functions. research brings light emerging evidence severe implications pressures a variety taxa, including predatory mammals, raptorial birds, seabirds, fish, humans, which are pivotal as indicators broader ecosystem stability. We delve nuanced interplay between degradation zoonotic diseases, highlighting novel intersections pose risks biodiversity populations. The critically evaluates current methodologies advances understanding morphological, histopathological, biochemical responses these organisms stressors. discuss for conservation strategies, advocating more integrated approach incorporates zoonoses pollution control. synthesis not only contributes academic discourse but also aims influence policy by aligning Global Goals Sustainable Development. It underscores urgent need sustainable interactions humans environments, preserving ensuring global security. By presenting detailed analysis interdependencies biological health, this highlights gaps provides foundation future studies aimed at mitigating pressing issues. Our study it proposes integrative actionable strategies address challenges intersection change public marking crucial step forward planetary science.

Язык: Английский

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Review: COVID-19 highlights the importance of camera traps for wildlife conservation research and management

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 256, С. 108984 - 108984

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Innovations in movement and behavioural ecology from camera traps: Day range as model parameter

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(7), С. 1201 - 1212

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2021

Abstract Camera‐trapping methods have been used to monitor movement and behavioural ecology parameters of wildlife. However, when considering behaviours estimate DR is mandatory include in the formulation speed ratio, otherwise results will be biased. For instance, some wildlife populations present patterns characteristic each behaviour (e.g. foraging or displacement between habitat patches), further research needed integrate estimation parameters. In this respect, day range (average daily distance travelled by an individual, DR) a model parameter that relies on behaviour. This study aims provide step forward concerning use camera‐trapping ecology. We describe machine learning procedure differentiate from camera‐trap data, revisit approach consider different DR. Second, working within simulated framework we tested performance three approaches DR: DROB (i.e. estimating without identification), DRTB identifying manually weighting basis encounter rate obtained) DRRB based classification ratio speeds). Finally, evaluated these for 24 wild mammal species with ecological traits. The showed high accuracy (mean = 0.97). generated accurate scenarios speed‐ratio (fast relative slow behaviours) lower than 10, which animals spend most activity period new approach, DRRB, all scenarios. obtained real were consistent simulations. conclusion, integration studies makes it possible obtain unbiased Speed‐ratio should considered so fast not overrepresented. procedures described work extend applicability camera‐trap‐based both

Язык: Английский

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Chimpanzee Activity and Behavioral Diversity Extends Across 24 Hours in Both Captive and Wild Settings

American Journal of Primatology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 87(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Studying nocturnal behavior is crucial for understanding the full scope of a species' behavioral flexibility so as to inform conservation wild populations and care captive individuals. However, this aspect primate understudied, especially in great apes, which exhibit some widest documented diversity flexibility. Our investigation among first systematically compare 24 h activity patterns activities chimpanzees (Saint Louis Zoo, USA) with those (three sites across Nouabalé‐Ndoki National Park Republic Congo) published data set all chimpanzee subspecies. Furthermore, we examined influence human changes group's composition on behaviors zoo‐living chimpanzees. results reveal that significantly different compared their counterparts, increased (particularly early morning) more observations feeding social at night. Additionally, absence visitors change were found these patterns. These findings underscore importance integrating holistic approaches conservation. This study also highlights immense potential implementing remote monitoring technology, such video camera traps, contexts. Such extend contexts benefit not only apes but provide opportunities caregivers, managers, students who are involved collaborative initiatives.

Язык: Английский

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