Hypothalamic PNOC/NPY neurons constitute mediators of leptin-controlled energy homeostasis

Cell, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Cdc42 in the Insulin and Leptin Pathways Contributing to the Development of Age-Related Obesity

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(23), С. 4964 - 4964

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Age-related obesity significantly increases the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and certain cancers. The insulin-leptin axis is crucial in understanding metabolic disturbances associated with age-related obesity. Rho GTPase Cdc42 a member family GTPases that participates many cellular processes including, but not limited to, regulation actin cytoskeleton, vesicle trafficking, cell polarity, morphology, proliferation, motility, migration. functions an integral part regulating insulin secretion aging. Some novel roles for have also been recently identified maintaining glucose metabolism, where involved controlling blood levels metabolically active tissues, including skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, pancreas, etc., which puts this protein line other critical regulators metabolism. Importantly, plays vital role leptin signaling pathways, are elements development if misregulated. Additionally, change activity may affect senescence, thus contributing to disorders This review explores complex relationships among age-associated obesity, axis, pathway. article sheds light on vast molecular web supports dysregulation aging people. In addition, it discusses potential therapeutic implications pathway mitigate since some new data suggest inhibition using antidiabetic drugs or antioxidants promote weight loss overweight obese patients.

Язык: Английский

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Mice lacking ASIC2 and βENaC are protected from high-fat-diet-induced metabolic syndrome

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Degenerin proteins, such as βENaC and ASIC2, have been implicated in cardiovascular function. However, their role metabolic syndrome not studied. To begin to assess this interaction, we evaluated the impact of a high fat diet (HFD) on mice lacking normal levels ASIC2 (ASIC2

Язык: Английский

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Electrophysiological Comparison of Definitive Pro-opiomelanocortin Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus and the Retrochiasmatic Area of Male and Female Mice

Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 530, С. 95 - 107

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Multi-Organ Increase in Norepinephrine Levels after Central Leptin Administration and Diet-Induced Obesity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(23), С. 16909 - 16909

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Autonomic innervation is important to regulate homeostasis in every organ of the body. The sympathetic nervous system controls several organs associated with metabolism and reproduction, including adipose tissue, liver, ovaries. controlled within central by neurons located hypothalamus, which turn are regulated hormones like leptin. Leptin action hypothalamus leads increased activity tissue. In this short report, we propose that leptin brain also other liver ovary. We performed two experiments: an intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection measured norepinephrine levels organs, used a validated model overnutrition obesity evaluate whether increase coexists high Norepinephrine was ELISA tissue HPLC-EC tissues. ELISA. found ICV increases Also, diet-induced while inducing Finally, since hyperactivity observed both non-alcoholic fatty disease polycystic ovary syndrome, think induced hyperleptinemia could be involved pathogenesis diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Preterm birth: A neuroinflammatory origin for metabolic diseases?

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37, С. 100745 - 100745

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Preterm birth and its related complications have become more common as neonatal medicine advances. The concept of "developmental origins health disease" has raised awareness adverse perinatal events in the development diseases later life. To explore this concept, we propose that encephalopathy prematurity (EoP) a potential pro-inflammatory early life event becomes novel risk factor for metabolic children/adolescents adulthood. Here, review epidemiological evidence links preterm to discuss possible synergic roles neuroinflammation from EoP diseases. In addition, theoretical underlying mechanisms regarding developmental programming energy control system HPA axis.

Язык: Английский

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Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Food Intake in Mammals: An Update

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(6), С. 302 - 302

Опубликована: Май 26, 2024

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; pGlu-His-Pro-NH2) is an intercellular signal produced mainly by neurons. Among the multiple pharmacological effects of TRH, that on food intake not well understood. We review studies demonstrating peripheral injection TRH generally produces a transient anorexic effect, discuss pathways might initiate this and explain its short half-life. In addition, central administration can produce or orexigenic effects, depending site injection, are likely due to interaction with receptor 1. Anorexic most notable when injected into hypothalamus nucleus accumbens, while effect has only been detected brain stem. Functional evidence points neurons prime candidate vectors for action intake. These include caudal raphe nuclei projecting dorsal motor vagus, possibly from tuberal lateral tuberomammillary nuclei. For other neurons, anatomical physiological context impact in each synaptic domain still poorly The manipulation expression well-defined neuron types will facilitate discovery role control scene.

Язык: Английский

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Food intake: Behavioral endocrinology

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Fasting-regulated mechanisms in inter-organ crosstalk

Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36, С. 100540 - 100540

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

The adaptation to changing environmental cues represents a key prerequisite for the survival of an organism. Mammals, including humans, have evolved intricate endocrine signals convey information about nutritional status individual organs, cells, and eventually cell nucleus, trigger appropriate molecular-metabolic responses. To this end, mounting proper fasting response is determined by not only intra-organ adaptations but also inter-tissue crosstalk mechanisms that orchestrate whole-body energy homeostasis under nutrient-deprived conditions. Here, we shortly summarize recent advances in our current understanding processes driving adaptive with focus on between adipose tissue liver ketogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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The growing complexity of the control of the hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis and brown adipose tissue by leptin

Vitamins and hormones, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 305 - 362

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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