Global Ecology and Biogeography,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
30(6), С. 1191 - 1203
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2021
Abstract
Aim
To
assess
the
relative
importance
of
wind
intensity
and
direction
in
explaining
wetland
invertebrate
metacommunity
organization.
Location
Seventy‐eight
ponds
Patagonia
(Argentina)
covering
a
study
area
3.5
×
10
5
km
2
.
Time
period
Ponds
were
sampled
once
between
2006
2014.
Major
taxa
studied
One
hundred
fifty‐eight
aquatic
invertebrates.
Methods
We
generated
two
beta
diversity
matrices
(based
on
flying
non‐flying
invertebrates)
six
predictor
matrices,
including
three
environmental
distance
topographic
ponds,
pairwise
differing
speed.
Using
Moran
spectral
randomization
Mantel
(MSR‐Mantel)
tests
(which
account
for
spatial
autocorrelation),
we
assessed
relationship
response
matrices.
used
network‐constrained
version
nestedness
metric
based
overlap
decreasing
fill
(NODF),
to
if
anisotropy
(i.e.,
direction‐dependent)
affected
community
among
ponds.
Results
Flying
dispersers’
dissimilarity
was
significantly
explained
by
variables,
whereas
invertebrates’
not
any
distances
tested.
When
ignored,
speed
had
negligible
effect
both
types
communities,
when
it
considered
consistent
nested
pattern
emerged,
with
eastern
(downwind)
communities
being
subsets
those
from
western
(upwind).
Main
conclusions
found
that
mainly
assembled
combination
factors
directionality,
although
this
depended
dispersal
ability
organisms.
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
96(1), С. 89 - 106
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2020
ABSTRACT
The
Anthropocene
presents
formidable
threats
to
freshwater
ecosystems.
Lakes
are
especially
vulnerable
and
important
at
the
same
time.
They
cover
only
a
small
area
worldwide
but
harbour
high
levels
of
biodiversity
contribute
disproportionately
ecosystem
services.
differ
with
respect
their
general
type
(e.g.
land‐locked,
drainage,
floodplain
large
lakes)
position
in
landscape
highland
versus
lowland
lakes),
which
dynamics
these
systems.
should
be
generally
viewed
as
‘meta‐systems’,
whereby
is
strongly
affected
by
species
dispersal,
contributed
flow
matter
substances
among
locations
broader
waterscape
context.
Lake
connectivity
determine
degree
lake
prone
invasion
non‐native
accumulation
harmful
substances.
Highly
connected
lakes
low
accumulate
nutrients
pollutants
originating
from
ecosystems
higher
landscape.
monitoring
restoration
services
consider
fact
that
dynamism
present
local,
regional
global
scales.
However,
local
may
plagued
unpredictability
ecological
phenomena,
hindering
adaptive
management
lakes.
Although
data
increasingly
becoming
available
study
responses
change,
we
still
lack
suitable
integration
models
for
entire
waterscapes.
Research
across
disciplinary
boundaries
needed
address
challenges
face
because
they
play
an
role
harbouring
unique
aquatic
biota
well
providing
goods
future.
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
98(4), С. 1388 - 1423
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023
ABSTRACT
Biotic
homogenisation
is
defined
as
decreasing
dissimilarity
among
ecological
assemblages
sampled
within
a
given
spatial
area
over
time.
differentiation,
in
turn,
increasing
Overall,
changes
the
dissimilarities
(termed
‘beta
diversity’)
an
increasingly
recognised
feature
of
broader
biodiversity
change
Anthropocene.
Empirical
evidence
biotic
and
differentiation
remains
scattered
across
different
ecosystems.
Most
meta‐analyses
quantify
prevalence
direction
beta
diversity,
rather
than
attempting
to
identify
underlying
drivers
such
changes.
By
conceptualising
mechanisms
that
contribute
or
composition
space,
environmental
managers
conservation
practitioners
can
make
informed
decisions
about
what
interventions
may
be
required
sustain
predict
potential
outcomes
future
disturbances.
We
systematically
reviewed
synthesised
published
empirical
for
terrestrial,
marine,
freshwater
realms
derive
conceptual
models
explain
diversity.
pursued
five
key
themes
our
review:
(
i
)
temporal
change;
ii
disturbance
regime;
iii
connectivity
alteration
species
redistribution;
iv
habitat
v
trophic
interactions.
