An integrated framework of plant form and function: the belowground perspective

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 232(1), С. 42 - 59

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2021

Summary Plant trait variation drives plant function, community composition and ecosystem processes. However, our current understanding of disproportionately relies on aboveground observations. Here we integrate root traits into the global framework form function. We developed tested an overarching conceptual that integrates two recently identified gradients with a well‐established framework. confronted novel published relationships between above‐ belowground analogues multivariate analyses 2510 species. Our represent leaf conservation (specific area, nitrogen concentration, tissue density), collaboration gradient (root diameter specific length) size (plant height rooting depth). found integrated, whole‐plant space required as much four axes. The main axes represented fast–slow ‘conservation’ which fine‐root were well aligned, ‘collaboration’ in roots. additional separate, orthogonal for depth. This perspective multidimensional nature better encompasses function influence surrounding environment.

Язык: Английский

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The Costs and Benefits of Plant–Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Interactions

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73(1), С. 649 - 672

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2022

The symbiotic interaction between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is often perceived as beneficial for both partners, though a large ecological literature highlights the context dependency of this interaction. Changes in abiotic variables, such nutrient availability, can drive along mutualism-parasitism continuum with variable outcomes plant growth fitness. However, AM benefit more ways than improved phosphorus nutrition growth. For example, promote biotic stress tolerance even when considered parasitic from provision perspective. Other being obligate biotrophs, very little known about benefits gain plants. In review, we utilize molecular biology approaches to expand our understanding plant-AM fungal across disciplines.

Язык: Английский

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Root functional traits explain root exudation rate and composition across a range of grassland species

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 110(1), С. 21 - 33

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2021

Abstract Plant root exudation is a crucial means through which plants communicate with soil microbes and influence rhizosphere processes. Exudation can also underlie ecosystem response to changing environmental conditions. Different plant species vary in their exudate quantity quality, but our understanding of the characteristics that drive these differences fragmentary. We hypothesised exudates would be under phylogenetic control fit within an exploitative nutrient uptake strategy, specifically high rates link traits indicative growth. collected from grown field soil, as well leachates entire plant–soil system, assess both quality exudates, interaction metabolome, across 18 common grassland species. found varied functional group were trait dependent. Particularly, diameter, tissue density nitrogen content explained much variation along phylogeny. Specific rate was highest forbs negatively correlated density, conservative resource‐use positively associated microbial collaboration resource ‘outsourcing’. Synthesis . provide novel insight into species‐specific identify might differences. Our results show fits, although not entirely, current models economic space, strong positive relationships outsourcing like diameter. Determining role key facet resource‐outsourcing strategy necessitates further research fundamental controls on particularly during change.

Язык: Английский

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Deciphering the role of specialist and generalist plant–microbial interactions as drivers of plant–soil feedback

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 234(6), С. 1929 - 1944

Опубликована: Март 26, 2022

Feedback between plants and soil microbial communities can be a powerful driver of vegetation dynamics. Plants elicit changes in the microbiome that either promote or suppress conspecifics at same location, thereby regulating population density-dependence species co-existence. Such effects are often attributed to accumulation host-specific antagonistic beneficial microbiota rhizosphere. However, identity host-specificity taxa involved rarely empirically assessed. Here we review evidence for plant-associated microbes propose specific plant-soil feedbacks also driven by generalists. We outline potential mechanisms which generalist pathogens, mutualists decomposers generate differential on plant hosts synthesize existing predict these as function investments into defence, dispersal. Importantly, capacity drive depends not only traits individual but phylogenetic functional diversity communities. Identifying factors specialization generalism plant-microbial interactions modulate impact performance will advance our understanding underlying feedback ways it contributes

Язык: Английский

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Precipitation balances deterministic and stochastic processes of bacterial community assembly in grassland soils

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 168, С. 108635 - 108635

Опубликована: Март 29, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Root exudates from drought-affected plants increase soil respiration across a range of grassland species

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 109731 - 109731

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Drought induces shifts in soil fungal communities that can be linked to root traits across 24 plant species

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 232(5), С. 1917 - 1929

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2021

Summary Root traits respond to drought in a species‐specific manner, but little is known about how soil fungal communities and root concert. In glasshouse experiment, we determined the response of pathogens, saprotrophs, mutualistic all fungi associated with roots 24 plant species subjected drought. At harvest, were characterized by sequencing. Data on extracted from previously published work. Differences beta diversity between control specific. For some species, saprotrophic increased relative abundance richness drought, whereas showed opposite pattern. Community structure pathogenic was specific slightly affected Pathogen composition correlated surface area : shoot, saprotroph tissue density, mutualist shoot. All these attributes that best predicted shoot mass. Fungal depended highly group related trait adjustments water scarcity. This provides new insights into role may have modulating plant–fungus interactions grasslands ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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Multi‐dimensionality as a path forward in plant‐soil feedback research

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 109(10), С. 3446 - 3465

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2021

Abstract Feedback between plants and their associated soil biota is an important driver of plant distribution, abundance community composition with consequences for ecosystem functioning. The field plant‐soil feedback (PSF) research has become integral subdiscipline terrestrial ecology, in recent decades rapidly evolved by deepening broadening its scope. We review the major developments field, discuss methodological considerations present a way forward new approaches to PSF that will lead more generalized predictive understanding PSFs. illustrate pursued multiple dimensions, including temporal scales, biogeographic perspectives, environmental context level biological resolution. Plant‐soil feedbacks have been related successional species turnover, but our inferences are often constrained experimental time‐scales, anthropogenic impacts can alter or disrupt interactions biota. also used explain spatial patterns recruitment, coexistence diversity, increasingly linked spread non‐native invasive plants. In years, consideration given sensitivity context, particularly gradients resource availability changing climatic conditions (including extreme events). Here, particular interest differential responses mutualistic antagonistic How interact different groups further predicted from species' phylogenetic relatedness chemical morphological shoot, root litter traits. Synthesis . moving forward, future should take multidimensional approach explicitly considering cross‐connections including, example, spatio‐temporal variation availability, trait–environment relationships across taxonomic functional organisms. This movement be accelerated advances utilizing types experiments laboratory as well establishing global collaborative networks.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term regional evidence of the effects of livestock grazing on soil microbial community structure and functions in surface and deep soil layers

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 168, С. 108629 - 108629

Опубликована: Март 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Climate factors determine the utilization strategy of forest plant resources at large scales

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2022

Plant functional traits are a representation of plant resource utilization strategies. Plants with higher specific leaf area (SLA) and lower dry matter content (LDMC) exhibit faster investment-return However, the distribution patterns driving factors strategies at macroscale rarely studied. We investigated relative importance climatic soil in shaping different life forms forests using data collected from 926 plots across 163 China. SLA LDMC plants (i.e., trees, shrubs, herbs) differ significantly. Resource show significant geographical differences, vegetation western arid regions adopting slower survival strategy warmer wetter areas strategy. decreases significantly increased temperature reduced rainfall, growing these conditions exhibits conservative utilization. Mean annual precipitation (MAP) is key factor that controls macroscale. use resources more conservatively as pH increases. The influence climate coupled to determine occupying macroscale, but contribution each varies forms. Our findings provide theoretical framework for understanding potential impact increasing global temperatures on

Язык: Английский

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