Host-parasite
interactions
are
impacted
by
climate,
which
may
result
variation
of
parasitism
across
landscapes
and
time.
Understanding
how
varies
these
spatio-temporal
scales
is
crucial
to
predicting
organism
will
respond
cope
under
a
rapidly
changing
climate.
Empirical
work
on
climates
limited.
Here,
we
examine
the
seasons
identify
likely
climatic
factors
that
explain
this
using
Agriocnemis
femina
damselflies
Arrenurus
water
mite
ectoparasites
as
host-parasite
study
system.
We
assessed
in
natural
population
subtropical
climate
between
2021-2023
calculated
prevalence
(percentage
infected
individuals)
intensity
(the
number
parasites
an
individual)
different
seasons.
Parasite
were
greater
during
cooler
(autumn
winter)
compared
hotter
(spring
summer).
Mean
temperature
precipitation
negatively
correlated
with
parasite
whereas
only
mean
was
intensity.
Tropical,
Subtropical
Mediterranean
countries
predicted
experience
extreme
events
(extreme
temperature,
less
frequent
drought)
consequence
anthropogenic
change,
our
finding
suggests
could
increase
aquatic
insects.
Authorea (Authorea),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 30, 2024
Insects
exhibit
diverse
colours
that
play
a
crucial
role
in
communication
directs
inter-
and
intra-species
interactions
such
as
predator-prey
sexual
selection.
Anthropogenic
climate
change
may
impact
insects
colour
expression
consequently
their
physiology
behaviour.
can
respond
to
changing
climatic
through
phenotypic
plasticity
or
genetic
modification,
however
it
is
unclear
how
any
of
the
resulting
changes
body
wing
with
conspecifics
heterospecific
(e.g.,
predator,
prey,
mate).
The
aim
this
review
synthesis
current
knowledge
consequences
driven
on
insects.
Firstly,
we
discussed
environmental
factors
affect
insect
colours,
then
outlined
adaptive
mechanisms
terms
microevolutionary
response.
Secondly,
conducted
systematic
performed
qualitative
analysis
understand
experimental
rearing
temperature
influences
colouration.
Finally,
gave
an
overview
beneficial
maladaptive
We
concluded
by
identifying
research
gaps
highlight
potential
future
areas.
Authorea (Authorea),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024
Several
insect
groups
exhibit
the
phenomenon
of
cannibalism,
preying
upon
individuals
same
species.
Cannibalism
is
an
intriguing
behavior
but
often
poorly
understood.
thought
to
be
influenced
by
sex,
life
history
stage,
and
physiological
condition
as
well
ecological
social
contexts
in
which
it
occurs.
Here
we
review
cannibalism
a
carnivorous
order
Odonata
(dragonflies
damselflies),
on
adult
stage
their
cycles,
based
primary
secondary
data.
We
collected
data
from
our
field
work
(mostly
opportunistic
observation)
spanning
eight
years
three
countries
(India,
Bangladesh
Australia)
including
published
literature
observations
global
citizen
science
portals.
In
total,
retrieved
86
instances
metadata
(developmental
sex
involved
cannibalism)
63
cannibalistic
instances.
found
that,
families
with
most
reported
cases
were
Coenagrionidae
(n=50)
Libellulidae
(n=31)
followed
Lestidae
(n=2),
Aeshnidae,
Calopterygidae
Euphaediae
each
one
example.
classified
odonates
into
four
patterns,
1)
Females
cannibalizing
males,
2)
males
females,
3)
intrasexual
and,
4)
mature
tenerals.
found,
female
was
higher
proportions,
compared
cannibalism.
further
Anisopteran
mostly
matures,
case
Zygoptera,
matures
canabilising
discuss
that
species
recognition
errors,
competition
for
mating,
mating
harassment
avoiding
strategies
are
major
driving
factors
odonates.
provide
comprehensive
insight
highlight
experimental
evidences
required
understand
mechanisms
Evolutionary Ecology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
35(5-6), С. 687 - 704
Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2021
Abstract
In
Odonates,
female
colour
polymorphism
is
common
and
implies
the
presence
of
two
or
more
types
with
different
colours
behaviours.
To
explain
this
phenomenon,
several
hypotheses
have
been
proposed
that
consider
morph
frequency,
population
density,
parasites,
mating
behaviour.
We
studied
blue-tailed
damselfly
Ischnura
elegans
,
a
species
blue
androchrome
gynochrome
morphs
(the
green
infuscans
rare
orange
rufescens-obsoleta
).
The
size
adult
males
females,
pairing
behaviour
between
three
was
assessed
in
field
conditions
throughout
reproductive
season
NW
Italy.
Moreover,
growth
emergence
success
larvae
produced
by
analyzed
standardized
conditions.
field,
showed
preference
for
despite
similar
frequency
females.
test
conditions,
male
females
also
observed.
Paired
paired
were
larger
than
unpaired
individuals,
while
there
no
differences
Males
parasitized
survival
higher
those
offspring
Our
results
suggest
progeny
at
larval
stage
could
counterbalance
parasitism
lower
andromorph
highlight
importance
considering
whole
life-cycle
studies.
Host-parasite
interactions
are
impacted
by
climate,
which
may
result
variation
of
parasitism
across
landscapes
and
time.
Understanding
how
varies
these
spatio-temporal
scales
is
crucial
to
predicting
organism
will
respond
cope
under
a
rapidly
changing
climate.
Empirical
work
on
climates
limited.
Here,
we
examine
the
seasons
identify
likely
climatic
factors
that
explain
this
using
Agriocnemis
femina
damselflies
Arrenurus
water
mite
ectoparasites
as
host-parasite
study
system.
We
assessed
in
natural
population
subtropical
climate
between
2021-2023
calculated
prevalence
(percentage
infected
individuals)
intensity
(the
number
parasites
an
individual)
different
seasons.
Parasite
were
greater
during
cooler
(autumn
winter)
compared
hotter
(spring
summer).
Mean
temperature
precipitation
negatively
correlated
with
parasite
whereas
only
mean
was
intensity.
Tropical,
Subtropical
Mediterranean
countries
predicted
experience
extreme
events
(extreme
temperature,
less
frequent
drought)
consequence
anthropogenic
change,
our
finding
suggests
could
increase
aquatic
insects.
