East Asia–eastern North America disjunction revisited: Possible westward colonization route via the Western Palearctic in Carex sect. Paniceae (Cyperaceae)

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Abstract Carex sect. Paniceae sensu lato (s.l.) exhibits two major disjunct centers of diversity: eastern North America and East Asia. This pattern, commonly observed in other plant groups, has been associated with trans‐Pacific dispersal from Asia to subsequent local extinctions western America. study reconstructed a phylogenetic tree using nuclear (external transcribed spacer internal spacer) three plastid ( matK , trnL‐F rpl32 ‐ trnL UAG ) regions, along 474 loci high‐throughput sequencing (Hyb‐Seq). Dating analysis ancestral area reconstruction were used investigate the evolutionary biogeographic history s.l. A broader circumscription s.l., incorporating sects. Bicolores Laxiflorae is established. Two primary clades identified: one clade predominantly diversified Biogeographic analyses suggested likely origin Palearctic during Late Miocene. The most probable scenario involved via Western Palearctic, followed by into America, parts continent, back Old World. Within Asia, group was inferred have Pliocene Pleistocene, basalmost nodes mainland China. Multiple events this region Russian Far East, Korea, Japan inferred. highlights underexplored role biogeography grass‐like plants existence alternative migration routes explaining Asia–eastern pattern disjunction.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating the diversity, distribution patterns and habitat preferences of Carex species (Cyperaceae) in western Canada using geospatial analysis

Biodiversity Data Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

Sedge (Carex) is a highly diversified genus of vascular plants with high species diversity in cold-temperate areas the Northern Hemisphere. In Canada, 313 Carex are documented 105 Saskatchewan, making it largest this Province. Research on distribution and ecology sedges Saskatchewan extremely limited. This study aims to find patterns identify their habitat preferences relative environmental conditions through application GIS spatial analysis tools. Data specimen-based occurrences were collected, validated consolidated from Flora Association (FOSA) analysed along datasets mobilised by Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), resulting 2655 individual records occurrences. Our research includes seven variables explore relationships between environment. The produced comprehensive maps graphs illustrating occurrences, richness hotspots. It was found that have diverse preference strongly associated temperature precipitation and, lesser extent, soils. mostly concentrated Boreal Plain Prairie ecozones Notably, peaked central part moderate elevation precipitation. integrative emphasises need for region-specific assessments effectively manage preserve biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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Peculiarities of the formation of phytocoenotic ranges of vegetatively propagated herbs and shrubs in forest plant groups of the Ukrainian Polissia

Biosystems Diversity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 33(1), С. e2516 - e2516

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Forest ecosystems are characterized by a vast biological diversity, comprising millions of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, which interact form complex food chains interdependencies. contain several strata, from the litter vegetation shrubs to tree tops, each supporting an array life forms performing specific functions. The upper tier forest provides protection sun, thus controlling microclimate at lower levels, influencing temperatire soil humidity. Forests play crucial role in global biogeochemical cycles, such as carbon water cycles. Trees consume dioxide emissions atmosphere produce oxygen through phosynthesis, mitigating climate change. Water circulates ecosystems, evaporates leaf surface, condenses clouds, returns back Earth precipitation. continuously change subject both natural anthropogenic factors. provide variety ecosystemic services, ranging regulation preservation soils filtration support biodiversity. They also serve living places for numerous vulnerable endemic species, reservoirs genetic resources. Therefore, extremely ecologically valuable, their is balanced functioning planet. Our studies were conducted Desna-Stara Huta National Nature Park, located Ukrainian Polissia. materials methods study included systematic collection data on frequency occurrence vegetatively propagated herbs For analysis, we used statistical methods. In studied group largest phytocoenotic ranges, 7–9 types phytocoenoses, observed Vaccinium myrtillus Maianthemum bifolium. Narrow only 3-4 noted Calluna vulgaris Aegopodium podagraria. narrowing ranges was found attributable populations spreading farther away hytocoenotic optima. As stress factors increased, species underwent following transformations: decline level productive process, with decrease size phytomass individuals – diminution plant size; reproductive potential; reduced population density; changes age composition populations, where share plants older ages while pre-generative declined; vital structure that reflected diversity condition, shifting prospering depressing. total, those processes act limiting mechanism expansion plants’ ranges. comparative analysis yielded results revealed individuality herbaceous shrub Polissia two main parameters: width range abundance distribution phytocoenoses within range.

Язык: Английский

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Biogeography of the Juan Fernández Archipelago: vicariance versus long-distance dispersal?

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 145(1)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Abstract The biota of the Juan Fernández Islands (SE Pacific) provides important information on key evolutionary and biogeographical phenomena. However, a long-standing matter contention concerns how archipelago’s various lineages arrived there. Was it via former landbridges/exotic terranes, or did involve long-distance dispersal? We address issue through two-pronged review-synthesis, one focusing geology, other biology (using 207 clades from four groups: angiosperms, ferns, landbirds, coastal fishes). Regarding first, critical observation relates to emergence history as only since c. 4.7 Mya has there been an uninterrupted sequence land-surfaces in region. reflects this with bulk having definitely last few million years. That said, 5% groups have ‘colonization intervals’ that extend back >20 Mya, but these are probably artefacts caused by loss intervening off-archipelago lineages, which results their notably old stem ages. Concerning sourcing, landbirds plants mainly South America, whereas fishes strong connections western insular Pacific. Collectively, geological biological evidence indicates ancestors colonized geologically recently, exclusively dispersal.

Язык: Английский

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Plastome phylogenomic insights into the Sino‐Japanese biogeography of Diabelia (Caprifoliaceae)

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 58(6), С. 972 - 987

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2019

Abstract Understanding the causes of Sino‐Japanese disjunctions in plant taxa has been a central question eastern Asian biogeography, with vicariance or long‐distance dispersal often invoked to explain such patterns. Diabelia Landrein (Caprifoliaceae; Linnaeoideae) comprises four shrubby species disjunct distribution. The diversification time within , covering long geological history formation process flora, dated back middle Oligocene, therefore, would be an ideal model elucidate biogeographic patterns climate fluctuation. In this study, we analyzed complete plastome sequence data for 28 individuals representing all . These plastomes were found highly similar overall size (156 243–157 578 bp), structure, gene order, and content. Our phylogenomic analysis supported close relationship between ionostachya (Nakai) & R.L. Barrett var. wenzhouensis (S.L. Zhou ex Landrein) from China spathulata (Siebold Zucc.) Japan serrata was identified as sister population sanguinea (Makino) Tochigi D Landrein, Toyama, Japan. Most lineages estimated have differentiated 8–28 Mya. results indicate that two independent events could disjunction Korea mid late Miocene, Zhejiang early Miocene.

Язык: Английский

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