Ecology Letters,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
24(2), С. 170 - 185
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2020
Abstract
In
cold
environments
ectotherms
can
be
dormant
underground
for
long
periods.
1941
Cowles
proposed
an
ecological
trade‐off
involving
the
depth
at
which
overwintered:
on
warm
days,
only
shallow
reptiles
could
detect
warming
soils
and
become
active;
but
they
risked
freezing.
discovered
that
most
a
desert
site
overwintered
depths.
To
extend
his
study,
we
compiled
hourly
soil
temperatures
(5
depths,
90
sites,
continental
USA)
physiological
data,
simulated
consequences
of
overwintering
fixed
localities
have
lowest
energy
costs
largest
reserves
in
spring,
localities,
risk
Ectotherms
shifting
to
coldest
potentially
reduce
expenses,
paradoxically
sometimes
higher
expenses
than
those
Biophysical
simulations
predict
increased
opportunities
mid‐winter
activity
need
move
deep
digest
captured
food.
Our
generate
testable
predictions
eco‐physiological
questions
rely
responses
acute
rather
natural
cooling
profiles.
Furthermore,
natural‐history
data
test
do
not
exist.
Thus,
our
simulation
approach
uncovers
knowledge
gaps
suggests
research
agendas
studying
underground.
Global Ecology and Biogeography,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
30(4), С. 768 - 783
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2021
Abstract
Motivation
More
than
half
of
Earth's
species
are
contained
in
a
mere
1.4%
its
land
area,
but
the
climates
many
these
biodiversity
hotspots
projected
to
disappear
as
consequence
anthropogenic
climate
change.
There
is
growing
recognition
that
spatio‐temporal
patterns
have
shaped
biological
diversity
over
variety
historical
time‐scales,
yet
rarely
taken
into
account
assessments
vulnerability
future
In
our
review,
we
synthesize
climatic
processes
led
diversification
and
interpret
what
this
means
context
We
demonstrate
importance
mesoclimatic
fine‐scale
topographical
heterogeneity,
combination
with
variability,
driving
speciation
maintaining
high
levels
diversity.
outline
why
features
crucial
understanding
impacts
change
discuss
how
recent
advances
predictive
modelling
enable
be
understood
better.
Location
Global.
Main
conclusions
contend
many,
although
not
all,
landscape
characteristics
create
spatial
variability
climate,
which
potentially
buffers
them
from
changes.
Temporally,
also
experienced
stable
through
evolutionary
time,
making
particularly
vulnerable
Others
more
variable
climates,
likely
provide
resilience
Thus,
order
identify
risk
for
global
biodiversity,
need
consider
carefully
influence
climate.
However,
most
still
reliant
on
data
coarse
temporal
resolution.
Higher‐resolution
forecasts
better
physiological
responses
organisms
much
needed
inform
conservation
strategies.
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A Ecological and Integrative Physiology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
335(1), С. 13 - 44
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2020
Abstract
Research
on
the
thermal
ecology
and
physiology
of
free‐living
organisms
is
accelerating
as
scientists
managers
recognize
urgency
global
biodiversity
crisis
brought
by
climate
change.
As
ectotherms,
temperature
fundamentally
affects
most
aspects
lives
amphibians
reptiles,
making
them
excellent
models
for
studying
how
animals
are
impacted
changing
temperatures.
research
this
group
accelerates,
it
essential
to
maintain
consistent
optimal
methodology
so
that
results
can
be
compared
across
groups
over
time.
This
review
addresses
utility
reptiles
model
studies
reviewing
best
practices
their
physiology,
highlighting
key
have
advanced
field
with
new
improved
methods.
We
end
presenting
several
areas
where
show
great
promise
further
advancing
our
understanding
relations
between
environments
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
29(6), С. 1451 - 1470
Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2022
A
core
challenge
in
global
change
biology
is
to
predict
how
species
will
respond
future
environmental
and
manage
these
responses.
To
make
such
predictions
management
actions
robust
novel
futures,
we
need
accurately
characterize
organisms
experience
their
environments
the
biological
mechanisms
by
which
they
respond.
All
are
thermodynamically
connected
through
exchange
of
heat
water
at
fine
spatial
temporal
scales
this
can
be
captured
with
biophysical
models.
Although
mechanistic
models
based
on
ecology
have
a
long
history
development
application,
use
remains
limited
despite
enormous
promise
increasingly
accessible
software.
We
contend
that
greater
understanding
training
theory
methods
vital
expand
application.
Our
review
shows
implemented
understand
climate
impacts
species'
behavior,
phenology,
survival,
distribution,
abundance.
It
also
illustrates
types
outputs
generated,
data
inputs
required
for
different
implementations.
Examples
range
from
simple
calculations
body
temperature
particular
site
time,
more
complex
analyses
distribution
limits
projected
energy
balances,
accounting
behavior
phenology.
outline
challenges
currently
limit
widespread
application
relating
availability,
training,
lack
common
software
ecosystems.
discuss
progress
developments
could
allow
applied
many
across
large
extents
timeframes.
Finally,
highlight
uniquely
suited
solve
problems
involve
predicting
interpreting
responses
variability
extremes,
multiple
or
shifting
constraints,
abiotic
biotic
environments.
Species
distribution
models,
also
known
as
ecological
niche
models
or
habitat
suitability
have
become
commonplace
for
addressing
fundamental
and
applied
biodiversity
questions.
