Island plant functional syndromes and competition with invasive species

Journal of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 50(4), С. 641 - 653

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

Abstract Island floras are diverse with exceptionally high rates of endemicity, and they also severely threatened. Invasive plants widespread on islands, but whether islands particularly susceptible to invasion or island species more vulnerable displacement, both, remains unclear. As part the “island plant syndrome,” it has been predicted that have convergently evolved conservative resource use, slow growth rates, weak competitive abilities in response moderate climates presumed absence competition communities relatively low richness. Yet, functional trait approaches provided mixed evidence support this prediction, direct tests as neighbour effects performance lacking. Considering extensive environmental heterogeneity exists within among seems likely strategies, spanning acquisitive, plants. Furthermore, assessing syndrome predictions through comparisons invasive species, which nonrandom subsets continental plants, is a flawed approach. Future studies compare strategies native versus for between local scale at occurs, consider non‐additivities other simultaneous global threats, urgently needed conserve these biodiversity hotspots.

Язык: Английский

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Geographic and Biological Drivers Shape Anthropogenic Extinctions in the Macaronesian Vascular Flora

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Whether species extinctions have accelerated during the Anthropocene and extent to which certain are more susceptible extinction due their ecological preferences intrinsic biological traits among most pressing questions in conservation biology. Assessing rates is, however, challenging, as best exemplified by phenomenon of ‘ dark ’: loss that disappear before they even formally described. These issues particularly problematic oceanic islands, where exhibit high endemism unique but also vulnerable extinction. Here, we document plant since Linnaeus' Species Plantarum Macaronesia, a biogeographic region comprised five hyperdiverse archipelagos, identify key drivers behind these extinctions. We compiled 168 records covering 126 taxa, identifying 13 global 155 local events. Significantly higher were observed compared expected background rate. uncovered differentiated patterns along altitudinal gradients, highlighting recent coastal hotspot linked socioeconomic changes Macaronesian archipelagos from 1960s onwards. Key factors influencing include island age, elevation, introduced herbivorous mammals, human population size. Trait‐based analyses across floras Azores Canary Islands revealed endemicity, pollination vertebrates, nitrogen‐fixing capacity, woodiness, zoochory consistently tended increase risk. Our findings emphasize critical role geography traits, alongside anthropogenic impacts, shaping dynamics on islands. Enhancing our knowledge life‐history within is crucial for accurately predicting mitigating future risks, underscoring urgent need comprehensive biodiversity assessments ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species

Zootaxa, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5313(1), С. 1 - 98

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2023

The psyllid fauna of the Canary Islands is reviewed on basis recent field work Tenerife, La Gomera, Palma Gran Canaria and Lanzarote, as well examination material deposited in several collections. Two new genera 16 species are described: Drepanoza Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard gen. nov., Percyella Agonoscena atlantica sp. A. sinuata Arytaina meridionalis Cacopsylla crenulatae C. falcicauda Diaphorina gonzalezi canariensis D. fruticulosi molinai Euphyllura confusa benahorita P. canari gomerita guanche Strophingia nov. S. paligera insularis Loginova, 1976, stat. elevated from a subspecies devia 1976 to rank. Five combinations proposed: fernandesi (Aguiar, 2001) comb. lienhardi (Burckhardt, 1981) montanetana pittospori Lauritrioza laurisilvae (Hodkinson, 1990) all transferred Trioza. hitherto unknown last-instar immatures described for Megadicrania tecticeps (Loginova, 1976) 1990). We also report targionii (Lichtenstein, 1874) first time Islands. Our review increases number known taxa 24 62 (one which remains undescribed). Endemism, host plant relationships biogeographic patterns discussed. Keys identification adults provided, information plants, distribution predators.

Язык: Английский

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Biogeographic context mediates multifaceted diversity‐productivity relationships in island and mainland forests

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(4), С. 800 - 816

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract Biotic and abiotic conditions have been found to strongly influence how biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning in forests. This context dependency of biodiversity‐productivity relationships real‐world ecosystems may be shaped by the biogeographic via deep‐time processes acting on size composition species pool such as dispersal limitation, environmental filtering, speciation invasibility. However, role shaping multifaceted forest productivity remains uncertain. Using data from Spanish National Forest Inventory climatically similar forests Canary Islands (637 plots) mainland Spain (1434 plots), we investigate extent which above‐ground is determined ecological evolutionary associated with context. We used structural equation models test drivers both contexts, that operate tree diversity (taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional diversity) or alternative mechanisms, conditions, non‐native species, number trees. Our results show island exhibit levels productivity, yet display overall lower diversity. trees increased also directly their effects phylogenetic Further, Synthesis : suggest diversity, capturing history, contributes elucidating diversity‐productivity could not detected taxonomic alone. By filling empty niches forests, find are fundamentally altering islands thus, reveal can shape relationships.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the Potential Risk of Invasion of the Neophyte Pluchea ovalis (Pers.) DC. (Asteraceae) in the Canarian Archipelago Using an Ensemble of Species Distribution Modelling

