Exotic and native plants play equally important roles in supporting and structuring plant-hummingbird networks within urban green spaces
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12, С. e16996 - e16996
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024
Background
Urban
gardens,
despite
their
transformed
nature,
serve
as
invaluable
microcosms
for
a
quantitative
examination
of
floral
resource
provision
to
urban
pollinators,
considering
the
plant’s
origin.
Thus,
knowledge
has
increased,
emphasizing
importance
these
green
areas
hosting
and
conserving
pollinator
communities.
However,
there
is
significant
gap
concerning
changing
availability
native
exotic
resources
over
time
impact
on
structuring
interaction
networks
with
specific
pollinators.
Methods
Over
year-long
period,
monthly
surveys
were
conducted
record
both
plant
species
visited
by
hummingbirds
in
an
garden
at
Tlaxcala,
Mexico.
Flower
visits
recorded,
total
flowers
each
tallied.
Additionally,
all
observed
recorded
during
transect
walks,
regardless
visits,
determine
hummingbird
abundance.
The
interactions
summarized
using
matrices,
network
descriptors
like
connectance,
specializacion,
nestedness,
modularity
computed.
Plant
core
periphery
also
identified.
Lastly,
simulations
performed
assess
network’s
resilience
extinction
highly
connected
species,
including
those
previously
situated
core.
Results
We
4,674
between
28
eight
species.
majority
plants
showed
ornithophilic
syndrome,
20
considered
exotic.
Despite
asynchronous
flowering,
was
overlap
across
different
throughout
year.
Exotic
Jacaranda
mimosifolia
Nicotiana
glauca
produced
more
annually
than
abundance
varied
study,
Saucerottia
berillyna
being
most
abundant
plant-hummingbird
displayed
high
indicating
generalization
interaction.
Significant
nestedness
observed,
mainly
influenced
enriched
plants,
while
Basilinna
leucotis
Cynanthus
latirostris
played
central
roles
among
hummingbirds.
Network
remained
generally
high.
Conclusions
Our
findings
provide
valuable
insights
into
dynamics
structure
influence
perturbations.
Understanding
managing
such
crucial
conservation
sustainable
functioning
ecosystems.
Язык: Английский
Optimizing plant species composition of green roofs for ecological functionality and biodiversity conservation
Urban Ecosystems,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
28(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Abstract
Green
roofs
provide
vital
functions
within
the
urban
ecosystem,
from
supporting
biodiversity,
to
sustainable
climate-positive
ESS
provisioning.
However,
how
plant
communities
should
best
be
designed
reach
these
objectives,
and
specific
green
roof
systems
vary
in
their
capacity
support
is
not
well
understood.
Here
we
compiled
data
on
traits
plant–insect
interaction
networks
of
a
regional
calcareous
grassland
species
pool
explore
could
optimised
contribute
ecological
functionality
for
predefined
solutions.
Five
distinct
with
practical
physical
constraints
were
designed,
modelled
using
object-based
optimization
algorithms
evaluated
five
metrics
(incl.
phylogenetic
structural
diversity).
Our
system
supported
range
interactions
roofs,
but
all
equally
beneficial,
resulting
wide-ranging
essentiality
redundancy
processes.
Floral
predictive
pollinator
preferences,
phylogeny
was
observed
govern
preferences.
Large
differences
can
expected
between
depending
design
extent
community
composition.
Multifunctionality
covariance
diverged
systems,
suggesting
that
inherently
universal
dependent
limitations
interactions.
We
conclude
informed
has
potential
simultaneously
ecosystem
services
biodiversity
conservation
by
optimising
landscape
resources
pollinating
insects
herbivores.
Язык: Английский