Diet-microbiome covariation across three giraffe species in a close-contact zone

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. e03480 - e03480

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Reviving diversity: cryoprotectants and culturing methods enhance recovery of mammalian gut microbes from field samples

Journal of Mammalogy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025

Abstract The field of microbial ecology is increasingly recognizing the need for methods to isolate and culture gut microbes better understand how these microorganisms impact animal physiology, especially in mammalian hosts. Currently, there a lack clear store samples cultivability, when are collected from field, transported laboratory, preserved under long-term storage weeks months compared mere days biomedical field. Here, cecal contents groundhogs (Marmota monax) were processed stored with or without various preservation solutions at −80 °C least 2 months. All then grown distinct nutrient media liquid plate conditions incubated anaerobic aerobic environments. Treatment comparisons revealed that containing 1 more cryoprotectants provided greatest most consistent bacterial densities. To test efficacy solutions, we inventoried taxonomic identities abundances cultures using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our findings highlight that: (1) exhibited highest richness diversity resembled original conditions; (2) effect individual identity was detectable membership cultured communities, irrespective solutions. study first demonstrate importance multiple further culturing novel isolation. Understanding improving preserve physiology conserve their compositional essential field-collected useful microbiome culturomics studies, promoting comprehension function wild host-associated microbiomes.

Язык: Английский

---

Phylosymbiosis and Parallel Geographical Patterns in the Gut Microbiota of Desert‐Dwelling Amphibians and Reptiles

Integrative Zoology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Variation patterns in gut microbial diversity among host species and populations offer valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying environment–host–microbiome interactions. However, extent to which phylogeny geography drive these variation animal microbiota remains an open question. Amphibians reptiles are important models address this issue. Using 194 samples of three amphibian four reptile inhabiting Tarim Desert, we demonstrated phylosymbiosis animals, was associated with heterogeneous selection dispersal limitation. In interpopulation comparisons, Bufotes pewzowi Teratoscincus przewalskii exhibited geography‐dependent variations their microbiota, particularly relation longitude annual precipitation. These geographical were linked microbiota. Interestingly, B. T. showed parallel longitude, suggesting common selective pressures on Finally, found genetic background did not account for pattern even though it also factors. This suggested environment–microbe interaction as a potential independent ecological pathway mediating associations between environment animals. Overall, findings extend our understanding shed light mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

---

Gut feeling: host and habitat as drivers of the microbiome in blackbuck Antilope cervicapra

Wildlife Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

The gut microbiome can be shaped by both intrinsic host factors and extrinsic environmental factors. However, the relative importance of in microbial composition has rarely been investigated, particularly for a single across its natural range. Here, we characterise an endemic, endangered antelope, blackbuck or Antilope cervicapra . We evaluated influence seven predictor variables, which were classified into factors, on microbiome. are nucleotide diversity (mitochondrial nuclear) population density, whereas temperature, precipitation, distance to human settlement anthropogenic land‐use. determined these variables explains greater variation within (α‐diversity) between (β‐diversity) hosts. analysed n = 60 hosts from ten different populations India. recorded 11 800 unique OTUs 30 known phyla 2.9 million reads. find average 2056 per individual, with Bacillota Bacteroidota being most dominant phyla. Overall, also show that genetic (intrinsic) is more important than their environment (extrinsic) within‐ between‐host blackbuck. Our results suggest increase relatedness lead decrease composition. Therefore, conservation efforts should directed not only preserve habitats but pool populations, will positively impact survival through diverse microbiomes.

Язык: Английский

---

Leveraging Massive Opportunistically Collected Datasets to Study Species Communities in Space and Time

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Online portals have facilitated collecting extensive biodiversity data by naturalists, offering unprecedented coverage and resolution in space time. Despite being the most widely available class of data, opportunistically collected records remained largely inaccessible to community ecologists since imperfect highly heterogeneous detection process can severely bias inference. We present a novel statistical approach that leverages these datasets embedding spatiotemporal joint species distribution model within flexible site‐occupancy framework. Our addresses variable probabilities across visits modelling phenological patterns extending use latent variables characterise observer‐specific reporting behaviour. apply our an dataset on lentic odonates, encompassing over 100,000 waterbody Flanders (N‐Belgium), show provides insights into biological communities at high resolution, including phenology, interannual trends, environmental associations co‐distributional composition.

