Inflammation in Asthma: Mechanistic Insights and the Role of Biologics in Therapeutic Frontiers DOI Creative Commons
Mohammad Irshad Reza, Nilesh Sudhakar Ambhore

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(6), С. 1342 - 1342

Опубликована: Май 30, 2025

Asthma is a chronic and multifaceted respiratory condition that affects over 300 million individuals across the globe. It characterized by persistent inflammation of airways, which leads to episodes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, coughing. The most prevalent form asthma classified as Type 2 or T2-high asthma. In this variant, immune response heavily driven eosinophils, mast cells, T-helper (Th2) cells. These components release cascade cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-13 (IL-13). This promotes several processes: production immunoglobulin E (IgE), integral allergic responses; recruitment eosinophils—white blood cells contribute tissue damage. Conversely, non-Type T2-low typically associated with different inflammatory profile neutrophilic inflammation. type 1 (Th1) 17 (Th17) responses, are often present in older adults, smokers, those suffering from more severe manifestations disease. Among asthmatic patients, approximately 80–85% cases asthma, while only 15–20% Treatment focuses on controlling Inhaled corticosteroids remain cornerstone therapy for managing For treatment-resistant cases, biologic therapies targeting specific pathways, such anti-IgE (omalizumab), anti-IL-5 (mepolizumab, benralizumab), anti-IL-4/IL-13 (dupilumab), have shown great promise. macrolide antibiotics like azithromycin other novel being explored. article reviews safety, efficacy, indications currently approved biologics discusses potential

Язык: Английский

The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of asthma: inflammatory mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies DOI Open Access
И. Х. Борукаева,

Kemran G. Edilov,

Alina S. Dzueva

и другие.

Kazan medical journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

This article focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic potential in management of bronchial asthma, a global health challenge with increasing prevalence. The pathogenesis asthma is rooted immune-mediated inflammation involving formation inflammasomes, molecular complexes that regulate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes, particularly NLRP3, play pivotal role disease development by interacting allergens initiating signaling cascades lead to production pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) Interleukin-18. These recruit immune cells, including mast eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, which contribute airway inflammation, hyperreactivity, obstruction. examines phenotypes, infection-dependent atopic well association between NLRP3 inflammasome activation impaired lung function, steroid resistance, neutrophilic inflammation. Special attention given cellular involved process, interaction T-helper macrophages, leading release histamine, heparin, lysosomal enzymes, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, leukotrienes. Inflammatory mediators IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 remodeling, mucus hypersecretion, spasm. Furthermore, can disrupt epithelial barrier exacerbating allergic study highlights chronic changes tree caused prolonged It emphasizes importance regulation, use selective inhibitor MCC950, effectively reduces demonstrates promising for asthma. concludes underscoring integrating research into clinical practice, suggesting targeted therapy, could transform treatment. need shift toward personalized medicine managing diseases like

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Inflammation in Asthma: Mechanistic Insights and the Role of Biologics in Therapeutic Frontiers DOI Creative Commons
Mohammad Irshad Reza, Nilesh Sudhakar Ambhore

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(6), С. 1342 - 1342

Опубликована: Май 30, 2025

Asthma is a chronic and multifaceted respiratory condition that affects over 300 million individuals across the globe. It characterized by persistent inflammation of airways, which leads to episodes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, coughing. The most prevalent form asthma classified as Type 2 or T2-high asthma. In this variant, immune response heavily driven eosinophils, mast cells, T-helper (Th2) cells. These components release cascade cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-13 (IL-13). This promotes several processes: production immunoglobulin E (IgE), integral allergic responses; recruitment eosinophils—white blood cells contribute tissue damage. Conversely, non-Type T2-low typically associated with different inflammatory profile neutrophilic inflammation. type 1 (Th1) 17 (Th17) responses, are often present in older adults, smokers, those suffering from more severe manifestations disease. Among asthmatic patients, approximately 80–85% cases asthma, while only 15–20% Treatment focuses on controlling Inhaled corticosteroids remain cornerstone therapy for managing For treatment-resistant cases, biologic therapies targeting specific pathways, such anti-IgE (omalizumab), anti-IL-5 (mepolizumab, benralizumab), anti-IL-4/IL-13 (dupilumab), have shown great promise. macrolide antibiotics like azithromycin other novel being explored. article reviews safety, efficacy, indications currently approved biologics discusses potential

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0