Population genomics for wildlife conservation and management

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(1), С. 62 - 82

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2020

Biodiversity is under threat worldwide. Over the past decade, field of population genomics has developed across nonmodel organisms, and results this research have begun to be applied in conservation management wildlife species. Genomics tools can provide precise estimates basic features populations, such as effective size, inbreeding, demographic history structure, that are critical for efforts. Moreover, studies identify particular genetic loci variants responsible inbreeding depression or adaptation changing environments, allowing efforts estimate capacity populations evolve adapt response environmental change manage adaptive variation. While connections from been slow develop, these increasingly strengthening. Here we review primary areas which approaches management, highlight examples how they used, recommendations building on progress made field.

Язык: Английский

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Guidelines for planning genomic assessment and monitoring of locally adaptive variation to inform species conservation

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 11(7), С. 1035 - 1052

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2017

Abstract Identifying and monitoring locally adaptive genetic variation can have direct utility for conserving species at risk, especially when management may include actions such as translocations restoration, rescue, or assisted gene flow. However, genomic studies of local adaptation require careful planning to be successful, in some cases not a worthwhile use resources. Here, we offer an framework help conservation biologists managers decide genomics is likely effective detecting adaptation, how plan assessment address objectives. Studies using tools will inform many cases, including applications flow identifying units. In others, assessing diversity, inbreeding, demographics selectively neutral markers most useful. And assessed more efficiently alternative approaches common garden experiments. identify key considerations variation, provide road map successful collaborations with experts issues study design data analysis, guidelines interpreting results from assessments programs actions.

Язык: Английский

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The era of reference genomes in conservation genomics

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(3), С. 197 - 202

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2022

Progress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate genomes representing global biodiversity. These provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses population functional genomics, are expected revolutionize conservation genomics.

Язык: Английский

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How genomics can help biodiversity conservation

Trends in Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 39(7), С. 545 - 559

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches applications in conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, current shortcomings applications. Most perform best combination with reference genomes from target species or closely related species. We review case studies to illustrate how facilitate research across tree life. conclude that time is ripe view fundamental integrate their use a practice genomics.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic load: genomic estimates and applications in non-model animals

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(8), С. 492 - 503

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Global Commitments to Conserving and Monitoring Genetic Diversity Are Now Necessary and Feasible

BioScience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 71(9), С. 964 - 976

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2021

Abstract Global conservation policy and action have largely neglected protecting monitoring genetic diversity—one of the three main pillars biodiversity. Genetic diversity (diversity within species) underlies species’ adaptation survival, ecosystem resilience, societal innovation. The low priority given to has been due knowledge gaps in key areas, including importance trends change; perceived high expense availability scattered nature data; complicated concepts information that are inaccessible policymakers. However, numerous recent advances knowledge, technology, databases, practice, capacity now set stage for better integration instruments efforts. We review these developments explore how they can support improved consideration global commitments enable countries monitor, report on, take maintain or restore diversity.

Язык: Английский

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Conservation and the Genomics of Populations

Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2022

Abstract Loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing world today. Conservation and Genomics Populations gives a comprehensive overview essential background, concepts, tools needed to understand how genetic information can be used conserve species threatened with extinction, manage ecological or commercial importance. New molecular techniques, statistical methods, computer programs, principles, methods are becoming increasingly useful in conservation biological diversity. Using balance data theory, coupled basic applied research examples, this book examines phenotypic variation natural populations, principles mechanisms evolutionary change, interpretation from these conservation. The includes examples plants, animals, microbes wild captive populations. This third edition has been thoroughly revised include advances genomics contains new chapters on population genomics, monitoring, genetics practice, as well sections climate emerging diseases, metagenomics, more. More than one-third references were published after previous edition. Each 24 Appendix end Guest Box written by an expert who provides example presented chapter their own work. for advanced undergraduate graduate students genetics, resource management, biology, professional biologists policy-makers working wildlife habitat management agencies. Much will also interest nonprofessionals curious about role

Язык: Английский

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Threatened Species Initiative: Empowering conservation action using genomic resources

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(4)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2022

Globally, 15,521 animal species are listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and these less than 3% have genomic resources that can inform conservation management. To combat this, global genome initiatives developing resources, yet production a reference alone does not conserve species. The allows us to develop suite tools understand both genome-wide functional diversity within between practitioners use their decision-making. But, at present there is an implementation gap release information data in applied practitioners. In May 2020, we launched Threatened Species Initiative brought consortium biologists, population bioinformaticians, geneticists, ecologists together with agencies across Australia, including government, zoos, nongovernment organizations. Our objective create foundation advance our understanding key Australian species, ultimately empower access apply decision-making processes through web-based portal. Currently, 61 from range taxa, more 130 collaborators academia, Developed direct consultation government threatened-species managers other practitioners, herein framework meeting needs systematic approach integrating genomics into recovery.

Язык: Английский

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Genomics for monitoring and understanding species responses to global climate change

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(3), С. 165 - 183

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

All life forms across the globe are experiencing drastic changes in environmental conditions as a result of global climate change. These happening rapidly, incur substantial socioeconomic costs, pose threats to biodiversity and diminish species' potential adapt future environments. Understanding monitoring how organisms respond human-driven change is therefore major priority for conservation rapidly changing environment. Recent developments genomic, transcriptomic epigenomic technologies enabling unprecedented insights into evolutionary processes molecular bases adaptation. This Review summarizes methods that apply integrate omics tools experimentally investigate, monitor predict species communities wild cope with change, which by genetically adapting new conditions, through range shifts or phenotypic plasticity. We identify advantages limitations each method discuss research avenues would improve our understanding responses highlighting need holistic, multi-omics approaches ecosystem during Species can shifting their these responses.

Язык: Английский

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Neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in plants: An overview

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve response new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk extinction. Although the importance incorporating into design conservation measures now well understood, less attention has been paid distinction between neutral (NGV) adaptive (AGV) variation. In this review, we first focus on utility NGV by examining ways quantify it, reviewing applications infer ecological processes, exploring its designing plant species. Against background, then summarize identify estimate AGV discuss potential use conservation. After comparing considering their pros cons context, conclude there urgent need better understanding role adaptation. To date, however, only few studies non-model species aimed at deciphering genomic basis complex trait Therefore, researchers practitioners should keep utilizing develop relevant strategies rare endangered until more estimates available.

Язык: Английский

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