Язык: Английский

---

A review of the venom microbiome and its utility in ecology and evolution including future directions for emerging research

Symbiosis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Long-distance movement dynamics shape host microbiome richness and turnover

FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 100(7)

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2024

Abstract Host-associated microbial communities are shaped by host migratory movements. These movements can have contrasting impacts on microbiota, and understanding such patterns provide insight into the ecological processes that contribute to community diversity. Furthermore, long-distance new environments anticipated occur with increasing frequency due distribution shifts resulting from climate change. Understanding how hosts transport their microbiota them could be of importance when examining biological invasions. Although well-documented, underlying mechanisms lead restructuring these remain relatively unexplored. Using literature simulations, we develop a framework elucidate major factors We group two types—regular (repeated/cyclical movements, as found in many birds mammals) irregular (stochastic/infrequent do not cyclical basis, insects plants). Ecological simulations prior research suggest movement type frequency, alongside environmental exposure (e.g. internal/external microbiota) key considerations for movement-associated changes. From our framework, derive series testable hypotheses, means test them, facilitate future dynamics.

Язык: Английский

---

Subtle diurnal microbial rhythms in a large mammalian carnivore

Journal of Mammalogy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2024

Abstract Mounting evidence suggests that the cyclic interaction between host cells and gut microbiota orchestrates metabolic immunological homeostasis throughout day. Yet, examples of microbial rhythms in natural populations are scarce, limiting our understanding their downstream consequences for health, particularly mammals demonstrate strong co-evolutionary links with microbiota. Furthermore, disregarding diurnal variation restricts ability to account control them future studies. Here, we re-analyzed data from a 23-year longitudinal field study 12 wild adult female spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) Masai Mara National Reserve Kenya examine whether time day was correlated composition this crepuscular–nocturnal carnivore. Overall, found structure, but not alpha diversity, slightly changed over course Differences morning afternoon became apparent when restricting analysis core (i.e., bacterial genera present more than 85% samples). Among microbiota, 11 genera—composed largely class Clostridia—varied abundance day, making second document longitudinally sampled wildlife population. In contrast oscillations meerkats, those subtle, yet both species exhibit shifts specifically Clostridia. This pattern implies fluctuations likely characteristic specific, common host-associated bacteria amplitude may be product ecology. While detected trends, encourage studies employ temporally denser sampling scheme. way, one can overlay short-term microbiome information on ecology clarify circadian phenotype host.

Язык: Английский

---

Galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose‐presenting bacterial families are associated with resistance to experimental avian malaria infection

Journal of Avian Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2024

The gut microbiome can contribute to host health through defense against pathogens. However, links between the and resistance infection have been primarily investigated in humans lab‐bred rodents, so we do not know what extent this relationship exists wild animals. To fill knowledge gap, used an experimental malaria inoculation with Plasmodium relictum wild‐caught house sparrows Passer domesticus (n = 18) examine interactions of avian infection. Before after inoculation, collected blood samples quantify circulating parasitemia fecal evaluate amplification sequencing V4 region bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We found that alpha diversity (species richness evenness) beta (community composition) were significantly different infected resistant prior or during identified several indicator ASVs occurred at higher prevalence proportional abundance malaria‐resistant sparrows, most which from family Lactobacillaceae is hypothesized confer inducing production anti‐α‐Gal antibodies. Future studies should experimentally manipulate composition causally investigate specific taxa

Язык: Английский

---

The gut microbiota-immune-brain axis in a wild vertebrate: dynamic interactions and health impacts

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT The gut microbiota-immune-brain axis is a feedback network which influences diverse physiological processes and plays pivotal role in overall health well-being. Although research humans laboratory mice has shed light into the associations mechanisms governing this communication network, evidence of such interactions wild, especially young animals, lacking. We therefore investigated these during early development population common buzzards ( Buteo buteo ) their effects on individual condition. In longitudinal study, we used multi-marker approach to establish potential links between bacterial eukaryotic microbiota, panel immune assays feather corticosterone measurements as proxy for long-term stress. Using Bayesian structural equation modelling, found no support microbial diversity or stress parameters. However, did find strong relationships network. Immunity was negatively correlated with levels, positively associated nestling body Furthermore, levels microbiota decreased age while activity increased. absence conclusive buzzard nestlings, coupled mediated immunosuppression, suggests dominating stress-dominated maturation system development. Confounding factors inherent wild systems developing animals might override known from adult model subjects. positive association condition indicates benefits possessing stable microbiota.

Язык: Английский

---