Despite
centuries
of
intense
work,
the
basic
taxonomic
knowledge
flora
Iberian
peninsula
is
still
incomplete,
especially
for
highly
diverse
and/or
difficult
genera
such
as
Carex
.
In
this
study,
we
conducted
an
integrative
systematic
study
based
on
molecular,
morphological
and
cytogenetic
data
to
elucidate
status
several
problematic
populations
from
La
Mancha
region
(S
Spain)
belonging
sect.
Phacocystis
These
have
been
traditionally
considered
uncertain
adscription,
but
close
C.
reuteriana.
A
detailed
was
performed
with
16
sampled
(Sierra
Madrona,
Montes
de
Toledo)
in
order
compare
them
other
species.
addition,
a
phylogenetic
analysis
using
two
nuclear
(ITS,
ETS)
plastid
(
rpl
32‐
trn
L
UAG
,
ycf
6‐
psb
M)
DNA
regions,
including
representatives
whole
We
found
significant
degree
molecular
differentiation
that
supports
recognition
these
new
endemic
species,
quixotiana.
Our
results
reveal
that,
unexpectedly,
quixotiana
more
closely
related
nigra
than
reuteriana
basis
relationships
chromosome
number.
However,
overall
appearance
ecological
preferences
were
misleadingly
suggesting
affinities
contrasting
patterns
reflect
complexity
remark
need
approaches
disentangle
fiendish
evolutionary
scenarios.
Journal of Systematics and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
59(4), С. 726 - 762
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2020
Abstract
Phylogenetic
studies
of
Carex
L.
(Cyperaceae)
have
consistently
demonstrated
that
most
subgenera
and
sections
are
para‐
or
polyphyletic.
Yet,
taxonomists
continue
to
use
in
classification.
Why?
The
Global
Group
(GCG)
here
takes
the
position
historical
continued
serves
(i)
organize
our
understanding
lineages
,
(ii)
create
an
identification
mechanism
break
~2000
species
into
manageable
groups
stimulate
its
study,
(iii)
provide
a
framework
recognize
morphologically
diagnosable
within
.
Unfortunately,
current
phylogenetic
relationships
is
not
yet
sufficient
for
global
reclassification
genus
Linnean
infrageneric
(sectional)
framework.
Rather
than
leaving
classification
state,
which
misleading
confusing,
we
take
intermediate
steps
implementing
recently
revised
subgeneric
using
combination
informally
named
clades
formally
reflect
state
knowledge.
This
hybrid
presented
order
corresponding
linear
arrangement
on
ladderized
phylogeny,
largely
based
recent
phylogenies
published
by
GCG.
It
organizes
six
subgenera,
are,
turn,
subdivided
62
plus
49
informal
groups.
will
serve
as
roadmap
research
enabling
further
development
complete
presenting
relevant
morphological
geographical
information
where
possible
standardizing
formal
sectional
names.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
242(2), С. 727 - 743
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023
Poales
are
one
of
the
most
species-rich,
ecologically
and
economically
important
orders
plants
often
characterise
open
habitats,
enabled
by
unique
suites
traits.
We
test
six
hypotheses
regarding
evolution
assembly
in
closed
habitats
throughout
world,
examine
whether
diversification
patterns
demonstrate
parallel
evolution.
sampled
42%
species
obtained
taxonomic
biogeographic
data
from
World
Checklist
Vascular
Plants
database,
which
was
combined
with
open/closed
habitat
scored
experts.
A
dated
supertree
constructed.
integrated
spatial
phylogenetics
regionalisation
analyses,
historical
biogeography
ancestral
state
estimations.
Diversification
result
dynamic
evolutionary
processes
that
vary
across
lineages,
time
space,
prominently
tropical
southern
latitudes.
Our
results
reveal
recurrent
trait
transitions
species-rich
families
Poaceae
Cyperaceae.
Smaller
display
divergent
trajectories.
The
have
achieved
global
dominance
via
notable,
spatially
phylogenetically
restricted
divergences
into
strictly
habitats.
Journal of Systematics and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
59(4), С. 776 - 790
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021
Abstract
Changes
in
holocentric
chromosome
number
due
to
fission
and
fusion
have
direct
immediate
effects
on
genome
structure
recombination
rates.
These,
turn,
may
influence
ecology
evolutionary
trajectories
profoundly.
Sedges
of
the
genus
Carex
(Cyperaceae)
comprise
ca.
2000
species
with
chromosomes.
The
exhibits
a
phenomenal
range
(2n
=
10
−
132)
almost
not
polyploidy.
