Exploring the Immunological Aspects and Treatments of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Recurrent Implantation Failure

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3), С. 1295 - 1295

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the occurrence of two or more consecutive losses before 24 weeks gestation. It affects 3-5% women who are attempting to conceive. RPL can stem from a variety causes and frequently associated with psychological distress diminished quality life. By contrast, recurrent implantation failure (RIF) refers inability achieve successful after three high-quality embryo transfers at least instances egg donation. RIF shares several causative factors RPL. The immunological underpinnings these conditions involve alterations in uterine NK cells, reductions M2 macrophages myeloid-derived suppressor an increased Th1/Th2 ratio, decreased Treg/Th17 presence shared ≥3 HLA alleles between partners, autoimmune disorders. Various therapeutic approaches have been employed address concerns, achieving varying degrees success, although some therapies remain contentious within medical community. This review intends explore implicated analyze treatments for conditions, which may include steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, calcineurin inhibitors, anti-TNF antibodies, intralipid infusions, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, lymphocyte immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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Comparison of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Combined with Metformin Versus Metformin Alone in the Management of PCOS: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis

Reproductive Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Gallstones in the Era of Metabolic Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Risk Prediction, and Management

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Gallstone disease (GSD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are increasingly prevalent conditions with significant global health implications. Recent evidence highlights a strong epidemiological association between these disorders, driven by shared pathophysiological mechanisms. This review provides comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship MetS GSD, focusing on role insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, gut microbiota dysbiosis in gallstone formation. An integrated model is proposed, linking disturbances to bile cholesterol supersaturation, gallbladder dysmotility, chronic inflammation. The also explores clinical implications, including risk prediction models based parameters, early detection biomarkers, targeted interventions such as lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, microbiome modulation. By addressing underpinnings this synthesis offers foundation for developing preventive therapeutic strategies mitigate burden interconnected conditions. Future research directions outlined refine mechanistic insights improve outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Overview of Metformin and Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(4), С. 486 - 486

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

This comprehensive review examines the therapeutic potential of metformin, a well-established diabetes medication, in treating neurodegenerative disorders. Originally used as first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, recent studies have begun investigating metformin’s effects beyond metabolic disorders, particularly its neuroprotective capabilities against conditions like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s Huntington’s and multiple sclerosis. Key findings demonstrate that operate through pathways: AMPK activation enhancing cellular energy metabolism autophagy; upregulation antioxidant defenses; suppression inflammation; inhibition protein aggregation; improvement mitochondrial function. These mechanisms collectively address common pathological features neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, including oxidative stress, accumulation, dysfunction. Clinical preclinical evidence supporting association with improved cognitive performance, reduced risk dementia, modulation hallmarks diseases is critically evaluated. While metformin shows promise agent, this emphasizes need further investigation to fully understand optimal applications diseases.

Язык: Английский

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HbA1c reduction strategies: An overview of pharmacological interventions

National Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3(1), С. 24 - 33

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a widely used biomarker for monitoring long-term glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. It reflects average blood glucose levels over the past 2–3 months and crucial diagnosing diabetes guiding treatment decisions. Maintaining optimal HbA1c essential preventing diabetes-related complications. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to evaluate summarize current pharmacological interventions available reduction, focusing on their efficacy, safety, clinical implications management. METHODS: We conducted comprehensive search of studies published between 2019 2024 from databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria focused randomized controlled trials observational assessing reduction adults Key outcomes included changes levels, adverse events, treatment-related RESULTS: The identifies GLP-1 receptor agonists SGLT2 inhibitors as most effective classes offering significant benefits terms weight loss cardiovascular renal outcomes. Insulin sulfonylureas remain used, though efficacy tempered by risk hypoglycemia gain. Newer agents, such dual GLP-1/GIP agonists, show promising results but require further data. CONCLUSION: Pharmacological continue evolve, newer therapies providing substantial beyond control. Clinicians should adopt personalized approach based individual patient needs, comorbidities tolerability. Future research focus combination therapies, pharmacogenomics insights refine strategies enhance

Язык: Английский

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Análise do Perfil Clínico de Pessoas com Diabetes Tipo 2: Estudo Transversal

Saúde Coletiva (Barueri), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(95), С. 15626 - 15641

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil clínico de pessoas com diabetes tipo 2. Método: Estudo transversal, observacional e quantitativo, realizado entre agosto dezembro 2019 em uma cidade litorânea do Piauí. Foram incluídos no estudo adultos 2 diagnosticados há pelo menos seis meses acompanhados por Unidades Básicas Saúde. Os dados foram analisados meio estatísticas descritivas inferenciais, utilizando software JAMOVI. O foi aprovado Comitê Ética Pesquisa, conforme Parecer nº 3.447.415. Resultados: Dos 160 participantes, 66,8% eram mulheres idade média 61,6 anos. A maioria apresentava histórico familiar (67,5%) fazia uso Metformina (42,5%). Apesar 55% terem recebido educação sobre a condição, 38,1% nunca haviam sido orientados, 67,5% sedentários. Conclusão: destaca diferenças gênero necessidade monitoramento contínuo, efetiva abordagem multiprofissional.

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The inflammatory bowel disease and gut microbiome are restored by employing metformin-loaded alginate-shelled microcapsules

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 378, С. 490 - 502

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Lactic acidosis with metformin accumulation in the intensive care units of the Nord Pas de Calais region: a known serious adverse event that can be better prevented

Therapies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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