Although
the
field
has
progressed
rapidly
regarding
theory
implementation,
key
assumptions
are
still
frequently
violated
recommendations
inadvertently
overlooked.
This
leads
to
poor
being
published
used
in
real‐world
applications.
In
a
structured,
didactic
treatment,
we
summarize
what
our
view
constitute
ten
most
problematic
issues,
hazards,
negatively
affecting
implementation
of
correlative
approaches
species
modeling
(specifically
those
that
model
by
comparing
environments
species'
occurrence
records
with
background
pseudoabsence
sample).
For
each
hazard,
state
relevant
assumptions,
detail
problems
arise
when
violating
them,
convey
straightforward
existing
recommendations.
We
discuss
five
major
outstanding
questions
active
current
research.
hope
this
contribution
will
promote
more
rigorous
these
valuable
stimulate
further
advancements.
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
97(1), С. 343 - 360
Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2021
ABSTRACT
Remote
sensing
has
revolutionised
many
aspects
of
ecological
research,
enabling
spatiotemporal
data
to
be
collected
in
an
efficient
and
highly
automated
manner.
The
last
two
decades
have
seen
phenomenal
growth
capabilities
for
high‐resolution
remote
that
increasingly
offers
opportunities
study
small,
but
ecologically
important
organisms,
such
as
insects.
Here
we
review
current
applications
using
within
entomological
highlighting
the
emerging
now
arise
through
advances
spatial,
temporal
spectral
resolution.
can
used
map
environmental
variables,
habitat,
microclimate
light
pollution,
capturing
on
topography,
vegetation
structure
composition,
luminosity
at
spatial
scales
appropriate
Such
also
detect
insects
indirectly
from
influences
they
environment,
feeding
damage
or
nest
structures,
whilst
directly
detecting
are
available.
Entomological
radar
detection
ranging
(LiDAR),
example,
transforming
our
understanding
aerial
insect
abundance
movement
ecology,
ultra‐high
resolution
drone
imagery
presents
tantalising
new
direct
observation.
is
rapidly
developing
into
a
powerful
toolkit
entomologists,
envisage
will
soon
become
integral
part
science.
Functional Ecology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
35(7), С. 1385 - 1396
Опубликована: Май 16, 2021
Abstract
The
use
of
traits
is
growing
in
ecology
and
biodiversity
informatics,
with
initiatives
to
collate
trait
data
integrate
it
into
databases.
A
need
develop
better
predictive
capacity
for
how
species
respond
environmental
change
has
part
motivated
this
focus.
Functional
are
most
interest—those
a
defined
link
individual
survival,
development,
growth
reproduction.
Non‐trivial
challenges
arise
immediately
deciding
which
functional
prioritise
characterise
them.
Here
we
discuss
the
advantages
theoretical
perspective
defining
context
dynamical
systems
models
energy
mass
exchange
that
organisms
their
environments.
We
argue
frameworks
upon
such
built
(biophysical
ecology,
metabolic
theory)
provide
clear
criteria
decide
definitions,
measurement
requirements
associated
metadata,
via
mathematical
connection
model
parameters
state
variables,
thus
system
performance
(survival,
reproduction).
distinguish
‘descriptive’
from
‘functional’
by
dividing
latter
four
classes—parameter,
model,
threshold
estimation—according
whether
they
parameters,
define
structure,
variables
or
can
be
used
estimate
parameters.
decision
tree
classification
illustrate
mammalian
heat
but
emphasise
scheme's
generality
any
kind
organism.
show
may
collection
databasing
ways
not
necessarily
more
difficult
achieve,
especially
new
technologies,
guidance
requisite
metadata.
theoretically
driven
prioritising
will
maximise
generality,
quality
consistency
databases
comparative
analyses.
Such
simultaneously
facilitate
development
integrated
modelling
across
multiple
organisational
scales
individuals
ecosystems.
free
Plain
Language
Summary
found
within
Supporting
Information
article.
Ecography,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
44(10), С. 1453 - 1462
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2021
Process‐based
models
are
becoming
increasingly
used
tools
for
understanding
how
species
likely
to
respond
environmental
changes
and
potential
management
options.
RangeShifter
is
one
such
modelling
platform,
which
has
been
address
a
range
of
questions
including
identifying
effective
reintroduction
strategies,
patterns
expansion
assessing
population
viability
across
complex
landscapes.
Here
we
introduce
new
version,
2.0,
incorporates
important
functionality.
It
now
possible
simulate
dynamics
over
user‐specified,
temporally
changing
Additionally,
integrated
genetic
module,
notably
introducing
an
explicit
architecture,
allows
simulation
neutral
adaptive
processes.
Furthermore,
emigration,
transfer
settlement
traits
can
all
evolve,
allowing
sophisticated
the
evolution
dispersal.
We
illustrate
application
2.0's
functionality
by
two
examples.
The
first
illustrates
virtual
dynamically
UK
landscape.
second
demonstrates
software
be
explore
concept
evolving
connectivity
in
response
land‐use
modification,
examining
movement
rules
come
under
selection
landscapes
different
structure
composition.
2.0
built
using
object‐oriented
C++
providing
computationally
efficient
individual‐based,
eco‐evolutionary
models.
code
redeveloped
enable
use
operating
systems,
on
high
performance
computing
clusters,
Windows
graphical
user
interface
enhanced.
will
facilitate
development
in‐silico
assessments
options
conserving
or
controlling
them.
By
making
available
open
source,
hope
inspire
further
collaborations
extensions
ecological
community.