Mechanisms for Orofacial Pain: Roles of Immunomodulation, Metabolic Reprogramming, Oxidative Stress and Epigenetic Regulation
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(2), С. 434 - 434
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
Background
and
Objectives:
Orofacial
pain
corresponds
to
sensitization
originating
from
the
facial
oral
regions,
often
accompanied
by
diagnostic
complexity
due
a
multitude
of
contributory
factors,
leading
significant
patient
distress
impairment.
Here,
we
have
reviewed
current
mechanistic
pathways
biochemical
aspects
complex
orofacial
pathology,
highlighting
recent
advancements
in
understanding
its
multifactorial
regulation
signaling
thus
providing
holistic
approach
challenging
it.
Materials
Methods:
Studies
were
identified
an
online
search
PubMed
database
without
any
time
range.
Results:
We
discussed
neuron–glia
interactions
glial
cell
activation
terms
immunomodulatory
effects,
metabolism
reprogramming
effects
epigenetic
modulatory
response
comprising
different
factors.
highlighted
fundamental
role
oxidative
stress
affecting
cellular
as
well
machinery,
which
renders
pathology
intricate
multidimensional.
Emerging
research
on
modulation
regulatory
genes
molecular
environmental
factors
is
also
discussed,
alongside
updates
novel
treatment
approaches.
Conclusions:
This
review
deliberates
integrative
perspectives
implications
immune
system,
glucose
metabolism,
lipid
redox
homeostasis
mitochondrial
dysfunction
accommodating
effect
dysregulated
non-coding
RNAs
for
interdisciplinary
at
level,
aiming
improve
outcomes
with
precise
diagnosis
offering
improved
management
treatment.
Язык: Английский
Neuroplasticity and Nervous System Recovery: Cellular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Advances, and Future Prospects
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(4), С. 400 - 400
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025
Neuroplasticity,
the
ability
of
nervous
system
to
adapt
structurally
and
functionally
in
response
environmental
interactions
injuries,
is
a
cornerstone
recovery
central
(CNS)
peripheral
systems
(PNS).
This
review
explores
mechanisms
underlying
neuroplasticity,
focusing
on
dynamic
roles
cellular
molecular
processes
from
injuries.
Key
players,
including
Schwann
cells,
oligodendrocytes,
neural
stem
are
highlighted
for
their
contributions
nerve
repair,
myelination,
regeneration.
Advances
therapeutic
interventions,
such
as
electrical
stimulation,
bioluminescent
optogenetics,
innovative
grafting
techniques,
discussed
alongside
potential
enhance
functional
outcomes.
The
underpinnings
plasticity,
involving
synaptic
remodeling,
homeostatic
mechanisms,
activity-dependent
regulation
gene
expression,
elucidated
illustrate
role
learning,
memory,
injury
repair.
Integrating
emerging
technologies
approaches
with
foundational
understanding
neuroplasticity
offers
pathway
toward
more
effective
strategies
restoring
functionality
after
injury.
Язык: Английский
Unlocking New Frontiers in Cell Signaling and Communication and Fostering New Collaborative Interactions and Scientific Initiatives: Lessons Learned from the International Cellular Communication Network Society (ICCNS) Workshop
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025
Язык: Английский
Unraveling the role of oligodendrocytes and myelin in pain
Journal of Neurochemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
169(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024
Oligodendrocytes,
the
myelin-producing
cells
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
are
crucial
for
rapid
action
potential
conduction
and
neuronal
communication.
While
extensively
studied
their
roles
support
axonal
insulation,
involvement
pain
modulation
is
an
emerging
research
area.
This
review
explores
interplay
between
oligodendrocytes,
myelination,
pain,
focusing
on
neuropathic
following
peripheral
nerve
injury,
spinal
cord
injury
(SCI),
chemotherapy,
HIV
infection.
Studies
indicate
that
a
decrease
oligodendrocytes
increased
cytokine
production
by
oligodendroglia
response
to
can
induce
or
exacerbate
pain.
An
increase
endogenous
oligodendrocyte
precursor
(OPCs)
may
be
compensatory
repair
damaged
oligodendrocytes.
Exogenous
OPC
transplantation
shows
promise
alleviating
SCI-induced
enhancing
remyelination.
Additionally,
apoptosis
brain
regions
such
as
medial
prefrontal
cortex
linked
opioid-induced
hyperalgesia,
highlighting
role
mechanisms.
Chemotherapeutic
agents
disrupt
differentiation,
leading
persistent
while
HIV-associated
neuropathy
involves
up-regulation
of
lineage
cell
markers.
These
findings
underscore
multifaceted
pathways,
suggesting
targeting
myelination
processes
could
offer
new
therapeutic
strategies
chronic
management.
Further
should
elucidate
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
develop
effective
treatments.
Язык: Английский