Our
first
model
highlights
how
occur
function
local
(alpha)
diversity
regional
(gamma)
independently
invasions
losses
due
occurrence
assemblages.
Second,
magnitude
depends
on
interaction
between
variation
(patchiness)
(synchronicity)
events.
Third,
context
redistribution,
divergent
have
dispersal
characteristics,
associated
with
also
strongly
alpha
gamma
prior
invasion.
Fourth,
positively
linked
variability,
when
heterogeneity
decreases
increases,
respectively.
Fifth,
interactions
influence
via
modification,
disease,
consumption
(trophic
dynamics),
competition,
by
altering
ecosystem
productivity.
synthesis
multitude
cause
more
less
spatially
similar
(taxonomically,
functionally,
phylogenetically)
through
consider
studies
should
aim
enhance
collective
understanding
systems
clarifying
driving
focusing
only
reporting
per
se
.
Ecography,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
43(8), С. 1180 - 1190
Опубликована: Май 19, 2020
Biotic
interactions
are
fundamental
drivers
governing
biodiversity
locally,
yet
their
effects
on
geographical
variation
in
community
composition
(i.e.
incidence‐based)
and
structure
abundance‐based)
at
regional
scales
remain
controversial.
Ecologists
have
only
recently
started
to
integrate
different
types
of
biotic
into
assembly
a
spatial
context,
theme
that
merits
further
empirical
quantification.
Here,
we
applied
partial
correlation
networks
infer
the
strength
dependencies
between
pairs
organismal
groups
mapped
imprints
pond
metacommunities.
To
do
this,
used
comprehensive
dataset
from
Mediterranean
landscapes
adopted
perspective
is
best
represented
as
network
interacting
groups.
Our
results
revealed
co‐variation
among
beta
diversities
multiple
primarily
driven
by
and,
lesser
extent,
abiotic
environment.
These
suggest
ignoring
may
undermine
our
understanding
mechanisms
spatially
extensive
areas
decrease
accuracy
performance
predictive
models.
We
found
strong
analyses
which
can
be
interpreted
functional
relationships
several
(e.g.
macrophytes–macroinvertebrates,
fish–zooplankton).
Perhaps
more
importantly,
support
notion
make
crucial
contributions
species
sorting
paradigm
metacommunity
theory
raise
question
whether
these
biologically‐driven
signals
been
equally
underappreciated
other
aquatic
terrestrial
ecosystems.
Although
research
still
required
empirically
capture
importance
across
ecosystems
resolutions
extents,
findings
allow
decision
makers
better
foresee
main
consequences
human‐driven
impacts
inland
waters,
particularly
those
associated
with
addition
or
removal
key
species.
Abstract
Ponds
are
among
the
most
biodiverse
and
ecologically
important
freshwater
habitats
globally
may
provide
a
significant
opportunity
to
mitigate
anthropogenic
pressures
reverse
decline
of
aquatic
biodiversity.
also
contributions
society
through
provision
ecosystem
services.
Despite
ecological
societal
importance
ponds,
research,
policy,
conservation
have
historically
focused
on
larger
water
bodies,
with
gaps
remaining
in
our
understanding
pond
ecosystems.
In
May
2019,
researchers
practitioners
participated
workshop
tackle
several
ecology,
conservation,
management
issues.
Nine
research
themes
30
questions
were
identified
during
following
address
knowledge
around:
(1)
habitat
definition;
(2)
global
long‐term
data
availability;
(3)
stressors;
(4)
aquatic–terrestrial
interactions;
(5)
succession
disturbance;
(6)
connectivity;
(7)
monitoring
technological
advances;
(8)
socio‐economic
factors;
(9)
management,
policy.
Key
areas
for
future
inclusion
ponds
environmental
policy
discussed.
Addressing
fundamental
ecosystems
will
facilitate
more
effective
research‐led
pondscapes,
their
support
sustainability
services,
help
many
threats
driving
Diversity and Distributions,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
28(9), С. 1966 - 1978
Опубликована: Июль 2, 2022
Abstract
Aim
We
propose
a
novel
approach
that
considers
taxonomic
uniqueness,
functional
uniqueness
and
environmental
show
how
it
can
be
used
in
guiding
conservation
planning.
illustrate
the
using
data
for
lake
biota
environment.
