bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2023
ABSTRACT
Genetic
variation
of
immune
genes
is
an
important
component
genetic
diversity.
Major
histocompatibility
complex
(MHC)
have
been
put
forward
as
a
model
for
studying
how
diversity
maintained
and
geographically
distributed
in
wild
populations.
Pathogen-mediated
selection
processes
(i.e.,
heterozygosity
advantage,
rare-allele
advantage
or
fluctuating
selection)
demography
are
believed
to
generate
maintain
the
extreme
MHC
observed.
However,
establishing
relative
importance
different
proposed
mechanisms
has
proved
extremely
difficult,
but
heterozygote
expected
be
more
detectable
when
multiple
pathogens
considered
simultaneously.
Here,
we
test
whether
three
amphibian
species
(
Ichthyosaura
alpestris,
Pleurodeles
waltl,
Pelophylax
perezi
)
driven
by
pathogen-mediated
selection.
We
examined
relationship
between
individual
class
II
exon
variability
with
infection
status
(infected
not),
intensity,
co-infection
two
main
pathogens:
Batrachochytrium
dendrobatidis
Bd
Ranavirus
sp.
Rv
).
found
higher
2
allelic
I.alpestris
P.
than
P.waltl
no
significant
differences
allele
frequencies
groups.
also
observed
intensity
infected
individuals
co-infected
depending
on
number
loci
that
carries.
For
I.
alpestris
,
show
stronger
evidence
associations
carry
specific
alleles
supertypes.
Our
results
suggest
association
single
might
provide
new
insights
into
host-parasite
evolution
better
understanding
evolutionary
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Wild
species
are
susceptible
to
several
typical
domestic
animal
pathogens,
and
the
increasingly
close
contact
between
these
groups
is
a
predictive
factor
for
disease
exposure.
Some
viruses
important
old‐known,
others
emerging
or
reemerging
carnivorans
have
been
identified
as
threats
conservation
of
wild
mammals.
The
purpose
study
was
investigate
occurrence
bocaparvoviruses
(BoVs,
Parvoviridae
family,
Parvovirinae
subfamily,
Bocaparvovirus
genus),
parvoviruses
(
Protoparvovirus
genus,
carnivoran1
),
hepadnaviruses
Hepadnaviridae
family),
coronaviruses
Coronaviridae
Orthocoronavirinae
subfamily),
paramyxoviruses
Paramyxoviridae
family)
canine
distemper
virus
Orthoparamyxovirinae
Morbillivirus
canis
poxviruses
Poxviridae
feline
herpesvirus
Orthoherpesviridae
Alphaherpesvirinae
Varicellovirus
felidalpha1
calicivirus
Caliciviridae
Vesivirus
FCV
immunodeficiency
Retroviridae
Orthoretrovirinae
Lentivirus
FIV
leukemia
Gammaretrovirus
FeLV
gammaherpesviruses
Gammaherpesvirinae
subfamily)
in
carnivorans.
A
total
30
biological
samples
from
families
Canidae,
Felidae,
Mephitidae,
Mustelidae,
Procyonidae
were
evaluated.
All
animals
victims
vehicular
collisions
state
Mato
Grosso
do
Sul,
Brazil.
Canine
parvovirus
(CPV‐2)
DNA
detected
spleen
bush
dog
Speothos
venaticus
jaguarundi
Puma
yagouaroundi
jaguar
Panthera
onca
proviral
found
an
ocelot
Leopardus
pardalis
);
while
CDV
RNA
liver
jaguarundi.
Phylogenetic
analysis
carried
out
with
partial
sequence
CPV‐2
VP2
gene
U3
(LTR)
gag
region
showed
100%
identity
strains
obtained
dogs
cats,
respectively.
approximation
favors
transmission
especially
phylogenetically
species,
such
members
Canidae
Felidae
families.
Identification
potentially
fatal
CPV‐2,
FeLV,
four
wilds
endangered
extinction
understudied
contributes
our
understanding
pathogens
circulating
this
free‐ranging
vulnerable
population.
Veterinary Medicine International,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
2025(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Feline
leukemia
virus
(FeLV)
is
an
oncogenic
immunosuppressive
belonging
to
the
Retroviridae
family
and
one
of
most
common
causes
a
major
infectious
disorder
in
cats
that
can
lead
potentially
fatal
associated
diseases
with
worse
prognosis.
FeLV
infects
replicates
hematopoietic
lymphatic
cells
causing
anemia,
lymphoma,
leukemia.
Diagnosis
usually
performed
by
clinicians
using
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
or
lateral
flow
tests
detect
p27
antigen.
The
aim
this
work
was
development
FeLVCHECK
Ag
ELISA,
new
rapid
direct
sandwich
ELISA
detects
antigen
FeLV.
Assay
cut-off
estimated
multiple
approaches,
including
Youden
index
ROC
curve,
obtain
optimal
test
performance.
validated
112
feline
sera
(42
positives
70
negatives
for
FeLV)
against
ViraCHEK/FeLV
(Zoetis)
as
reference,
which
agreed
at
97.3%,
97.6%
sensitivity
(95%
confidence
interval
(CI):
86.0%-99.9%)
97.1%
specificity
CI:
89.1%-99.5%).
Compared
another
INgezim
DAS
(Gold
Standard
Diagnostics),
agreement
90.2%.
both
accurate
precise,
intra
inter-assay
coefficients
variation
(CV)
below
10%.
Accelerated
real-time
stability
studies
set
shelf
life
kit
18
months.
This
study
clearly
suggests
be
valuable
tool
clinical
practice,
it
provides
very
reliable
results
without
need
sample
preparation
particular
laboratory
equipment
since
all
incubations
are
room
temperature.
