Bending the curve of global freshwater biodiversity loss: what are the prospects?

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

ABSTRACT Freshwater biodiversity conservation has received substantial attention in the scientific literature and is finally being recognized policy frameworks such as Global Biodiversity Framework its associated targets for 2030. This important progress. Nonetheless, freshwater species continue to be confronted with high levels of imperilment widespread ecosystem degradation. An Emergency Recovery Plan (ERP) proposed 2020 comprises six measures intended “bend curve” loss, if they are widely adopted adequately supported. We review evidence suggesting that combined intensity persistent emerging threats become so serious current projected efforts preserve, protect restore inland‐water ecosystems may insufficient avert losses coming decades. In particular, climate change, complex harmful impacts, will frustrate attempts prevent from already affected by multiple threats. Interactions among these limit recovery populations exacerbate declines resulting local or even global extinctions, especially low‐viability degraded fragmented ecosystems. addition impediments represented we identify several other areas where absolute scarcity fresh water, inadequate information predictive capacity, a failure mitigate anthropogenic stressors, liable set limits on biodiversity. Implementation ERP rapidly at scale through many dispersed actions focused regions intense threat, together an intensification ex‐situ efforts, necessary preserve native during increasingly uncertain climatic future which poorly understood, emergent interacting have more influential. But implementation must accompanied improve energy food security humans – without further compromising condition Unfortunately, political policies arrest environmental challenges change do not inspire confidence about possible success ERP. parts world, Anthropocene seems certain include extended periods uncontaminated surface runoff inevitably appropriated humans. Unless there step‐change societal awareness commitment biodiversity, established methods protecting bend curve enough continued degradation loss.

Язык: Английский

---

Recovery and Degradation Drive Changes in the Dispersal Capacity of Stream Macroinvertebrate Communities

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Freshwater ecosystems face significant threats, including pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, and climate change. To address these challenges, management strategies restoration efforts have been broadly implemented. Across Europe, such resulted in overall improvements freshwater biodiversity, but recovery has stalled or failed to occur many localities, which may be partly caused by the limited dispersal capacity of species. Here, we used a comprehensive dataset comprising 1327 time series macroinvertebrate communities ranging from 1968 2021 across 23 European countries investigate whether changes with ecological quality riverine systems. Sites experiencing exhibited net gain species tended containing stronger (e.g., active aquatic aerial dispersers, frequent propensity drift, insects larger wings). In contrast, sites degradation loss reduction proportion strong dispersers. However, this response varied extensively among local sites, some improving exhibiting no parallel gains macroinvertebrates higher capacity. Dispersal pool can affect success ecosystem projects. Management should focus on enhancing landscape connectivity create accessible “source” areas refugia for sensitive taxa, especially as change reshapes suitability. Additionally, biodiversity initiatives must incorporate adaptive decision‐making approaches that account site‐specific responses quality.

Язык: Английский

---

Asymmetrical evolution of cross inhibition in zooplankton: insights from contrasting phosphorus limitation and salinization exposure sequences

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 292(2042)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Understanding the evolutionary responses of organisms to multiple stressors is crucial for predicting ecological consequences intensified anthropogenic activities. While previous studies have documented effects selection history on organisms' abilities cope with new stressors, impact sequence in which occur outcomes remains less understood. In this study, we examined a metazoan rotifer species two prevalent freshwater stressors: nutrient limitation and increased salinization. We subjected populations distinct histories (salt-adapted, low phosphorus-adapted ancestral clones) reciprocal common garden experiment monitored their population growth rates. Our results revealed an asymmetric response phosphorus (P) salinity. Specifically, adaptation P conditions reduced tolerance salinity, whereas saline did not show such cross-inhibitory effects. Instead, addition moderate concentrations salt enhanced salt-adapted conditions, potentially as consequence evolved cross-tolerance. findings, therefore, underscore importance considering historical stressor regimes improve our understanding predictions organismal also significant implications ecosystem management.

Язык: Английский

---

Environmental DNA-Based Methods in Biodiversity Monitoring of Protected Areas: Application Range, Limitations, and Needs

Diversity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(6), С. 463 - 463

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022

Novel methods for species detection based on collection of environmental DNA (eDNA) are not only important in biodiversity assessment a scientific context, but also increasingly being applied conservation practice. The eDNA-based have significant potential regular use status assessments and actions protected areas (PAs) other effective area-based measures (OECMs) worldwide. Species from samples, such as water, sediment, soil, air, or organic material, has broad application scope with precise, comprehensive, rapid identification. Here, we provide an overview the range monitoring PAs, evaluate which this technology already been implemented nature conservation, examine challenges that can hamper further real world Based outcomes two projects, practical experience, current literature focusing their application, conclude promising novel approaches strong supplement methods, some cases even substitutes conventional used PAs. This advancement is expected to affect decision-making efforts PAs OECMs.

