Neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in plants: An overview

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve response new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk extinction. Although the importance incorporating into design conservation measures now well understood, less attention has been paid distinction between neutral (NGV) adaptive (AGV) variation. In this review, we first focus on utility NGV by examining ways quantify it, reviewing applications infer ecological processes, exploring its designing plant species. Against background, then summarize identify estimate AGV discuss potential use conservation. After comparing considering their pros cons context, conclude there urgent need better understanding role adaptation. To date, however, only few studies non-model species aimed at deciphering genomic basis complex trait Therefore, researchers practitioners should keep utilizing develop relevant strategies rare endangered until more estimates available.

Язык: Английский

---

Monitoring of species’ genetic diversity in Europe varies greatly and overlooks potential climate change impacts

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(2), С. 267 - 281

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2024

Abstract Genetic monitoring of populations currently attracts interest in the context Convention on Biological Diversity but needs long-term planning and investments. However, genetic diversity has been largely neglected biodiversity monitoring, when addressed, it is treated separately, detached from other conservation issues, such as habitat alteration due to climate change. We report an accounting efforts monitor population Europe (genetic effort, GME), evaluation which can help guide future capacity building collaboration towards areas most need expanded monitoring. Overlaying GME with where ranges selected species approach current niche limits helps identify whether coincides anticipated change effects biodiversity. Our analysis suggests that country area, financial resources policy influence GME, high values only partially match species’ joint patterns suitable climatic conditions. Populations at trailing margins probably hold important for adaptation changing climate. results illuminate investment across gradients occupied by focal species, a arguably greatest southeastern European countries. This could be met part expanding Union’s Birds Habitats Directives fully address diversity.

Язык: Английский

---

The Peril of Gene-Targeted Conservation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 33(11), С. 827 - 839

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2018

Язык: Английский

---

Differentiation measures for conservation genetics

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 11(7), С. 1139 - 1148

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2018

We compare the two main classes of measures population structure in genetics: (i) fixation such as FST,GST, and θ (ii) allelic differentiation Jost's D entropy differentiation. These groups quantify complementary aspects structure, which have no necessary relationship with each other. focus especially on empirical relevant to conservation analyses. At level, first set nearness fixation, while second relative degree The sets do not compete Fixation are often misinterpreted applications; we give examples theoretical explanations showing why this interpretation can mislead. This misinterpretation has led mistaken belief that absolute number migrants determines between demes when mutation rate is low; show finite island model, a different quantity, factor controls D, good predictor evolution actual genetic divergence at equilibrium model. also decisions require judgments about differences composition demes, should be used instead measures. Allelic fast-mutating markers rank pairs or according their differentiation, but coding loci interest directly measured order judge its magnitude these loci.

Язык: Английский

---

Recent advances in conservation and population genomics data analysis

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 11(8), С. 1197 - 1211

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2018

Abstract New computational methods and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approaches have enabled the use of thousands or hundreds genetic markers to address previously intractable questions. The massive marker sets present both new data analysis challenges opportunities visualize, understand, apply population conservation genomic in novel ways. large scale complexity NGS also increases expertise effort required thoroughly thoughtfully analyze interpret data. To aid this endeavor, a recent workshop entitled “Population Genomic Data Analysis,” known as “ConGen 2017,” was held at University Montana. ConGen brought 15 instructors together with knowledge wide range topics including filtering, genome assembly, monitoring effective size, migration modeling, detecting adaptive variation, genomewide association analysis, inbreeding depression, landscape genomics. Here, we summarize major themes important take‐home points that were offered students throughout. We emphasize increasing participation by women genomics vital step for advancement science. Some emerged during included need visualization its importance finding problematic data, effects filtering choices on downstream analyses, availability whole‐genome sequencing, it presents. Our goal here is help motivate educate worldwide audience improve interpretation, thereby advance contribution molecular ecology, evolutionary biology, especially biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

---

Evaluating genomic data for management of local adaptation in a changing climate: A lodgepole pine case study

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 13(1), С. 116 - 131

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2019

We evaluate genomic data, relative to phenotypic and climatic as a basis for assisted gene flow genetic conservation. Using seedling common garden trial of 281 lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) populations from across western Canada, we compare data assess their effectiveness in characterizing the drivers spatial scale local adaptation this species. find that phenotype-associated loci are equivalent or slightly superior climate describing traits, but have not been selected associations. also agreement between variables associated with variation 20-year heights long-term provenance trial, suggesting may be viable option identifying where unavailable. Genetic clines experimental traits occur at broad scales, standing adaptive alleles similar species does require management scales finer than those indicated by data. This study demonstrates most useful when paired can fill some traditional roles which trials feasible.

Язык: Английский

---

The importance of considering genetic diversity in shark and ray conservation policies

Conservation Genetics, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 19(3), С. 501 - 525

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2017

Язык: Английский

---

Modern Strategies to Assess and Breed Forest Tree Adaptation to Changing Climate

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2020

Studying the genetics of adaptation to new environments in ecologically and industrially important tree species is currently a major research line fields plant science genetic improvement for tolerance abiotic stress. Exploring genomic basis local imperative assessing conditions under which trees will successfully adapt situ global climate change. However, this knowledge has scarcely been used conservation forest because woody perennials face limitations such as their outcrossing reproductive systems, long juvenile phase, huge genome sizes. Therefore, review we discuss predictive approaches that promise increasing selection accuracy shortening generation intervals. They may also assist detection novel allelic variants from germplasm, disclose potential different environments. For instance, natural populations allow using tools population genomics field study signatures adaptation. Conventional markers whole sequencing both help identifying genes diverge between more than expected neutrality, exhibit unique diversity indicative 'selective sweeps'. Ultimately, these efforts inform breeding status capable pivoting health, ecosystem services, sustainable production. Key long-term perspectives include understanding how trees' phylogeographic history affect adaptive relevant variation available environmental Encouraging 'big data' (machine learning –ML) comprehensively merging heterogeneous ecological datasets becomes imperative, too.

Язык: Английский

---

Applying genomic data in wildlife monitoring: Development guidelines for genotyping degraded samples with reduced single nucleotide polymorphism panels

Molecular Ecology Resources, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(3), С. 662 - 680

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2020

Abstract The genomic era has led to an unprecedented increase in the availability of genome‐wide data for a broad range taxa. Wildlife management strives make use these vast resources enable refined genetic assessments that enhance biodiversity conservation. However, as new platforms emerge, problems remain adapting usually complex approaches genotyping noninvasively collected wildlife samples. Here, we provide practical guidelines standardized development reduced single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels applicable microfluidic degraded DNA samples, such faeces or hairs. We demonstrate how SNP can be optimized efficiently monitor European wildcat ( Felis silvestris S.) populations. show set up modular fashion accommodate informative markers relevant population genetics questions, individual identification, hybridization assessment and detection structure. discuss various aspects regarding implementation framework will allow both molecular ecologists practitioners help bridge gap between genomics applied

Язык: Английский

---

Population Genomics: Advancing Understanding of Nature

Population genomics, Год журнала: 2018, Номер unknown, С. 3 - 79

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

---