Diversity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 195 - 195

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Invasive species represent a significant threat to biodiversity and ecosystem conservation, with their impacts often amplified in island ecosystems. Species distribution models (SDMs) can infer the potential habitat throughout life of an organism are considered valuable tool for predicting risk expansion invasive plants animals. In our approach, we used ensemble four presence–absence (GLM, GAM, Random Forest, BART) calibrated only data collected Tenerife, best representation species, suitability Pluchea ovalis (Pers.) DC. (Asteraceae). Subsequently, transferred ensembled model rest Canarian Island archipelago. Our results show that under near-present conditions, suitable areas coastal mid-elevations south slope sectors Tenerife Gran Islands, as well vast portion westernmost drier islands, always coinciding ravines highly disturbed addition, forecasted different climate change conditions (SSP126, SSP370, SSP585), showing how its habitability would increase worst scenarios. Both contexts favor gained by places where they currently not present, revealing new islands.

Язык: Английский

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The hidden shift: The role of exotic plantations in modulating soil arthropod communities in an arid island

European Journal of Soil Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 125, С. 103724 - 103724

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Primary succession and plant functional traits on an oceanic island

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Abstract The discipline of functional island biogeography and studies on plant ecological strategies shaping assemblages have emerged only recently. Due to volcanic activity, primary succession is an important natural process driving ecosystem dynamics oceanic islands. However, our knowledge about traits in explaining the mechanism these islands characterized by impoverished disharmonic, but endemic‐rich floras, limited. We investigated distribution plants with respect nine related resource use, reproduction, growth as well their overall diversity during using a chronosequence 10 lava flows La Palma, Canary Islands. analysed changes single age community‐weighted trait means applied ordination techniques evaluate composition. Based theory, we tested several hypotheses for along successional gradient. also role endemic introduced structuring communities. Both single‐trait compositional approach revealed that composition displaying core leaf economics dispersal ability shifted substrate showing change from acquisitive conservative anemochory zoochory These shifts were entirely driven shrubs, while other forms contributed increase species richness little vegetation structure. Introduced almost absent trajectories. Functional dispersion increased whereas turnover was constant low succession. Synthesis . Our system reflects directional governed selection environmental conditions acquisitive‐conservative capacity early stages followed gradual modification environment expansion niche space linked divergence later stages. Major occurred five hundred years after eruptions indicating this dry very slow. dominance shrubs lack at all highlight importance evolutionary processes disturbances like volcanism archipelago.

Язык: Английский

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Fusaric acid as physiological stress trigger in Rumex lunaria

Biological Invasions, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(6)

Опубликована: Май 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Long‐term trajectories of non‐native vegetation on islands globally

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(5), С. 729 - 741

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Human-mediated changes in island vegetation are, among others, largely caused by the introduction and establishment of non-native species. However, data on past plant species abundance that predate historical documentation censuses are scarce. Islands few places where we can track human arrival natural systems allowing us to reveal dynamics with We matched fossil pollen botanical status information (native, non-native), quantified timing, trajectories magnitude vegetational change 29 islands over 5000 years. recorded a proportional increase taxa within last 1000 Individual context-dependent linked settlement histories. Our show introductions have longer more dynamic history than is generally recognized, critical implications for biodiversity baselines invasion biology.

Язык: Английский

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The land and sea routes to 2030: a call for greater attention on all small islands in global environmental policy

npj Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Abstract Islands have unique vulnerabilities to biodiversity loss and climate change. Current Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement are insufficient avoid irreversible of critical island ecosystems. Existing research, policies, finance also do not sufficiently address small islands’ social-environmental challenges. For instance, new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) mentions islands in invasive species management target. This focus is important, as at high risk biological invasions; however, this only GBF target that islands. There threats equal or greater urgency islands, including coastal hazards overexploitation. Ecosystems such coral reefs mangroves crucial for biodiversity, protection, human livelihoods, yet unaddressed GBF. While research global policy, targeted financial flows, a strong on Small Island Developing States (SIDS), situation other has been largely overlooked. Here, through review policy developments examples from Philippines Chile, we urge conservation change policies place emphasis acknowledging diversity their governance challenges, extending beyond SIDS. Moving forward, should include recognition metacommunities linked by interacting social-ecological systems emphasize connectivity rather than isolation. Coalition-building knowledge-sharing, particularly with local, Indigenous traditional knowledge-holders needed meet goals sustainable development 2030.

Язык: Английский

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