Progress on the world’s primate hotspots and coldspots: modeling ensemble super SDMs in cloud-computers based on digital citizen-science big data and 200+ predictors for more sustainable conservation planning

Ecological Processes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

Abstract Background Describing where distribution hotspots and coldspots are located is crucial for any science-based species management governance. Thus, here we created the world’s first Super Species Distribution Models (SDMs) including all described primate best-available predictor set. These SDMs conducted using an ensemble of modern Machine Learning algorithms, Maxent, TreeNet, RandomForest, CART, CART Boosting Bagging, MARS with utilization cloud supercomputers (as add-on option more powerful models). For global cold/hotspot models, obtained data from www.GBIF.org (approx. 420,000 raw occurrence records) utilized largest Open Access environmental set 201 layers. this analysis, occurrences have been merged into one multi-species (400+ species) pixel-based analysis. Results We present quantified hotspot prediction Central Northern South America, West Africa, East Southeast Asia, Southern Africa. The Antarctica, Arctic, most temperate regions, Oceania past Wallace line. additionally these modeled hotspots/coldspots discussed reasons a understanding non-human primates occur (or not). Conclusions This shows us focus future research conservation efforts should be, state-of-the-art digital indication tools reasoning. Those areas be considered highest priority, ideally following ‘no killing zones’ sustainable land stewardship approaches if to chance survival.

Язык: Английский

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Managing climate-change refugia to prevent extinctions

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(9), С. 800 - 808

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

HighlightsClimate-change refugia can support biodiversity by maintaining buffered conditions despite climate change and are a critical tool for the unfolding extinction crisis.Despite their capacity to protect biodiversity, climate-change will be increasingly vulnerable impacts of multiple interacting stressors may hence require management.Effective protection under facilitated managing or newly establishing on basis factors processes that create them.Using four clear steps, appropriate actions maintain refugia, ranging from minimal management more extensive restoration efforts, determined.Identifying reduce extinctions contribute landscapes holistically managed conservation change.AbstractEarth is facing simultaneous crises. Climate-change – areas relatively help address both these problems components when surrounding landscape no longer can. However, this often severe other stressors. Thus, need consider complex multidimensional nature refugia. We outline an approach understand refugia-promoting evaluate refugial determine suitable actions. Our framework applies as tools facilitate resistance in modern planning. Such refugia-focused change.

Язык: Английский

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Accelerated human-induced extinction crisis in the world's freshwater mammals

Global Environmental Change Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2, С. 100006 - 100006

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

Human activities have significantly impacted natural habitats and wildlife worldwide, particularly emphasizing repercussions for freshwater associated species. These negative impacts on fish are well known, but mammal species that regularly use dependend systems, there is an incomplete understanding. Here, we assessed the status of semi-aquatic inhabiting dependent ecosystems (hereafter referred to as mammals) evaluated impact human richness both globally by biogeographical regions. We used structural equation modeling simultaneous autoregressive models assess direct indirect effects seven anthropogenic-related variables overall richness. Specifically, examined anthropogenic disturbance threatened non-threatened species, with decreasing stable/increasing populations. Forty-three percent all classified IUCN Red List, 50% experiencing population declines. Furthermore, 48% affected domestic or international trade, while 75% face threats from geographically expanding activities. Aridity, pesticide pollution, footprint, croplands had strongest In contrast, coverage (FWs), Indigenous Peoples' lands (IPLs), protected areas (PAs) helped sustain globally, even stronger positive effect at individual conclude FWs, IPLs, PAs play a critical role in conservation helping safeguard these extinction, however, seldom focal point management strategies. The ongoing adverse present potentially catastrophic irreversible threat global environments including humans, reliant upon them. strongly advocate implementation more robust national policy frameworks endorse alternative sustainable livelihoods. Such can crucial alleviating pressures, thereby aiding mitigation extinction risk faced vital world's

Язык: Английский

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Losing lemurs: Declining populations and land cover changes over space and time

