The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of asthma: inflammatory mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies
Kazan medical journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
This
article
focuses
on
the
pathophysiological
mechanisms
and
therapeutic
potential
in
management
of
bronchial
asthma,
a
global
health
challenge
with
increasing
prevalence.
The
pathogenesis
asthma
is
rooted
immune-mediated
inflammation
involving
formation
inflammasomes,
molecular
complexes
that
regulate
inflammatory
responses.
Inflammasomes,
particularly
NLRP3,
play
pivotal
role
disease
development
by
interacting
allergens
initiating
signaling
cascades
lead
to
production
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
such
as
interleukin-1β
(IL-1β)
Interleukin-18.
These
recruit
immune
cells,
including
mast
eosinophils,
T-lymphocytes,
which
contribute
airway
inflammation,
hyperreactivity,
obstruction.
examines
phenotypes,
infection-dependent
atopic
well
association
between
NLRP3
inflammasome
activation
impaired
lung
function,
steroid
resistance,
neutrophilic
inflammation.
Special
attention
given
cellular
involved
process,
interaction
T-helper
macrophages,
leading
release
histamine,
heparin,
lysosomal
enzymes,
reactive
oxygen
species,
nitric
oxide,
prostaglandins,
leukotrienes.
Inflammatory
mediators
IL-4,
IL-5,
IL-13
remodeling,
mucus
hypersecretion,
spasm.
Furthermore,
can
disrupt
epithelial
barrier
exacerbating
allergic
study
highlights
chronic
changes
tree
caused
prolonged
It
emphasizes
importance
regulation,
use
selective
inhibitor
MCC950,
effectively
reduces
demonstrates
promising
for
asthma.
concludes
underscoring
integrating
research
into
clinical
practice,
suggesting
targeted
therapy,
could
transform
treatment.
need
shift
toward
personalized
medicine
managing
diseases
like
Язык: Английский
Inflammation in Asthma: Mechanistic Insights and the Role of Biologics in Therapeutic Frontiers
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(6), С. 1342 - 1342
Опубликована: Май 30, 2025
Asthma
is
a
chronic
and
multifaceted
respiratory
condition
that
affects
over
300
million
individuals
across
the
globe.
It
characterized
by
persistent
inflammation
of
airways,
which
leads
to
episodes
wheezing,
breathlessness,
chest
tightness,
coughing.
The
most
prevalent
form
asthma
classified
as
Type
2
or
T2-high
asthma.
In
this
variant,
immune
response
heavily
driven
eosinophils,
mast
cells,
T-helper
(Th2)
cells.
These
components
release
cascade
cytokines,
including
interleukin-4
(IL-4),
interleukin-5
(IL-5),
interleukin-13
(IL-13).
This
promotes
several
processes:
production
immunoglobulin
E
(IgE),
integral
allergic
responses;
recruitment
eosinophils—white
blood
cells
contribute
tissue
damage.
Conversely,
non-Type
T2-low
typically
associated
with
different
inflammatory
profile
neutrophilic
inflammation.
type
1
(Th1)
17
(Th17)
responses,
are
often
present
in
older
adults,
smokers,
those
suffering
from
more
severe
manifestations
disease.
Among
asthmatic
patients,
approximately
80–85%
cases
asthma,
while
only
15–20%
Treatment
focuses
on
controlling
Inhaled
corticosteroids
remain
cornerstone
therapy
for
managing
For
treatment-resistant
cases,
biologic
therapies
targeting
specific
pathways,
such
anti-IgE
(omalizumab),
anti-IL-5
(mepolizumab,
benralizumab),
anti-IL-4/IL-13
(dupilumab),
have
shown
great
promise.
macrolide
antibiotics
like
azithromycin
other
novel
being
explored.
article
reviews
safety,
efficacy,
indications
currently
approved
biologics
discusses
potential
Язык: Английский