bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2022
Abstract
We
have
shown
that
excess
B-cell
activating
factor
(BAFF)
in
the
blood
of
HIV-infected
individuals,
is
concomitant
with
increased
frequencies
precursor-like
marginal
zone
(MZp)
B-cells,
early
on
and
despite
successful
antiretroviral
therapy
(ART).
recently
reported
HIV-uninfected
MZp
possess
a
strong
regulatory
(Breg)
potential.
As
such,
B-cells
highly
express
IL-10,
orphan
nuclear
receptors
(NR)4A1,
NR4A2,
NR4A3,
molecule
CD83,
as
well
ectonucleotidases
CD39
CD73,
all
which
are
associated
regulation
inflammation.
Moreover,
Breg
function
involves
CD83
signals.
Herein,
order
to
address
impact
HIV
infection
excessive
BAFF
environment
their
capacities,
we
performed
transcriptomic
analyses
by
RNA-seq
sorted
from
progressors.
The
profile
progressors
were
assessed
flow-cytometry
light
microscopy
high
content
screening
(HCS)
analyses,
respectively.
In
addition,
effects
controls
investigated
vitro
.
report
significant
downregulation
NR4A1,
NR4A3
gene
transcripts
when
compared
controls.
protein
expression
levels
also
downregulated
not
restored
ART.
observe
decreased
IL-10
tonsillar
individuals
following
treatment
BAFF,
significantly
diminished
function.
These
findings
suggest
contributes
alteration
potential
could
lead
loss
“immune
surveillance”,
during
possibly
other
situations
where
found
excess.
Author
Summary
population,
previously
described
human
tonsils,
presents
an
important
“Breg”
potential,
depicted
elevated
receptor
(NR)4As
levels,
similarly
Tregs,
our
knowledge
currently
underexplored
studies.
present
chronic
inflammatory
context
such
HIV-infection,
its
environment,
may
exert
capacities
MZp,
both
ex
vivo
,
affecting
NR4As
growing
significance,
especially
importance
MZ
NR4A1
atherosclerosis
immune
surveillance.
finding
surveillance
be
altered
circumstances
inflammation
pivotal
interest,
treated
often
prematurely
develop
co-morbidities
aging
cardiovascular
diseases
(CVD).
has
been
several
autoimmune
contexts
CVD
leading
cause
death.
Nature Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025
Abstract
The
rapid
onset
of
innate
immune
defenses
is
critical
for
early
control
viral
replication
in
an
infected
host
and
yet
it
can
also
lead
to
irreversible
tissue
damage,
especially
the
respiratory
tract.
Sensitive
regulators
must
exist
that
modulate
inflammation,
while
controlling
infection.
In
present
study,
we
identified
acetylcholine
(ACh)-producing
B
cells
as
such
regulators.
are
most
prevalent
ACh-producing
leukocyte
population
tract
demonstrated
with
choline
acetyltransferase
(ChAT)-green
fluorescent
protein
(GFP)
reporter
mice,
both
before
after
infection
influenza
A
virus.
Mice
lacking
ChAT
cells,
disabling
their
ability
generate
ACh
(ChatBKO),
but
not
those
T
significantly,
selectively
directly
suppressed
α7-nicotinic-ACh
receptor-expressing
interstitial,
alveolar,
macrophage
activation
secrete
tumor
necrosis
factor
(TNF),
better
virus
at
1
d
postinfection.
Conversely,
TNF
blockade
via
monoclonal
antibody
treatment
increased
loads
time.
By
day
10
infection,
ChatBKO
mice
showed
local
systemic
inflammation
reduced
signs
lung
epithelial
repair
despite
similar
clearance.
Thus,
key
participants
immediate
regulatory
cascade
controls
damage
shifting
balance
toward
cost
enhanced
replication.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2022
Abstract
Checkpoint
blockade
with
Pembrolizumab,
has
demonstrated
durable
clinical
responses
in
advanced
non-small
cell
lung
cancer,
however,
treatment
is
offset
by
the
development
of
high-grade
immune
related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
some
patients.
Here,
we
show
that
these
patients
a
deficient
Breg
checkpoint
fails
to
limit
self-reactive
T
enhanced
activity
and
auto-antibody
formation
enabled
PD-1/PD-L1
blockade,
leading
severe
auto-inflammatory
sequelae.
Principally
failure
IL-10
producing
regulatory
B
cells
as
through
functional
ex
vivo
assays
deep
phenotyping
mass
cytometric
analysis,
major
significant
finding
who
develop
irAEs
when
undergoing
anti-PD1/PD-L1
blockade.
There
currently
lack
biomarkers
identify
priori
those
at
greatest
risk
developing
syndrome.
Pre-therapy
profiling
could
provide
an
important
tool
cancer
high
on
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023
The
incidence
of
Diabetes
Mellitus
is
increasing
globally.