American Journal of Primatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Abstract Forest loss and degradation due to land cover changes imperil biodiversity worldwide. Subtropical tropical ecosystems experience high deforestation rates, negatively affecting species like primates. Madagascar's endemic lemurs face exceptionally risks of population declines extirpation. We examined how short‐term within a fragmented landscape in southeastern Madagascar impacted the density lemur species. Using line transects, we assessed nine across five forest fragments. Diurnal surveys were conducted monthly from 2015 2019 on 35 transects (total effort = 1268 km). Additionally, 21 surveyed nocturnally 2016 107.5 To quantify changes, generated use/land (LULC) maps Sentinel‐2 imagery using supervised classification for each year. For LULC maps, overlayed species‐specific buffers around all calculated proportion classes them. observed annual densities four diurnal cathemeral between 2019, with up 80% ( Varecia variegata ). While two nocturnal decreased, one increased fivefold Cheirogaleus major ) 2016. By Grassland was dominant type (50%), while Paddy Fields had smallest coverage (1.03%). Mature Agricultural Land most (63.37%), New decreased (–66.36%). Unexpectedly, did not find evidence that higher supported sampled areas, but found support negative impact degraded types three Our study underscores urgent need address land‐use their repercussions primate populations ecosystems. The diverse responses modified habitats highlight complexity these impacts emphasize importance targeted conservation efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Confirmation of Skywalker Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock tianxing) in Myanmar Extends Known Geographic Range of an Endangered Primate

International Journal of Primatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 45(4), С. 810 - 833

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Abstract Characterizing genetically distinct populations of primates is important for protecting biodiversity and effectively allocating conservation resources. Skywalker gibbons ( Hoolock tianxing ) were first described in 2017, with the only confirmed population consisting 150 individuals Mt. Gaoligong, Yunnan Province, China. Based on river geography, distribution skywalker gibbon has been hypothesized to extend into Myanmar between N’Mai Kha Ayeyarwaddy Rivers west, Salween River (named Thanlwin Nujiang China) east. We conducted acoustic point-count sampling surveys, collected noninvasive samples molecular mitochondrial cytochrome b gene identification, took photographs morphological identification at six sites Kachin State three Shan determine presence predicted suitable forest areas Myanmar. also 50 semistructured interviews members communities surrounding range forests understand potential threats. In State, we audio-recorded 23 groups group densities ranging 0.57 3.6 group/km 2 . 21 0.134 1.0 genetic data obtained from skin saliva samples, identified as (99.54–100% identity). Although these findings increase species’ known size distribution, are threatened by local habitat loss, degradation, fragmentation. Most exists outside protected areas. Therefore, IUCN Red List status should remain Endangered.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamic Quantification and Characterization of Spatial Heterogeneity in Mid-Sized Urban Landscape of India

Land, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(12), С. 1989 - 1989

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2024

Quantifying landscape features and linking them to ecological processes is a key goal of ecology. Urbanization, socio-economic growth, political influences, morphology have extended built-up urban regions from the core boundaries. Population expansion human activity in districts increased outlying areas living space borders, segmenting area affecting local ecosystem. Current space-based remote sensing (RS) techniques could be used visualize conditions future prognoses for district growth plan infrastructure. The Land Use Cover (LULC) patterns Sonipat district, located within National Capital Region (NCR), were examined using RS data 2011 (Landsat 7) 2021 (Sentinel-2) analyzed on Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. LULC datasets both years generated, followed by calculations metrics evaluate changes across study area. These metrics, computed R software version 4.4.2, include analyses at three levels: five patch level, nine class level. This paper provides detailed insights into these illustrating extent nature over decade. Aggregation fragmentation are observed area, as results indicate that urban, fallow, barren merged larger, contiguous patches time. shows consolidation smaller more extensive, connected land cover areas. Fragmentation described occurring between 2021, especially cropland class, where was divided smaller, isolated patches. means continuous types broken down numerous patches, increasing overall patchiness separation which might an impact. Landscape spatial-temporal monitoring would aid council planners better planning livelihood sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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Ecological Resilience in a Primate Community Affected by Gold Mining in Suriname

