Lakes in the era of global change: moving beyond single‐lake thinking in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 96(1), С. 89 - 106

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT The Anthropocene presents formidable threats to freshwater ecosystems. Lakes are especially vulnerable and important at the same time. They cover only a small area worldwide but harbour high levels of biodiversity contribute disproportionately ecosystem services. differ with respect their general type (e.g. land‐locked, drainage, floodplain large lakes) position in landscape highland versus lowland lakes), which dynamics these systems. should be generally viewed as ‘meta‐systems’, whereby is strongly affected by species dispersal, contributed flow matter substances among locations broader waterscape context. Lake connectivity determine degree lake prone invasion non‐native accumulation harmful substances. Highly connected lakes low accumulate nutrients pollutants originating from ecosystems higher landscape. monitoring restoration services consider fact that dynamism present local, regional global scales. However, local may plagued unpredictability ecological phenomena, hindering adaptive management lakes. Although data increasingly becoming available study responses change, we still lack suitable integration models for entire waterscapes. Research across disciplinary boundaries needed address challenges face because they play an role harbouring unique aquatic biota well providing goods future.

Язык: Английский

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Biotic homogenisation and differentiation as directional change in beta diversity: synthesising driver–response relationships to develop conceptual models across ecosystems

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 98(4), С. 1388 - 1423

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

ABSTRACT Biotic homogenisation is defined as decreasing dissimilarity among ecological assemblages sampled within a given spatial area over time. differentiation, in turn, increasing Overall, changes the dissimilarities (termed ‘beta diversity’) an increasingly recognised feature of broader biodiversity change Anthropocene. Empirical evidence biotic and differentiation remains scattered across different ecosystems. Most meta‐analyses quantify prevalence direction beta diversity, rather than attempting to identify underlying drivers such changes. By conceptualising mechanisms that contribute or composition space, environmental managers conservation practitioners can make informed decisions about what interventions may be required sustain predict potential outcomes future disturbances. We systematically reviewed synthesised published empirical for terrestrial, marine, freshwater realms derive conceptual models explain diversity. pursued five key themes our review: ( i ) temporal change; ii disturbance regime; iii connectivity alteration species redistribution; iv habitat v trophic interactions. Our first model highlights how occur function local (alpha) diversity regional (gamma) independently invasions losses due occurrence assemblages. Second, magnitude depends on interaction between variation (patchiness) (synchronicity) events. Third, context redistribution, divergent have dispersal characteristics, associated with also strongly alpha gamma prior invasion. Fourth, positively linked variability, when heterogeneity decreases increases, respectively. Fifth, interactions influence via modification, disease, consumption (trophic dynamics), competition, by altering ecosystem productivity. synthesis multitude cause more less spatially similar (taxonomically, functionally, phylogenetically) through consider studies should aim enhance collective understanding systems clarifying driving focusing only reporting per se .

Язык: Английский

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Biotic interactions hold the key to understanding metacommunity organisation

Ecography, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 43(8), С. 1180 - 1190

Опубликована: Май 19, 2020

Biotic interactions are fundamental drivers governing biodiversity locally, yet their effects on geographical variation in community composition (i.e. incidence‐based) and structure abundance‐based) at regional scales remain controversial. Ecologists have only recently started to integrate different types of biotic into assembly a spatial context, theme that merits further empirical quantification. Here, we applied partial correlation networks infer the strength dependencies between pairs organismal groups mapped imprints pond metacommunities. To do this, used comprehensive dataset from Mediterranean landscapes adopted perspective is best represented as network interacting groups. Our results revealed co‐variation among beta diversities multiple primarily driven by and, lesser extent, abiotic environment. These suggest ignoring may undermine our understanding mechanisms spatially extensive areas decrease accuracy performance predictive models. We found strong analyses which can be interpreted functional relationships several (e.g. macrophytes–macroinvertebrates, fish–zooplankton). Perhaps more importantly, support notion make crucial contributions species sorting paradigm metacommunity theory raise question whether these biologically‐driven signals been equally underappreciated other aquatic terrestrial ecosystems. Although research still required empirically capture importance across ecosystems resolutions extents, findings allow decision makers better foresee main consequences human‐driven impacts inland waters, particularly those associated with addition or removal key species.

