How female × male and male × male interactions influence competitive fertilization inDrosophila melanogaster

Evolution Letters, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4(5), С. 416 - 429

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2020

How males and females contribute to joint reproductive success has been a long-standing question in sexual selection. Under postcopulatory selection, paternity is predicted derive from complex interactions among engaging cryptic female choice sperm competition. Such have identified as potential sources of genetic variation sexually selected traits but are also expected inhibit trait diversification. To date, studies between competing focused almost exclusively on genotypes not phenotypic traits. Here, we characterize within- between-sex Drosophila melanogaster using isogenic lines with heritable both male known influence competitive fertilization. We confirmed, expanded on, previously reported genotypic within the sexes, showed that several events, including transfer, ejection, storage, were explained by two- three-way sex-specific phenotypes. documented lengths males' seminal receptacle, which experienced rapid female-male co-diversification. Our results highlight nonindependence competition demonstrate sexes do limit ability multivariate systems respond directional

Язык: Английский

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EJACULATE QUALITY AND CONSTRAINTS IN RELATION TO SPERM COMPETITION LEVELS AMONG EUTHERIAN MAMMALS

Evolution, Год журнала: 2013, Номер unknown, С. n/a - n/a

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2013

The outcome of sperm competition is influenced by the relative quantity and quality among competing ejaculates. Whereas it well established that individual ejaculate traits evolve rapidly under postcopulatory sexual selection, little known about other factors might influence evolution For example, metabolic rate likely to affect production cellular activity or metabolism sperm, has recently been suggested constrain length in large but not small mammals. I thus examined eutherian mammals how vary with one another testis mass, body size, metabolism. found all covary positively increase mass. When controlling for small-bodied species showed superior (but number). Furthermore, motility viability were associated mass-corrected rate, percentage morphologically normal acrosome-intact not. These results indicate size energy budget may also quality, although these influences appear traits.

Язык: Английский

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Environmentally induced (co)variance in sperm and offspring phenotypes as a source of epigenetic effects

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 218(1), С. 107 - 113

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2015

Traditionally, it has been assumed that sperm are a vehicle for genes and nothing more. As such, the only source of variance in offspring phenotype via paternal line genetic effects. More recently, however, shown or environment fathers can affect offspring, challenging traditional theory with implications evolution, ecology human vitro fertilisation. Here, I review sources non-genetic variation evidence co-variation between phenotypes. distinguish two environmental phenotype: pre-release post-release environment. Pre-release, phenotypes vary within species according to male (e.g. body size) local conditions such as threat competition. Post-release, physicochemical experience, either when freely spawned released into female reproductive tract, further filter modify find both pre- environments phenotype; fertilisation is not new beginning – rather, experiences father upon release drive offspring. Interestingly, there was some stress resistance though more studies needed determine whether effects widespread. Overall, appears environmentally induced covariation non-negligible work their prevalence strength.

Язык: Английский

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Sperm chemotaxis promotes individual fertilization success in sea urchins

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2016

Reproductive success fundamentally shapes an organism's ecology and evolution, gamete traits mediate fertilization, which is a critical juncture in reproduction. Individual male fertilization dependent on the ability of sperm from one to outcompete other males when searching for conspecific egg. Sperm chemotaxis, navigate towards eggs using chemical signals, has been studied over century, but such studies have long assumed that this phenomenon improves individual fitness without explicit evidence support claim. Here, we assess changes upon use chemoattractant-digesting peptidase microfluidic device coupled with assay determine effect chemotaxis sea urchin Lytechinus pictus. We show removing chemoattractant gametic environment decreases success. further find differences well-defined gradient attractant correlate These results demonstrate important contributor reproductive

Язык: Английский

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Three decades of sperm competition in birds

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 375(1813), С. 20200208 - 20200208

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2020

In the three decades, since Birkhead and Møller published Sperm competition in birds (1992, Academic Press) more than 1000 papers have been on this topic, about half of these being empirical studies focused extrapair paternity. Both technological innovations theory moved field forward by facilitating study both mechanisms underlying sperm sexes, ensuing behavioural morphological adaptations. The proliferation has driven partly diversity behaviours morphologies that influenced competition, but also richness developed Geoff Parker over past 50 years. This article is part theme issue ‘Fifty years competition’.