In
this
study,
we
integrated
most
comprehensive
cytogenetic
phylogenetic
data
for
sedges
associated
climatic
morphological
investigate
hypothesis
that
high
rates
are
selected
when
innovation
is
required,
using
evolution
as
proxy
rate.
We
evaluated
Ornstein–Uhlenbeck
models
infer
shifts
equilibrium
selective
regime.
also
tested
relationship
between
diversification
Our
analyses
demonstrate
significant
correlations
morphology
niche
.
Nevertheless,
amount
chromosomal
variation
able
explain
very
small.
recognized
large
mean
number,
but
significantly
lower
morphology.
detected
peak
near
intermediate
combination,
these
point
toward
importance
history
work
suggests
effect
rates,
just
reproductive
isolation,
be
central
sedges.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
289(1980)
Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2022
Quaternary
climate
fluctuations
can
affect
speciation
in
regional
biodiversity
assembly
two
non-mutually
exclusive
ways:
a
glacial
species
pump,
where
isolation
refugia
accelerates
allopatric
speciation,
and
adaptive
radiation
underused
zones
during
ice-free
periods.
We
detected
biogeographic
genetic
signatures
associated
with
both
mechanisms
the
of
biota
European
Alps.
Age
distributions
endemic
widespread
within
aquatic
terrestrial
taxa
(amphipods,
fishes,
amphibians,
butterflies
flowering
plants)
revealed
that
fish
evolved
only
lakes,
are
highly
sympatric,
mainly
Holocene
age,
consistent
radiation.
Endemic
amphipods
ancient,
suggesting
preglacial
limited
range
expansion
local
Pleistocene
survival,
perhaps
facilitated
by
groundwater-dwelling
lifestyle.
Terrestrial
endemics
mostly
age
thus
more
pump.
The
lack
evidence
for
biome
is
faster
recolonization
through
these
after
retreats.
More
stable
less
seasonal
ecological
conditions
lakes
may
also
have
contributed
to
lakes.
high
proportion
young,
makes
Alpine
vulnerable
change,
but
consequences
loss
will
likely
differ
between
biomes
because
their
distinct
evolutionary
histories.
Molecular Ecology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025
ABSTRACT
Adaptation
to
different
environments
in
geographically
separated
populations
is
key
for
allopatric
speciation.
Most
research
has
focused
on
the
effects
of
geographical
isolation
and
abiotic
factors,
but
disjunct
frequently
co‐occur
with
pools
species,
favouring
divergent
adaptation
We
show
importance
plant
neighbourhood,
compared
geographic
environmental
speciation
two
closely
related
plants,
Carex
elata
reuteriana
.
Both
species
share
similar
ecological
requirements
inhabit
river
shores
at
medium
low
altitudes
across
Iberian
Peninsula.
employed
a
multidisciplinary
approach
integrating
abiotic,
biotic
genomic
data
(genotyping‐by‐sequencing)
infer
relative
role
evolutionary
drivers.
Abiotic
factors
were
assessed
based
38
bioclimatic
variables,
using
community
co‐occurring
(1536
vegetation
inventories),
distance
matrix
coordinates.
Using
regularised
generalised
linear
models,
we
identified
variables
explaining
distribution
patterns.
also
examined
relationships
between
inter‐population
genetic
distances,
biotic,
understand
drivers
lineage
splitting,
revealing
varying
degrees
influence.
Plant
neighbourhood
emerged
as
stronger
predictor
distributions
than
or
largest
effect
observed
,
which
exhibited
greatest
population
differentiation.
These
findings
suggest
that
microenvironmental
influencing
neighbourhoods
have
significantly
contributed
differentiation
these
taxa,
providing
new
insights
into
processes
shaping
origin
species.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2023
Summary
Poales
are
one
of
the
most
species-rich,
ecologically
and
economically
important
orders
plants
often
characterise
open
habitats,
enabled
by
unique
suites
traits.
We
test
hypotheses
that
species
assembled
into
distinct
phyloregions,
with
centres
high
phylogenetic
diversity
endemism
clustered
in
tropical
regions,
cosmopolitan
families
show
parallel
transitions
closed
habitats
at
different
times.
sampled
42%
obtained
taxonomic
biogeographic
data
from
World
Checklist
Vascular
Plants
database,
which
was
combined
open/closed
habitat
scored
experts.
A
dated
supertree
constructed.
integrated
spatial
phylogenetics
regionalization
analyses,
historical
biogeography,
ancestral
state
estimations,
models
contingent
evolution.
Diversification
assembly
result
dynamic
evolutionary
processes
vary
across
lineages,
time,
space,
traits,
prominently
southern
latitudes.
Our
results
reveal
recurrent
patterns
trait
species-rich
Poaceae
Cyperaceae,
yet
other
smaller
display
trajectories.
