21st Century Climate Change Threatens on the Brown Bear

CERNE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Background: Today, the biggest threat to mammalian predators with wide distribution areas is habitats fragmentation or changing climate conditions. We aimed reveal habitat suitability modeling and mapping of Brown bear, which an important large mammal in Turkey's borders, under change climate. The modelling was determined using present (2010) future (2040-2070-2100) chelsa scenarios (IPSL-CM6A-LR SSP126-SSP370-SSP585) Maxent method data obtained by examining all studies on bear. Then, result values for different years were classified as 0.5 unsuitable habitats, 0.51-0.8 suitable 0.81-1.0 most habitats. Results: that variables contributing model bear are annual precipitation amount, average air temperature, amount wettest month, ruggedness elevation. According results scenarios; have a minimum 14.87% study area today, 12.56% 2040 year, 10.93% 2070 year 8.24% 2100 year. SSP585 scenario decreases approximately 45%. Also, envelope created MaxEnt revealed, endangered Conclusion: Therefore, these will be source information sustainability extinction pre-protection existing potential reducing impact

Язык: Английский

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Where there’s smoke, there’s cats: long-unburnt habitat is crucial to mitigating the impacts of cats on the Ngarlgumirdi, greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis)

Wildlife Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51(5)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Context The decline of the greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis), or Ngarlgumirdi (Yawuru), like other critical-weight range Australian mammals, is believed to be primarily due synergetic impacts predation by feral cats and foxes, habitat disturbance caused large introduced herbivores, increases in frequency intensity wildfires. Although it has been demonstrated that low-intensity prescribed burning mosaics some habitats have potential benefit including Ngarlgumirdi, creating with sufficient vegetation cover, contributions specific fire-mosaic attributes persistence remain unclear.Aims To elucidate on occupancy Dampier Peninsula.Methods We used 2-ha sign-plot data collected four Indigenous Ranger groups, combination 20years satellite-derived fire-history information investigate multiscale fire (Felis catus) Peninsula West Kimberley region, a large, unfenced landscape most fire-prone section Ngarlgumirdi's current range.Key results found was more common areas had higher proportion not burnt for at least 3years, whereas were less prevalent these areas. Similarly, likely occur landscapes affected frequent fires, there.Conclusions Our findings highlighted importance decreasing increasing extent long-unburnt (>3years) preserving mitigating ecological damage inflicted cats. Findings consistent across spatial scales (1-, 3-, 5- 10-km radius from each monitoring site).Implications These management increase native species resilience absence direct cat control methods. Further, they support recent cross-tenure initiative led Traditional Owners implement aims reduce high-severity wildfires Peninsula.

Язык: Английский

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The impacts of fire vary among vertical strata: Responses of ant communities to long‐term experimental burning

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(7)

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

Fire is a powerful tool for conservation management at landscape scale, but rigorous evidence base often lacking understanding its impacts on biodiversity in different biomes. Fire-induced changes to habitat openness have been identified as an underlying driver of responses faunal communities, including ants. However, most studies the fire ant communities consider only epigeic (foraging soil surface) species, which may not reflect species inhabiting other vertical strata. Here, we examine how vary among strata highly fire-prone biome. We use long-term field experiment quantify effects abundance, richness, and composition assemblages four (subterranean, leaf litter, epigeic, arboreal) Australian tropical savanna. first document extent each stratum harbors distinct assemblages. then assess assemblage responds three fire-related predictors: frequency, activity, vegetation cover. Each harbored showed fire. Leaf litter ants were sensitive because it directly affects their microhabitats, they contrasting negative positive responses, respectively. Subterranean least insulating soil. Our results show that co-occurring same taxonomic group differ strength direction response depending inhabit. As such, effective should all

Язык: Английский

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Fire severity and its local extent are key to assessing impacts of Australian mega‐fires on koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) density

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 31(4), С. 714 - 726

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Abstract Aim Mega‐fires are predicted to increase with climate change. Australia experienced the largest ever documented forest fires in 2019–2020, but response of most taxa remains poorly known. We used acoustic arrays estimate impact mega‐fires on density an iconic marsupial. Location North‐east New South Wales, Australia. Time period Pre‐fire estimated 2018–2019 and post‐fire 2019–2020. Major studied Koala, Phascolarctos cinereus . Methods male before after using large spatial count models. Acoustic sampled three timber production forests a gradient fire severity unburnt controls national parks. Results Koalas were temporarily extirpated where high dominated landscape, some localized recovery was evident 1 year. Where moderate dominated, reduced by about 50% within year, koalas widespread throughout burnt area. In our third area low fire, no detected as pre‐ uncertainty intervals overlapped. Control sites surveyed at similar times showed little change between years. There relationship pyrodiversity koala density. Within broadly or year lower patches both fire. Regionally, 9.8% landscape samples (2 km × 2 km) habitat severity, while further 6.1% suggesting c 13% decline Main conclusions A substantial confirmed. Severe impacts across had begun resilience dominated. However, more frequent future will compound losses.

Язык: Английский

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The 2020 to 2021 California megafires and their impacts on wildlife habitat

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(48)

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2023

Fire activity during 2020 to 2021 in California, USA, was unprecedented the modern record. More than 19,000 km2 of forest vegetation burned (10× more historical average), potentially affecting habitat 508 vertebrate species. Of >9,000 that at high severity, 89% occurred large patches exceeded estimates maximum high-severity patch size. In this 2-y period, 100 species experienced fire across >10% their geographic range, 16 which were conservation concern. These 5 14% ranges, underscoring important changes structure. Species region are not adapted megafires. Management actions, such as prescribed fires and mechanical thinning, can curb severe behavior reduce potential negative impacts uncharacteristic on wildlife.

Язык: Английский

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