Linking Plant Functional Ecology to Island Biogeography

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 25(4), С. 329 - 339

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

What we (don't) know about global plant diversity

Ecography, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 42(11), С. 1819 - 1831

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2019

The era of big biodiversity data has led to rapid, exciting advances in the theoretical and applied biological, ecological conservation sciences. While large genetic, geographic trait databases are available, these neither complete nor random samples globe. Gaps biases reduce our inferential predictive power, this incompleteness is even more worrisome because we ignorant both its kind magnitude. We performed a comprehensive examination taxonomic spatial sampling most current for plant genes, locations functional traits. To do this, downloaded from Plant List (taxonomy), Global Biodiversity Information Facility (locations), TRY (traits) GenBank (genes). Only 17.7% world's described accepted land species feature all three databases, meaning that than 82% known lacks representation at least one database. Species coverage highest location lowest genetic data. Bryophytes orchids stand out taxonomically equatorial region stands spatially as poorly represented databases. have highlighted number clades regions about which know little functionally, genetically, on should set research targets. scientific community recognize reward significant value, science conservation, filling gaps knowledge tree life.

Язык: Английский

---

The seed germination spectrum of alpine plants: a global meta‐analysis

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 229(6), С. 3573 - 3586

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2020

Summary Assumptions about the germination ecology of alpine plants are presently based on individual species and local studies. A current challenge is to synthesise, at global level, seed ecological spectrum. We performed a meta‐analysis primary data from laboratory experiments conducted across four continents (excluding tropics) 661 species, estimate influence six environmental cues proportion, mean time synchrony; accounting for morphology (mass, embryo : ratio) phylogeny. Most show physiological dormancy, strong need cold stratification, warm‐cued positive responses light alternating temperatures. Species restricted belt have higher preference warm temperatures stronger response stratification than whose distribution extends also below treeline. Seed mass, size phylogeny constraining effects environment. Globally, overwintering key drivers in habitats. The interplay between physiology morphological traits further reflects pressures avoid frost or drought stress. Our results indicate convergence, patterns species.

Язык: Английский

---

Towards the flower economics spectrum

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 229(2), С. 665 - 672

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2020

Summary Understanding how floral traits affect reproduction is key for understanding genetic diversity, speciation, and trait evolution in the face of global changes pollinator decline. However, there has not yet been a unified framework to characterize major trade‐offs axes variation. Here, we propose development economics spectrum (FES) that incorporates multiple pathways by which can be shaped agents selection acting on flower functions. For example, while pollinator‐mediated considered primary factor affecting evolution, nonpollinator reinforce or oppose selection, and, therefore, In addition pollinators, FES should consider biotic physiological costs, broadening drivers beyond pollinators. We discuss coordinated among between vegetative may influence distribution across biomes lineages, thereby influencing organismal community assembly.

Язык: Английский

---

Ecological strategies begin at germination: Traits, plasticity and survival in the first 4 days of plant life

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 34(5), С. 968 - 979

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2020

Abstract We commonly use trait variation to characterize plant function within and among species understand how vegetation responds the environment. Seedling emergence is an especially vulnerable window affecting population community dynamics, yet trait‐based frameworks often bypass this earliest stage of life. Here we assess whether traits vary in ecologically meaningful ways when seedlings are just days old. How do shared evolutionary history environmental conditions shape expression, can explain which endure drought? measured seedling first 4 life for 16 annual under two water treatments, exploring trade‐offs, species‐level plasticity ability predict duration survival drought. Nearly half showed imprint (i.e. significant phylogenetic signal), reflecting differences between grasses forbs, groups separated by a deep split. Water availability altered expression most cases, though plastic responses also reflected history. On average, new exhibited substantial structured as multiple trade‐offs like those found mature plants. Some invested thick roots shoots, whereas others more efficient tissues. Separately, some tougher deeper roots. observed related growth rates (fast or slow) biomass allocation (above‐ below‐ground). Drought time was correlated strongly with seed mass, root construction traits, phylogeny (grasses vs. forbs). Synthesis. Our results show that substantial, few attributes could capture major dimensions ecological strategies during emergence. With times ranging twofold annuals (from 7.5 14.5 days), these mitigate recruitment frequent longer dry spells. Multivariate should be further explored studies designed trait‐fitness linkages recruitment. A free Plain Language Summary Supporting Information article.