The
have
achieved
global
dominance
via
evolution
notable,
spatially
phylogenetically
restricted
divergences
strictly
habitats.
International Journal of Plant Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
184(5), С. 322 - 341
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2023
Premise
of
research.
Cirsium
("thistles"),
the
most
speciose
genus
in
Compositae
(Asteraceae)
subfamily
Carduoideae
native
to
North
America,
comprises
a
rapid
endemic
radiation.
Hummingbird
pollination
is
rare
Compositae,
but
approximately
10%
all
America
are
adapted
this
syndrome.
Although
an
example
continent-wide
evolutionary
radiation,
biotic
and
abiotic
factors
contributing
remarkable
diversification
have
never
been
studied.Methodology.
Sixty-four
taxa
representing
its
distribution
were
sequenced
using
MYbaits
1061
1kv1
kit.
These
results
used
infer
time-calibrated
phylogeny
estimate
divergence
times
rates.
Ancestral
area
reconstructions
for
eight
biogeographical
areas
10
habitats
performed
with
BioGeoBEARS.
A
model-fitting
approach
was
test
whether
(1)
different
environmental
variables
related
diversification,
(2)
pollinator
type
differences
environment,
(3)
diversification.
Phylogenetic
least
squares
models
against
rates
variables,
type,
or
morphological
traits
influenced
diversification.Pivotal
results.
originated
2
mya,
majority
occurring
three
nearly
simultaneous
bursts
during
onset
Pleistocene
ice
age.
showed
evidence
phylogenetic
signal,
there
no
significant
innovations
that
contributed
overall
Cirsium.
Precipitation
semiaridity
main
catalysts
associated
near-significant
lower
than
insect
pollination.Conclusions.
The
integrated
effects
niche
conservatism
glacial-interglacial
cycles
played
role
shaping
current
distributional
patterns,
particularly
alpine
mountain
systems
canyons
Colorado
Plateau.
hummingbird
Cirsium,
switch
syndrome
may
facilitated
expansion
across
post-Pleistocene
fragmented
landscapes.
Ultimately,
study
offers
important
insights
into
drivers
rapid,
radiation
impact
glaciation
on
flora
America.
American Journal of Botany,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
109(1), С. 115 - 129
Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2021
Most
of
the
Paleotropical
flora
widely
distributed
in
Western
Palearctic
became
extinct
during
Mio-Pliocene
as
a
result
global
geoclimatic
changes.
A
few
elements
from
this
Cenozoic
are
believed
to
remain
relicts
Macaronesia,
forming
part
laurel
forests.
Although
origins
present
species
assembly
known
be
heterogeneous,
it
is
unclear
whether
some
should
considered
climatic
with
conserved
niches.
An
ideal
group
for
studying
such
relict
characteristics
Miocene
lineage
Carex
sect.
Rhynchocystis
(Cyperaceae),
which
comprises
four
mainland
and
Macaronesia.We
reconstructed
current
past
environmental
spaces
extant
Macaronesian
species,
well
Pliocene
fossils.
We
also
studied
bioclimatic
niche
evolution.
Species
distribution
modeling
ensemble
small
were
performed
assess
potential
over
time.Climatic
analyses
revealed
that
ecological
requirements
did
not
overlap
those
either
or
Conversely,
niches
displayed
significant
similarity
equivalence.Macaronesian
flora,
but
instead
seem
have
changed
their
ancestors.
By
contrast,
despite
ancient
divergence
(Late
Miocene),
C.
pendula
agastachys
show
niches,
competitive
exclusion
likely
shaping
mostly
allopatric
ranges.
Biodiversity Data Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Март 8, 2023
Knowledge
of
Carex
L.
(true
sedges)
and
Hypericum
(St.
John's
wort)
in
the
Neotropics
is
fragmentary.
As
a
result
fieldwork
campaign
Ecuador
revision
herbarium
collections
(K,
QCA
QCNE),
we
present
here
relevant
records
twelve
(Cyperaceae)
four
(Hypericaceae)
species.
Regarding
,
novel
report
for
South
America
C.
aztecica
as
well
first
Ecuadorian
brehmeri
collumanthus
fecunda
melanocystis
punicola
.
The
three
later
have
additional
biogeographical
significance,
they
represent
new
northern
limit
these
We
also
include
observations
another
five
species
included
Red
List
Endemic
Plants.
result,
list
native
reported
would
now
52
taxa.
With
regard
to
H.
sprucei
province
Bolívar,
confirmation
presence
rare
(
acostanum
matangense
prietoi
)
their
type
localities,
although
with
extremely
low
population
sizes.
discuss
conservation
status
implications.