Challenges and solutions to biodiversity conservation in arid lands

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 857, С. 159695 - 159695

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Grassy Ecosystems in the Anthropocene

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 47(1), С. 261 - 289

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022

As the Anthropocene advances, there are few parts of Earth that have not been impacted by human influence. Humans had a long-sustained interaction with grassy ecosystems, but they becoming severely direct and indirect impacts as advances. Grassy ecosystems easy to clear cultivate, poorly protected, defined due legacies colonial narratives can describe them deforested, wastelands, or derived. Climate change, land conversion, erosion processes shaped for millennia cascading cumulative on ecosystem extent integrity. We examine how these changes impacting more specifically, those fall into uncertain space—a climate envelope where vegetation is at equilibrium either forest occur. It within this space climate, CO2, disturbances (fire, herbivores) interact determine presence ecosystems. Changes any components reduce integrity grassyecosystems. The loss ancient biodiverse means an array services fundamental lives than 1 billion people alongside Earth-system altered albedo, carbon, hydrological cycles.

Язык: Английский

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GlobalAMFungi: a global database of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal occurrences from high‐throughput sequencing metabarcoding studies

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 240(5), С. 2151 - 2163

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are crucial mutualistic symbionts of the majority plant species, with essential roles in nutrient uptake and stress mitigation. The importance AM ecosystems contrasts our limited understanding patterns fungal biogeography environmental factors that drive those patterns. This article presents a release newly developed global dataset (GlobalAMFungi database, https://globalamfungi.com) aims to reduce this knowledge gap. It contains almost 50 million observations Glomeromycotinian amplicon DNA sequences across 8500 samples geographical locations additional metadata obtained from 100 original studies. GlobalAMFungi database is built on sequencing data originating taxon barcoding regions in: i) small subunit rRNA (SSU) gene; ii) internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region; iii) large (LSU) gene. an open source access initiative compiles most comprehensive atlas distribution. designed as permanent effort will be continuously updated by its creators through collaboration scientific community. study also documented applicability better understand ecology taxa.

Язык: Английский

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Land use/cover and land degradation across the Eurasian steppe: Dynamics, patterns and driving factors

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 909, С. 168593 - 168593

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable Land Management and Climate Change Adaptation for Small-Scale Land Users in Sub-Saharan Africa

Land, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(6), С. 1206 - 1206

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2023

Land is both a source and sink of carbon dioxide (CO2), the chief greenhouse gas. Through sustainable land management (SLM), it can capture extra CO2 store as in vegetation soil. SLM also reduce emissions from land. Thus, viewed key land-based solution for climate change mitigation. Yet, provides effective (CC) adaptation practices—such agroforestry, mulching water harvesting—which confer resilience, simultaneously help secure production. This especially valuable users sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) who depend on rainfed agriculture. They are amongst poorest Earth most vulnerable to CC impacts, despite their minimal footprint. The World Overview Conservation Approaches Technologies (WOCAT) manages Global Database: this holds rich ever-growing collection practices. Analysis database SSA sheds light which technologies adaptation, how well they cope with changing rainfall temperature. Both “mechanisms” “attributes” explored, yielding new insights. perspective paper showcases current developments field, summarizes future directions SSA.

Язык: Английский

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Habitat quality on the edge of anthropogenic pressures: Predicting the impact of land use changes in the Brazilian Upper Paraguay river Basin

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 459, С. 142546 - 142546

Опубликована: Май 11, 2024

Landscape changes driven by anthropogenic activities often have negative impacts on ecosystems, jeopardizing the provision of vital services that sustain biotic elements and wildlife. Predicting effects such transformations is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate ecological damage. This study explores interaction land use habitat quality estimates in Upper Paraguay River Basin Brazil, using InVEST Habitat Quality model estimate spatiotemporal landscape trends evaluate potential impact policies future. Under a business-as-usual scenario 2050, are simulated shaping quality, degradation, rarity as proxies biodiversity conservation. Results show an extensive expansion pastures through deforestation, leading progressive degradation with significant decay predicted observed quality. The index spatial decrease from 0.78 0.57 1989-2050 period. same trend protected areas period 2019-2050, increase 0.80 conservation units, 0.75 0.53 indigenous lands. For improved outcomes, this work introduces new insights environmental actions can be flagged sustainable management practices perspectives towards pressures at different scales. Therefore, government institutions responsible protection units communities informed about their territories. findings suggest incorporating additional climate-related variables could valuable direction future studies extend further modelling approaches explored work.

Язык: Английский

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Principles for area‐based biodiversity conservation

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Recent international agreements have strengthened and expanded commitments to protect restore native habitats for biodiversity protection ("area-based conservation"). Nevertheless, conservation is hindered because how such should be implemented has been strongly debated, which can lead suboptimal habitat decisions. We argue that, despite the debates, there are three essential principles area-based conservation. These related geographic coverage, amount, connectivity. They emerge from evidence while large areas of nature important must protected, or restoration multiple small patches also critical global conservation, particularly in regions with high land use. contend that many initiatives expected coming decades follow we identify, regardless ongoing debates. Considering importance maintenance ecosystem services, suggest this would bring widespread societal benefits.

Язык: Английский

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Efficiency of birds as bioindicators for other taxa in mountain farmlands

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 158, С. 111569 - 111569

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Biodiversity loss is a global issue, particularly in mountain regions, where land-use/land-cover and climate change dramatically impact on species communities. Sound ecological research up-to-date information biodiversity are needed to support conservation efforts. However, this often difficult costly obtain. Therefore, bioindicators serve as surrogates provide the entire biocenosis. Birds considered excellent they occupy different niches trait spaces. We present study about efficiency of birds for diversity other taxa region Central Alps. surveyed bird communities at 115 sites across gradient grasslands crops compared them with (bats, butterflies, grasshoppers, arachnids, vascular plants). aimed identify indicator crops, assess cross-community concordance between taxa, model indices habitat types taxa. identified grassland crop found that single varied highlight importance using carefully selected monitoring planning, need an integrated interdisciplinary approach research. Moreover, by looking combination we can gain more comprehensive understanding ecosystem functioning. also framework use bird-based programs bird-derived guide conservation, emphasise incorporating into patterns trends.

Язык: Английский

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Glyphosate-based restoration of a degraded grassland threatens soil health and the diversity of nematode communities

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 191, С. 109350 - 109350

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The effectiveness of using virtual fencing for cattle to achieve conservation goals in tallgrass prairie

Rangelands, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 47(1), С. 50 - 60

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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