Location
Lake
Puruvesi,
Finland.
Methods
sampled
macrophytes
macroinvertebrates
from
same
18
littoral
sites.
By
adapting
original
“ecological
uniqueness”
approach,
we
distance‐based
methods
to
calculate
measures
of
(LCBD–
t
),
f
)
(LCEH)
each
site.
also
considered
numbers
locations
sites
needed
protect
up
70%
total
variation
taxonomic,
or
features
studied
part
lake.
Results
Relationships
between
were
generally
weak,
only
relationship
macrophyte
LCBD–
was
statistically
significant.
Overall,
however,
if
whole
biotic
dataset
considered,
macroinvertebrate
values
showed
consistent
positive
with
.
Depending
on
measure
site
one‐third
one
half
could
help
ecological
Puruvesi.
Main
conclusions
Although
examined
originated
large
system,
proposed
here
applied
different
ecosystems
at
various
spatial
scales.
An
important
consideration
is
set
has
been
methods,
resulting
species
matrices
analysed
methodological
here.
This
framework
easily
grid‐based
data,
sets
islands
forest
fragments.
suggest
based
will
useful
tool
nature
ecosystem
management,
especially
associated
meta‐system
ideas
network
thinking.
Ecology Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
26(2), С. 203 - 218
Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2022
Human
impacts
such
as
habitat
loss,
climate
change
and
biological
invasions
are
radically
altering
biodiversity,
with
greater
effects
projected
into
the
future.
Evidence
suggests
human
may
differ
substantially
between
terrestrial
freshwater
ecosystems,
but
reasons
for
these
differences
poorly
understood.
We
propose
an
integrative
approach
to
explain
by
linking
four
fundamental
processes
that
structure
communities:
dispersal,
speciation,
species-level
selection
ecological
drift.
Our
goal
is
provide
process-based
insights
why
impacts,
responses
across
ecosystem
types
using
a
mechanistic,
eco-evolutionary
comparative
framework.
To
enable
insights,
we
review
synthesise
(i)
how
influence
diversity
dynamics
in
versus
communities,
specifically
whether
relative
importance
of
each
process
differs
among
(ii)
pathways
which
can
produce
divergent
due
strength
ecosystems
identify.
Finally,
highlight
research
gaps
next
steps,
discuss
this
new
conservation.
By
focusing
on
shape
aim
mechanistically
link
ongoing
future
changes
ecosystems.
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2020
The
metacommunity
framework
has
rapidly
become
a
dominant
concept
used
by
ecologists
to
understand
community
assembly.
By
emphasizing
extinction-colonization
dynamics,
dispersal,
and
species'
niche
requirements
in
determining
structure,
theory
unifies
local
regional
processes
as
integral
species
distributions
across
landscapes.
Metacommunity
structure
traditionally
been
treated
static.
However,
habitat
characteristics
composition
can
shift
through
time
because
of
factors
like
seasonal
ecosystem
disturbance,
multi-year
climate
variation
(e.g.,
El
Niño
Southern
Oscillation),
production
emergence
dormant
propagules.
In
most
systems,
the
relevance
such
temporal
for
persistence
metacommunities
is
an
open
question
that
potential
importance
conservation
management.
We
evaluate
synthesize
concepts
relevant
four
major
forms
dynamics
are
pertinent
metacommunities:
seasonality,
variation,
dormancy.
For
each
type
dynamic
we
review
theoretical
underpinnings
empirical
evidence
how
drives
structure.
also
consider
anthropogenic
change
further
influence
these
patterns.
Our
survey
highlights
climatic
differences
modify
distribution
availability
resources
connectivity,
with
consequences
use
landscape
interactions.
Disturbance
cycles
increase
but
implications
environmental
filtering
interactions
remain
unresolved.
Dormant
life
stages
serve
anchor
patches
pools
space
highlight
dispersal-dormancy
tradeoffs
Temporal
variability
biotic
abiotic
conditions
associated
drivers
relative
strengths
filtering,
interactions,
three
biological
drive
Inclusion
spatiotemporal
creates
patterns
diversity
differ
from
traditional
ideas.
insights
research
needs,
suggest
reconceptualization
undergoing
continuous
change,
discuss
dynamism
management
metacommunities.