Evolutionary Applications,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
14(4), С. 1070 - 1082
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2020
Abstract
Human
transformation
of
natural
habitats
facilitates
pathogen
transmission
between
domestic
and
wild
species.
The
guigna
(
Leopardus
),
a
small
felid
found
in
Chile,
has
experienced
habitat
loss
an
increased
probability
contact
with
cats.
Here,
we
describe
the
interspecific
feline
leukemia
virus
(FeLV)
immunodeficiency
(FIV)
cats
guignas
assess
its
correlation
human
landscape
perturbation.
Blood
tissue
samples
from
102
free‐ranging
262
were
collected
analyzed
by
PCR
sequencing.
Guigna
cat
FeLV
FIV
prevalence
very
similar.
Phylogenetic
analysis
showed
sequences
are
positioned
within
worldwide
clades
high
nucleotide
similarity.
infection
was
significantly
associated
fragmented
landscapes
resident
There
little
evidence
clinical
signs
disease
guignas.
Our
results
contribute
to
understanding
implications
perturbation
emerging
diseases.
Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
19(3), С. 387 - 398
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2021
Free-roaming
domestic
cats
can
negatively
affect
wildlife,
and
understanding
how
they
use
space
is
fundamental
to
predict
their
potential
impacts.
In
this
study
we
describe
the
of
48
owned
free-roaming
assess
level
care
provided
by
owners
in
rural
areas
near
priority
conservation
southern
Chile.
Additionally,
camera
trap
data
from
two
protected
spatial
overlap
with
wild
vertebrates,
particularly
guigna
(Leopardus
guigna),
a
vulnerable
forest-dwelling
felid.
Cat
home
ranges
were
variable
(1–47.2
hectares)
activity
was
mostly
concentrated
within
100
meters
household,
maximum
foray
distances
up
2.5
km.
Cats
used
wooded
(12%
fixes
on
average),
native
forest,
where
endemic
and/or
threatened
species
documented.
Nonetheless
infrequently
detected
nearby
(1.7%
GPS
locations
1%
cameras).
The
strongly
associated
distance
household
forest
edge
range
house
density.
Our
findings
suggest
that
isolated
households
(>200
m),
problem
marginal
restricted
edges.
Management
general
deficient,
observing
birth
control
only
13%
lack
preventive
health
86%
cats.
impacts
could
be
exacerbated
under
increasing
land
subdivision
Chile
where,
without
population
strategies,
may
become
an
emergent
threat
for
wildlife.
Animals,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
11(4), С. 965 - 965
Опубликована: Март 31, 2021
The
wildland–urban
interface
lies
at
the
confluence
of
human-dominated
and
wild
landscapes—creating
a
number
management
conservation
challenges.
Wildlife
sightings
near
human
settlements
have
appeared
to
increase
in
last
years.
This
article
reports
51
records
presences,
sightings,
livestock
attacks
Puma
concolor,
large-sized
felid,
collected
from
2012
2020
across
O’Higgins
region
central
Chile.
were
concentrated
east
Andes
Range
foothills
(90%).
puma
is
higher
four
six
years
than
previously
studied
Of
records,
23.5%
are
between
0
999
m
nearest
settlement
(classified
as
very
close),
25.5%
1000
4999
(moderately
51%
over
5000
(distant).
Most
recorded
summer
(35%)
spring
(29%).
We
identify
an
area
approximately
9000
km2
suitable
habitat
most
probable
corridor
effectively
connecting
pumas
moving
eastern
western
areas,
encompassing
Angostura
de
Paine
mountain
range.
Our
results
contribute
understanding
presence
movements
P.
concolor
urban
areas
settlements,
confirming
their
persistence
adaptation
landscapes.
also
provide
insights
into
human–carnivore
coexistence
current
global
context
densely
populated
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
16(1), С. 46 - 46
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2023
Cat
ownership
is
common
in
Chile,
but
data
on
the
regional
prevalence
of
infectious
agents
are
limited.
A
sero-molecular
survey
120
client-
or
shelter-owned
domestic
cats
greater
Santiago
was
performed.
Whole
blood
DNA
tested
for
novel
hepatitis-B-like
virus,
cat
hepadnavirus
(DCH)
by
conventional
PCR
(cPCR)
and
quantitative
(qPCR),
feline
leukaemia
virus
(FeLV)
qPCR.
Point-of-care
serology
FeLV
p27
antigen
antibodies
recognising
immunodeficiency
(FIV)
p15
p24
DCH
detected
serum
2/120
(1.67%).
Sequencing
phylogenetic
analysis
showed
that
Chile
occupies
a
position
outside
main
clustering
near-complete
genome
tree.
Progressive
(antigen-positive,
provirus-positive)
regressive
(antigen-negative,
infections
were
identified
6/120
(5%)
9/120
(7.5%)
cats.
total
(1.7%)
had
dual
FeLV/FIV
infection,
another
2
FIV
infection
alone.
This
study
shows
global
footprint
includes
South
America
with
low
molecular
frequency
similar
to
reported
USA.
relatively
urban
male
at
risk
than
females.
Testing
control
measures
pathogenic
retroviruses
indicated.
The
potential
impact
FeLV,
Chile’s
wildcat
species
worthy
further
investigation.
Korean Journal of Veterinary Service,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
47(1), С. 41 - 48
Опубликована: Март 26, 2024
Parvoviruses
in
the
family
Parvoviridae
are
currently
classified
into
three
subfamilies,
Densovirinae,
Parvovirinae,
and
Hamaparvovirinae,
members
of
which
infect
non-vertebrate,
vertebrate,
both
non-vertebrate
vertebrate
hosts,
respectively.The
subfamily
Parvovirinae
is
divided
eleven
genera
based
on
recently
revised
taxonomy:
Amdoparvovirus,
Artiparvo-