Язык: Английский

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Ocean acidification impacts on sperm mitochondrial membrane potential bring sperm swimming behaviour near its tipping point

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 218(7), С. 1084 - 1090

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2015

ABSTRACT Broadcast spawning marine invertebrates are susceptible to environmental stressors such as climate change, their reproduction depends on the successful meeting and fertilization of gametes in water column. Under near-future scenarios ocean acidification, swimming behaviour invertebrate sperm is altered. We tested whether this was due changes mitochondrial activity by investigating effects acidification metabolism sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii. used a fluorescent molecular probe (JC-1) flow cytometry visualize (measured change membrane potential, MMP). Sperm MMP significantly reduced ΔpH −0.3 (35% reduction) −0.5 (48% treatments, whereas less sensitive with only slight (up 11% decrease) observed overall. There significant inter-individual variability responses acidified seawater. suggest it likely that exposed these pH close tipping point terms physiological tolerance acidity. Importantly, substantial variation may increase scope for selection resilient phenotypes, which, if heritable, could provide basis adaptation future acidification.

Язык: Английский

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Sexual selection after gamete release in broadcast spawning invertebrates

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 375(1813), С. 20200069 - 20200069

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2020

Broadcast spawning invertebrates offer highly tractable models for evaluating sperm competition, gamete-level mate choice and sexual conflict. By displaying the ancestral mating strategy of external fertilization, where selection is constrained to act after gamete release, broadcast spawners also potential evolutionary insights into cascade events that led reproduction in more ‘derived’ groups (including humans). Moreover, dynamic reproductive conditions faced by these animals mean strength direction on both males females can vary considerably. These attributes make invertebrate systems uniquely suited testing, extending, sometimes challenging classic contemporary ideas many which were first captured Parker's seminal papers topic. Here, we provide a synthesis outlining progress fields, highlight burgeoning mechanistic understanding broadly across animal kingdom. This article part theme issue ‘Fifty years competition’.

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of ocean warming and acidification on sperm motility and fertilization in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 562, С. 101 - 111

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2016

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 562:101-111 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11944 Interactive effects of ocean warming and acidification on sperm motility fertilization in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Angela R. Eads*, W. Jason Kennington, Jonathan P. Evans Centre for Evolutionary Biology, University Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Gametes marine broadcast spawners are highly susceptible threats acidification. Here, we explore main interacting temperature pH changes rates galloprovincialis. Additionally, determine how interact influence aging sperm. We show that interactive (18°C or 24°C) (ranging from 7.6 8.0) depend time spend these conditions. Specifically, linearity was influenced by a × interaction when measured after relatively short exposure treatment conditions, while (but no interaction) became apparent only prolonged (2 h) treatments. Despite motility, factors had independent rates, which were significantly higher at ambient level elevated temperature. This study highlights importance considering combined predicted cautions against using as proxy reproductive fitness. Detrimental may be uncovered examined together, conversely, negative impacts one variable buffered another. Our results raise intriguing possibility some species cope better with if they simultaneously experience warming. KEY WORDS: Ocean · Sperm Fertilization Broadcast spawner Full text pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: Eads AR, Kennington WJ, JP Mar Ecol Prog Ser 562:101-111. Export citation Tweet linkedIn Cited Published Vol. 562. Online publication date: December 29, 2016 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; 1616-1599 Copyright © Inter-Research.

Язык: Английский

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Ocean acidification changes the male fitness landscape

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2016

Sperm competition is extremely common in many ecologically important marine taxa. Ocean acidification (OA) driving rapid changes to the environments which freely spawned sperm operate, yet consequences of OA on performance are poorly understood context competition. Here, we investigated impacts (+1000 μatm pCO2) competitiveness for sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Males with faster had greater competitive fertilisation success both seawater conditions. Similarly, males more motile competitiveness, but only under current pCO2 levels. Under strength this association was significantly reduced and there were male rank OA, such that best conditions not necessarily OA. Therefore will likely change fitness landscape, providing a mechanism by environmental alters genetic landscape species.

Язык: Английский

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Female-induced remote regulation of sperm physiology may provide opportunities for gamete-level mate choice

Evolution, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 71(2), С. 238 - 248

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2016

In sedentary externally fertilizing species, direct interactions between mating partners are limited and prefertilization communication sexes occurs largely at the gamete level. Certain combinations of eggs sperm often have higher fertilization success than others, which may be contingent on egg-derived chemical factors that preferentially attract from compatible males. Here, we examine mechanisms underlying such effects in marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, where differential attraction has recently been shown to associated with variation offspring viability. Specifically, focus surface glycans, an individually unique layer carbohydrates moderate self-recognition other cellular-level interactions. many species trigger remarkable changes sperm's glycan layer, physiology, swimming behavior, thus potentially mate choice show modifications strength acrosome reaction both dependent specific male-female (male-female combination). We also find associations female-induced Ca2+ influx into sperm--a key regulator processes capacitation fusion. Together, our results suggest remote regulation physiology constitute a novel mechanism gamete-level choice.

Язык: Английский

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