Adoption of a biologically-enhanced agricultural management (BEAM) approach in agroecosystems for regenerating soil fertility, improving farm profitability and achieving productive utilization of atmospheric CO2 DOI Creative Commons
David C. Johnson,

Hazel Johnson

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13, С. e19167 - e19167

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Background A 4-year field study, on the adoption of a Biologically-Enhanced Agricultural Management (BEAM) protocol, in cotton/cover-crop rotation Turkey, was designed to observe “change-over-time” soil organic carbon (SOC%) and total nitrogen (TSN%) at three profile depths (0–15 cm, 15–30 cm 30–45 cm) while tracking farm productivity profitability. Methods BEAM systems employ regenerative practices: (a) no-till, (b) no, or reduced synthetic nutrient amendments, (c) continuous roots ground (commodity/cover), accompanied with an injection (in-furrow planting) extract beneficial microbes, from Johnson-Su bioreactor. Three treatments: (1) BEAM+100% N (203 kg ha −1 ); (2) BEAM+15% (30.53 (3) BEAM-0% (No applied), were implemented, 5.22-hectare plot, assess influence protocols SOC%, TSN%, cotton production, Results The 0–15 demonstrated significant increase 0.39% SOC 1.83% SOC, for 1.44%, over study period, (y = 0.3136x + 0.1206; r 2 0.96; F(1,2) 45.1616, p 0.02143); non-significant loss −0.23% −0.3161x 0.156; 0.3183; 0.9339, 0.4358), exhibited 0.28% SOC; 0.0477x 0.4743; 0.9363; 29.4005, 0.03237). Annual cumulative increases ~6.59 metric tons (t) (C) yr , observed, 2019 2023, top 45 along annual TSN ~0.68 t all treatments. Cover-crop aboveground biomass increased annually 2021, 2022 2023 ~400 g, ~692 ~925 g dry m −2 providing agroecosystem surface accumulation ~1.78 C, ~3.08 C ~4.11 . Earthworm populations zero earthworms ~100 2023. also promoted: input reductions of: 100% herbicide, 56% insecticide, 61% diesel fuel, 85% fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer applications, reducing costs ~$470 Adoption agricultural management system, increased: (~6.59 growth cover-crop (~4.12 residual plant residues previous cover crops (~0.82 (d) exported lint (~0.77 ). Total avoidance included: pesticides inputs (~0.33 reduction respiration zero-till (~0.64 management, this agroecosystem, provided productive utilization, ~13.27 atmospheric

Язык: Английский

Unlocking complex soil systems as carbon sinks: multi-pool management as the key DOI Creative Commons
Gerrit Angst, Kevin E. Mueller, Michael J. Castellano

и другие.

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2023

Much research focuses on increasing carbon storage in mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM), which may persist for centuries to millennia. However, MAOM-targeted management is insufficient because the formation pathways of persistent soil are diverse and vary with environmental conditions. Effective must also consider particulate (POM). In many soils, there potential enlarging POM pools, can over long time scales, be a direct precursor MAOM. We present framework context-dependent strategies that recognizes soils as complex systems conditions constrain MAOM formation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

172
Conceptualizing soil fauna effects on labile and stabilized soil organic matter DOI Creative Commons
Gerrit Angst,

Anton Potapov,

François‐Xavier Joly

и другие.

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Fauna is highly abundant and diverse in soils worldwide, but surprisingly little known about how it affects soil organic matter stabilization. Here, we review the ecological strategies of a multitude faunal taxa can affect formation persistence labile (particulate matter, POM) stabilized (mineral-associated MAOM). We propose three major mechanisms - transformation, translocation, grazing on microorganisms by which fauna alters factors deemed essential POM MAOM, including quantity decomposability mineralogy, abundance, location, composition microbial community. Determining relevance these to MAOM cross-disciplinary studies that cover individual more complex communities, employ physical fractionation, isotopic, microbiological approaches advance concepts, models, policies focused effectively manage as carbon sinks, nutrient stores, providers food.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Rainforest transformation reallocates energy from green to brown food webs DOI Creative Commons
Anton Potapov, Jochen Drescher, Kevin Darras

и другие.

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 627(8002), С. 116 - 122

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Abstract Terrestrial animal biodiversity is increasingly being lost because of land-use change 1,2 . However, functional and energetic consequences aboveground belowground across trophic levels in megadiverse tropical ecosystems remain largely unknown. To fill this gap, we assessed changes energy fluxes ‘green’ (canopy arthropods birds) ‘brown’ (soil earthworms) food webs rainforests plantations Sumatra, Indonesia. Our results showed that most the channelled to web. Oil palm rubber had similar or, case agroforest, higher total compared rainforest but key nodes were distinctly different: more than 90% flux was by soil canopy, whereas 50% allocated annelids (earthworms). Land-use led a consistent decline multitrophic aboveground, responded with reduced levels, down −90%, shifts from slow (fungal) fast (bacterial) channels faeces production towards consumption organic matter. This coincides previously reported carbon stock depletion 3 Here show well-documented declines 4–6 are associated vast restructuring ecosystem compartments.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

20
Global engineering effects of soil invertebrates on ecosystem functions DOI
Donghao Wu, Enzai Du, Nico Eisenhauer

и другие.

Nature, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
High litter quality enhances plant energy channeling by soil macro‐detritivores and lowers their trophic position DOI Creative Commons
Linlin Zhong, Thomas Larsen, Jing‐Zhong Lu

и другие.

Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 106(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Abstract Detritus‐based resources, that is, plant litter, are a major energy source for many living organisms and considered to be key determinant of primary production nutrient cycling. Earthworms among the most important macro‐detritivores in terrestrial food webs play crucial role facilitating these processes ecosystems. Yet, influence litter quality on earthworm nutrition, consequently soil web dynamics, has remained largely underexplored, mainly methodological reasons. Here, we combined bulk compound‐specific stable isotope analysis amino acids investigate dietary contribution different resources species ecological groups. Our findings show earthworms acquired essential from bacterial (~60%) (~30%) with latter increasing importance higher quality, resulting lower trophic positions across species. The high corresponds dominance bacteria experimental soil, suggesting served as an intermediate link transferring detritus‐based earthworms. Bacterial contributions were notably soil‐feeding than litter‐feeding species, likely due more pronounced ingestion by Overall, our study indicates group macro‐detritivores, earthworms, receive detrital via channel. Further, it underscores shaping niches detritivores, thereby influencing overall structure webs.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Earthworms as catalysts in the formation and stabilization of soil microbial necromass DOI Creative Commons
Gerrit Angst, Jan Frouz, Jan Willem van Groenigen

и другие.

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(16), С. 4775 - 4782

Опубликована: Май 11, 2022

Microbial necromass is a central component of soil organic matter (SOM), whose management may be essential in mitigating atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate change. Current consensus regards the magnitude microbial production to heavily dependent on carbon use efficiency microorganisms, which strongly influenced by quality inputs these organisms feed on. However, recent concepts neglect agents relevant many soils: earthworms. We argue that activity earthworms accelerates formation stabilized aggregates organo-mineral associations reduces relevance pre-existing this process. Earthworms achieve through creation transient hotspots (casts) characterized elevated contents bioavailable substrate efficient build-up quick turnover biomass, thus converting SOM not mineralized process into state more resistant against external disturbances, such as Promoting abundance may, therefore, considered strategies aim accelerate wide locations commonly formation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

53
The role of earthworms in agronomy: Consensus, novel insights and remaining challenges DOI
Alix Vidal, Manuel Blouin, Ingrid M. Lubbers

и другие.

Advances in agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 78

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

38
Exogenous carbon turnover within the soil food web strengthens soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation DOI
Xinchang Kou, Elly Morriën, Yijia Tian

и другие.

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(14), С. 4069 - 4080

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Exogenous carbon turnover within soil food web is important in determining the trade-offs between organic (SOC) storage and emission. However, it remains largely unknown how influences sequestration through mediating dual roles of microbes as decomposers contributors, hindering our ability to develop policies for management. Here, we conducted a 13 C-labeled straw experiment demonstrate regulated residing influence transformation stabilization process after 11 years no-tillage. Our work demonstrated that fauna, "temporary container," indirectly influenced SOC processes mediated feeding on microbes. Soil biota communities acted both drivers contributors cycling, with 32.0% exogenous being stabilizing form microbial necromass "new" carbon. Additionally, proportion mineral-associated particulate showed "renewal effect" driven by promoted be more stable. study clearly illustrated inputs accumulation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

28
Stabilized microbial necromass in soil is more strongly coupled with microbial diversity than the bioavailability of plant inputs DOI Creative Commons
Gerrit Angst, Šárka Angst, Jan Frouz

и другие.

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 190, С. 109323 - 109323

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

Microbial necromass carbon (C) can substantially contribute to stabilized soil organic matter (SOM), and effective management of this C may help mitigate climate change. However, factors important the formation microbial are only partly understood. While bioavailable plant inputs induce by boosting growth use efficiency, other traits, such as those related secretion systems or adhesion motility, also be relevant. These traits independent bioavailability modulated environmental depth site age. Such links, however, have hardly been studied. Here, we used replicated plots European alder (more inputs) Scots pine (less investigate links among inputs, depth, age, community composition, in SOM, i.e., particulate occluded within aggregates (oPOM) mineral-associated (MAOM). We did not find evidence that nor were major drivers formation. Instead, certain taxa, diversity particular, most tightly MAOM. contributed oPOM (up ∼57% stored fraction), a pool considered largely derive from biomolecules. Combined, MAOM accounted for ∼23% bulk contents. Our results imply C-focused research consider constraints on composition diversity, pools than MAOM, plant-derived SOM.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

14
Agricultural limitations to soil carbon sequestration: Plant growth, microbial activity, and carbon stabilization DOI Creative Commons
Tuomas Mattila, Noora Vihanto

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 367, С. 108986 - 108986

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Soil carbon (C) sequestration is an important process for mitigating climate change while improving soil productivity. At the same time, it presents challenges nutrient availability and changing agricultural practices. The aim of this study was to survey limitations found on pioneering farms testing C using a Finnish network farmers farming A combination satellite monitoring, on-site measurements analysis used quantify evaluate physical, chemical, biological quality indicators plant productivity 20 (40 fields). were assessed through conceptual model, classifying them into three stages growth, microbial activity or stabilization. Based results, there are in all stages: growth constrained by crop choices which limit leaf area sunlight capture, processing limited poor structure moisture stress, stabilization waterlogging sulfur deficiency. These problems be widespread, but not present farms. Bringing levels best performing could reduce considerable gap between potential that achieved practice.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13