Biotropica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 57(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

ABSTRACT Tropical habitats in South America and Africa are being transformed by artisanal gold mining, but few studies have addressed how mining impacts animals at the community level. We assessed long‐term ecological resilience to disturbance for seven primate species ( Allouatta macconnelli , Ateles paniscus Cebus olivaceus Chiropotes sagulatus Pithecia pithecia Saguinus midas Sapajus apella ) Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname over a 20‐year period. Using 11 trails unpaved roads calculate “encounter rates” (species encountered/km walked), we compared encounter frequency, location, group size across four community‐wide surveys 2003, 2013, 2014, 2023. hypothesized that response would (1) affect rates, (2) shift location of encounters relative activity, (3) impact sizes. Intraspecific variation rates from 2003 2023 did not vary significantly, minimum sizes declined all (four showing significant declines). The three more recent also showed two were encountered areas close top mountain. suggest context intensified maintained stable some shifted their ranges, as evidenced higher farther periphery study area. While this suggests capacity face mining‐related disturbances, decline may be an early sign insidious effect.

Язык: Английский

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Highs and Lows of Arboreal Life: Space use and Movement Strategies of Lion‐Tailed Macaques (Macaca silenus) in the Western Ghats of India

American Journal of Primatology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 87(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Lion‐tailed macaques ( Macaca silenus ), endemic to the Western Ghats of India, are increasingly threatened by habitat loss and degradation, vulnerable environmental change. Insights into their spatial ecology can reveal strategies that enable these navigate use spatially complex heterogeneous spaces. This is crucial for conservation, given increasing human disturbance in around Ghats. study, conducted Silent Valley National Park between January June 2019, 2022, 2023, focused on two macaque troops occupying habitats with varying presence—in park's core (Sairandhri) buffer (Keeripara). The observed group sizes Sairandhri Keeripara were 51 21, respectively. We examined differences assessing vertical space use, two‐dimensional (2D) three‐dimensional (3D) home ranges, using an integrated step‐selection function understand movement‐based selection. similarities movement patterns across troops, notable mainly forest. troop, resident a more disturbed area, utilized smaller range (1.80 km²). They spent 94.2% time mid‐level canopy (6–20 m), descending rarely (1.1%) lower strata (≤ 5 likely due perceived high risk from predators humans, proximity roads. less had larger (3.05 km²) exhibited greater terrestriality (11.3%), 84.2% mid‐canopies. Both preferred areas cover fruiting trees, displaying similar slow movements (indicated through small step lengths large turning angles) near resources. Our findings suggest lion‐tailed may be strictly arboreal than previously believed, habitats. Strategic 3D based local ecological anthropogenic conditions highlights need conservation efforts maintain connectivity support flexibility this species.

Язык: Английский

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Human Herpesvirus 1 Associated with Epizootics in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Viruses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(5), С. 660 - 660

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

Human activity in sylvatic environments and resulting contact with wildlife, such as non-human primates (NHPs), can lead to pathogen spillover or spillback. Both NHPs humans host a variety of herpesviruses. While these viruses typically cause asymptomatic infections their natural hosts, they severe disease even death when move into novel hosts. In early 2024, deaths Callithrix penicillata, the black-tufted marmoset, were reported an urban park Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The epizootic was investigated collaboration CETAS/IBAMA Zoonoses Department Horizonte. Nine marmoset carcasses four sick marmosets found park; latter exhibited neurological symptoms systemic illness before succumbing within 48 h. Carcasses tested for rabies virus all negative, necropsy findings revealed widespread organ damage. addition, samples yellow fever virus, negative results. Finally, molecular testing, viral isolation, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) causative agent. likely source infection human-to-marmoset transmission, facilitated by close interactions feeding handling. This study highlights risks between nonhuman primates, emphasizing need enhanced surveillance public awareness mitigate future epizootics.

Язык: Английский

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Climate change and conservation strategies for the Anhui musk deer: habitat suitability and climate refuges in the Dabie Mountains

Landscape Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 40(5)

Опубликована: Май 5, 2025

Язык: Английский

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