Язык: Английский

---

Trait–environment interactions affect plant establishment success during restoration

Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 101(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2020

Abstract Establishment and persistence are central to community assembly determined by how traits interact with the environment determine performance (trait–environment interactions). Community studies have rarely considered such trait–environment interactions, however, which can lead incorrect inferences about affect assembly. We evaluated functional traits, environmental conditions, interactions structure plant establishment, as a measure of performance. Within 12 prairie restorations created sowing 70 species, we quantified conditions counted individuals each seeded species quantify first‐year establishment. Three structured Leaf nitrogen interacted herbivore pressure, low leaf established relatively better under higher herbivory than high nitrogen. Soil moisture root mass fraction (RMF), low‐RMF establishing soil higher‐RMF on wetter soils. Specific area (SLA) light availability, low‐SLA high‐SLA conditions. Our work illustrates be described correlating or This knowledge assist selection maximize restoration success.

Язык: Английский

---

Leaf manganese concentrations as a tool to assess belowground plant functioning in phosphorus-impoverished environments

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 461(1-2), С. 43 - 61

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

How Could the Use of Crop Wild Relatives in Breeding Increase the Adaptation of Crops to Marginal Environments?

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2022

Alongside the use of fertilizer and chemical control weeds, pests, diseases modern breeding has been very successful in generating cultivars that have increased agricultural production several fold favorable environments. These typically homogeneous (either homozygous inbreds or hybrids derived from inbred parents) are bred under optimal field conditions perform well when there is sufficient water nutrients. However, such rare globally; indeed, a large proportion arable land could be considered marginal for production. Marginal poor fertility and/or shallow soil depth, subject to erosion, often occurs semi-arid saline Moreover, these environments expected expand with ongoing climate change progressive degradation resources globally. Crop wild relatives (CWRs), most used as sources biotic resistance, also possess traits adapting them Wild progenitors selected over course their evolutionary history maintain fitness diverse range stresses. Conversely, broad adaptation reduced genetic diversity vulnerability abiotic challenges. There potential exploit heterogeneity, opposed uniformity, utilization lands. This review discusses adaptive improve performance strategies deploy them.

Язык: Английский

---

Number of simultaneously acting global change factors affects composition, diversity and productivity of grassland plant communities

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2022

Plant communities experience impacts of increasing numbers global change factors (e.g., warming, eutrophication, pollution). Consequently, unpredictable effects could arise. However, information about multi-factor on plant is scarce. To test plant-community responses to multiple (GCFs), we subjected sown and transplanted-seedling (0, 1, 2, 4, 6) co-acting GCFs, assessed individual GCFs community composition productivity. GCF number reduced species diversity evenness both types, whereas none the alone affected these measures. In contrast, positively productivity community. Our findings show that simultaneously acting can affect in ways differing from those expected single factor effects, which may be due biological sampling or both. exploring multifactorial nature crucial better understand ecological change.

Язык: Английский

---

Climate shapes the seed germination niche of temperate flowering plants: a meta-analysis of European seed conservation data

Annals of Botany, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 129(7), С. 775 - 786

Опубликована: Март 16, 2022

Interactions between ecological factors and seed physiological responses during the establishment phase shape distribution of plants. Yet, our understanding functions evolution early-life traits has been limited by scarcity large-scale datasets. Here, we tested hypothesis that germination niche temperate plants is shaped their climatic requirements phylogenetic relatedness, using data sourced from a comprehensive conservation database European flora (ENSCOBASE).

Язык: Английский

---