Язык: Английский

---

Sentinel responses of Arctic freshwater systems to climate: linkages, evidence, and a roadmap for future research

Arctic Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(2), С. 356 - 392

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2022

While the sentinel nature of freshwater systems is now well recognized, widespread integration processes and patterns into our understanding broader climate-driven Arctic terrestrial ecosystem change has been slow. We review current across key responses to climate, which are attributes these with demonstrated sensitive climate forcing. These include ice regimes, temperature thermal structure, river baseflow, lake area water level, permafrost-derived dissolved ions nutrients, carbon mobilization (dissolved organic carbon, greenhouse gases, radiocarbon), oxygen concentrations, trophic state, various aquatic organisms their traits, invasive species. For each sentinel, objectives clarify linkages describe insights already gained, provide suggestions for future research based on knowledge gaps. suggest that tracking in will expand breadth depth changes, early indicators looming, changes landscape, improve protection biodiversity resources.

Язык: Английский

---

Environmental DNA of aquatic macrophytes: The potential for reconstructing past and present vegetation and environments

Freshwater Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 68(11), С. 1929 - 1950

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2023

Abstract Environmental DNA is increasingly being used to reconstruct past and present biodiversity including from freshwater ecosystems. Macrophytes are especially good environmental indicators, thus their palaeorecord might shed light on postglacial environments. Here, we first review compare studies that use metagenomics, targeted capture, various barcoding metabarcoding markers, in order explore how each of these methods can be capture aquatic vegetation diversity change. We then investigate the extent which such a record leveraged for reconstructing local conditions, using case study based macrophyte ecological niches. find that, with state‐of‐the‐art barcode reference libraries, target P6 loop region chloroplast trn L (UAA) intron optimal maximise taxonomic resolution communities. Shotgun sequencing also retrieves high proportion diversity, but has lowest resolution, needs more widely applied before comparisons made. From our study, infer habitats sedimentary ancient records taxa. reconstructed Holocene thermal range, continentality, water pH, trophic status, conditions northern Fennoscandia. show an overall stability since 9,000 years ago, even though individual lakes display different trends variation climatic physico‐chemical conditions. Combined availability near‐exhaustive traits databases, data support wider reconstructions not limited plant inventories changes drivers. Sedimentary powerful tool measure as well lacustrine fluvial communities macrophytes.

Язык: Английский

---

Collapse of native freshwater mussel populations: Prospects of a long-term study

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 279, С. 109931 - 109931

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

Freshwater biodiversity is under threat, but long-term quantitative studies showing major demographic declines in invertebrate species are still scarce. Here we focus on a study (2004 to 2019) using four native freshwater mussel (Order Unionida) colonizing two canals of the Ebro River (Spain). Special attention was given Pseudunio auricularius (Spengler, 1793), critically endangered species. Generalized linear mixed models results showed significant temporal effects densities, with continuous decline all present, being Anodonta anatina, Potomida littoralis and Unio mancus now considered locally extinct. present studied canals, at very low densities (0.01 ind/m2). Capture-recapture data P. show progressive its survival probability, down 0.15 2020 Canal Imperial de Aragón, although Tauste it remains close 1. Based these results, discuss several hypotheses that may explain this rapid collapse unionid populations. Given precarious conservation status mussels both effective management measures should be urgently applied, including habitat restoration captive breeding.

Язык: Английский

---

Hydropower Dam Development and Fish Biodiversity in the Mekong River Basin: A Review

Water, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(7), С. 1352 - 1352

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

Over the last few decades, considerable concern has been expressed about threat of Mekong River Basin hydropower dams to a range important freshwater riverine fisheries, particularly for fish that seasonally migrate long distances. However, much less attention given biodiversity in high-diversity Basin, focus this paper. Through reviewing existing state knowledge regarding biodiversity, and threats it, we argue even though no species are definitively known have extirpated from date, dam development various other developments nevertheless pose serious biodiversity. Indeed, typically significantly block migrations larvae distribution, cause river fragmentation, fundamentally alter hydrology, change water quality, all factors potential intersect with each lead significant extirpation extinction, or some cases, functional when small population remains but larger is lost permanently. The circumstances further exacerbated by lag time between impact becomes evident, cumulative impacts, lack consistent data collection, including collection base-line data, insufficient post-project research related We contend more could should be done ensure basin’s exceptional not variously diminished destroyed during coming years.

Язык: Английский

---

Unintended consequences of valuing the contributions of non-native species: misguided conservation initiatives in a megadiverse region

Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(12), С. 3915 - 3938

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Long-term data show alarming decline of majority of fish species in a Lower Mekong basin fishery

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 891, С. 164624 - 164624

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

---