Individuals
who
have
been
burdened
with
diabetes
for
many
years
often
develop
complications
as
a
result
hyperglycemia.
More
and
more
research
being
conducted
highlighting
inflammation
an
important
factor
in
disease
progression.
In
all
kinds
diabetes,
hyperglycemia
leads
to
activation
alternative
glucose
metabolic
pathways,
resulting
problematic
by-products
including
reactive
oxygen
species
advanced
glycation
end
products.
This
review
takes
look
into
the
pathogenesis
three
specific
diabetic
complications;
retinopathy,
nephropathy
neuropathy
well
their
current
treatment
options.
By
considering
recent
papers
investigating
effects
immunotherapy
on
relevant
conditions
animal
models,
multiple
strategies
are
suggested
future
prevention
emphasis
molecular
targets
associated
inflammation.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Март 8, 2023
Activation
of
CD4
T
cells
by
B
has
been
extensively
studied,
but
cell-regulated
priming,
proliferation,
and
survival
CD8
remains
controversial.
express
high
levels
MHC
class
I
molecules
can
potentially
act
as
antigen-presenting
(APCs)
for
cells.
Several
in
vivo
studies
mice
humans
demonstrate
the
role
modulators
cell
function
context
viral
infections,
autoimmune
diseases,
cancer
allograft
rejection.
In
addition,
B-cell
depletion
therapies
lead
to
impaired
T-cell
responses.
this
review,
we
attempt
answer
2
important
questions:
1.
antigen
presentation
cytokine
production
regulation
fate
determination,
2.
The
formation
maintenance
memory.
Neurobiology of Disease,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
180, С. 106077 - 106077
Опубликована: Март 11, 2023
Acute
injury
to
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
remains
a
complex
and
challenging
clinical
need.
CNS
initiates
dynamic
neuroinflammatory
response,
mediated
by
both
resident
infiltrating
immune
cells.
Following
primary
injury,
dysregulated
inflammatory
cascades
have
been
implicated
in
sustaining
pro-inflammatory
microenvironment,
driving
secondary
neurodegeneration
development
of
lasting
neurological
dysfunction.
Due
multifaceted
nature
clinically
effective
therapies
for
conditions
such
as
traumatic
brain
(TBI),
spinal
cord
(SCI),
stroke
proven
develop.
No
therapeutics
that
adequately
address
chronic
component
are
currently
available.
Recently,
B
lymphocytes
gained
increasing
appreciation
their
role
maintaining
homeostasis
regulating
responses
context
tissue
injury.
Here
we
review
response
with
particular
focus
on
underexplored
cells
summarize
recent
results
use
purified
novel
immunomodulatory
therapeutic
particularly
CNS.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023
Systemic
lupus
erythematosus
(SLE)
is
a
heterogeneous
multisystem
inflammatory
disease
with
wide
variability
in
clinical
manifestations.
Natural
arising
CD4+
regulatory
T
cells
(Tregs)
play
critical
role
maintaining
peripheral
tolerance
by
suppressing
inflammation
and
preventing
autoimmune
responses
SLE.
Additionally,
CD8+
cells,
type
1
(Tr1),
B
also
have
less
well-defined
the
pathogenesis
of
Elucidation
roles
various
Treg
subsets
dedicated
to
immune
homeostasis
will
provide
novel
therapeutic
approach
that
governs
for
remission
active
lupus.
Diminished
interleukin
(IL)-2
production
associated
depleted
cell
population,
its
reversibility
IL-2
therapy
provides
important
reasons
treatment
This
review
focuses
on
new
therapeutics
human
low-dose
benefits
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2023
Tolerogenic
dendritic
cells
(tDC)
arrest
the
progression
of
autoimmune-driven
dysglycemia
into
clinical,
insulin-requiring
type
1
diabetes
(T1D)
and
preserve
a
critical
mass
β
able
to
restore
some
degree
normoglycemia
in
new-onset
clinical
disease.
The
safety
tDC,
generated
ex
vivo
from
peripheral
blood
leukocytes,
has
been
demonstrated
phase
I
studies.
Accumulating
evidence
shows
that
tDC
act
via
multiple
layers
immune
regulation
arresting
action
pancreatic
cell-targeting
effector
lymphocytes.
share
number
phenotypes
mechanisms
action,
independent
method
by
which
they
are
.
In
context
safety,
this
yields
confidence
time
come
test
best
characterized
II
trials
T1D,
especially
given
already
being
tested
for
other
autoimmune
conditions.
is
also
now
refine
purity
markers
“universalize”
methods
generated.
This
review
summarizes
current
state
therapy
presents
points
intersection
different
embodiments
use
induce
tolerance,
offers
insights
outstanding
matters
address
as
studies
imminent.
Finally,
we
present
proposal
co-administration
serially-alternating
administration
T-regulatory
(Tregs)
synergistic
complementary
approach
prevent
treat
T1D.