Язык: Английский

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Pond ecology and conservation: research priorities and knowledge gaps

Ecosphere, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021

Abstract Ponds are among the most biodiverse and ecologically important freshwater habitats globally may provide a significant opportunity to mitigate anthropogenic pressures reverse decline of aquatic biodiversity. also contributions society through provision ecosystem services. Despite ecological societal importance ponds, research, policy, conservation have historically focused on larger water bodies, with gaps remaining in our understanding pond ecosystems. In May 2019, researchers practitioners participated workshop tackle several ecology, conservation, management issues. Nine research themes 30 questions were identified during following address knowledge around: (1) habitat definition; (2) global long‐term data availability; (3) stressors; (4) aquatic–terrestrial interactions; (5) succession disturbance; (6) connectivity; (7) monitoring technological advances; (8) socio‐economic factors; (9) management, policy. Key areas for future inclusion ponds environmental policy discussed. Addressing fundamental ecosystems will facilitate more effective research‐led pondscapes, their support sustainability services, help many threats driving

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the conservation priority of freshwater lake sites based on taxonomic, functional and environmental uniqueness

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(9), С. 1966 - 1978

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2022

Abstract Aim We propose a novel approach that considers taxonomic uniqueness, functional uniqueness and environmental show how it can be used in guiding conservation planning. illustrate the using data for lake biota environment. Location Lake Puruvesi, Finland. Methods sampled macrophytes macroinvertebrates from same 18 littoral sites. By adapting original “ecological uniqueness” approach, we distance‐based methods to calculate measures of (LCBD– t ), f ) (LCEH) each site. also considered numbers locations sites needed protect up 70% total variation taxonomic, or features studied part lake. Results Relationships between were generally weak, only relationship macrophyte LCBD– was statistically significant. Overall, however, if whole biotic dataset considered, macroinvertebrate values showed consistent positive with . Depending on measure site one‐third one half could help ecological Puruvesi. Main conclusions Although examined originated large system, proposed here applied different ecosystems at various spatial scales. An important consideration is set has been methods, resulting species matrices analysed methodological here. This framework easily grid‐based data, sets islands forest fragments. suggest based will useful tool nature ecosystem management, especially associated meta‐system ideas network thinking.

Язык: Английский

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Macroecology of macrophytes in the freshwater realm: Patterns, mechanisms and implications

Aquatic Botany, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 168, С. 103325 - 103325

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Linking human impacts to community processes in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 26(2), С. 203 - 218

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2022

Human impacts such as habitat loss, climate change and biological invasions are radically altering biodiversity, with greater effects projected into the future. Evidence suggests human may differ substantially between terrestrial freshwater ecosystems, but reasons for these differences poorly understood. We propose an integrative approach to explain by linking four fundamental processes that structure communities: dispersal, speciation, species-level selection ecological drift. Our goal is provide process-based insights why impacts, responses across ecosystem types using a mechanistic, eco-evolutionary comparative framework. To enable insights, we review synthesise (i) how influence diversity dynamics in versus communities, specifically whether relative importance of each process differs among (ii) pathways which can produce divergent due strength ecosystems identify. Finally, highlight research gaps next steps, discuss this new conservation. By focusing on shape aim mechanistically link ongoing future changes ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-group biodiversity distributions and drivers of metacommunity organization along a glacial–fluvial–limnic pathway on the Tibetan plateau

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 220, С. 115236 - 115236

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Damming affects riverine macroinvertebrate metacommunity dynamics: Insights from taxonomic and functional beta diversity

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 763, С. 142945 - 142945

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Integrating Disturbance, Seasonality, Multi-Year Temporal Dynamics, and Dormancy Into the Dynamics and Conservation of Metacommunities

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2020

The metacommunity framework has rapidly become a dominant concept used by ecologists to understand community assembly. By emphasizing extinction-colonization dynamics, dispersal, and species' niche requirements in determining structure, theory unifies local regional processes as integral species distributions across landscapes. Metacommunity structure traditionally been treated static. However, habitat characteristics composition can shift through time because of factors like seasonal ecosystem disturbance, multi-year climate variation (e.g., El Niño Southern Oscillation), production emergence dormant propagules. In most systems, the relevance such temporal for persistence metacommunities is an open question that potential importance conservation management. We evaluate synthesize concepts relevant four major forms dynamics are pertinent metacommunities: seasonality, variation, dormancy. For each type dynamic we review theoretical underpinnings empirical evidence how drives structure. also consider anthropogenic change further influence these patterns. Our survey highlights climatic differences modify distribution availability resources connectivity, with consequences use landscape interactions. Disturbance cycles increase but implications environmental filtering interactions remain unresolved. Dormant life stages serve anchor patches pools space highlight dispersal-dormancy tradeoffs Temporal variability biotic abiotic conditions associated drivers relative strengths filtering, interactions, three biological drive Inclusion spatiotemporal creates patterns diversity differ from traditional ideas. insights research needs, suggest reconceptualization undergoing continuous change, discuss dynamism management metacommunities.

Язык: Английский

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