Temperature, nutrient availability, and species traits interact to shape elevation responses of Australian tropical trees

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2023

Elevation gradients provide natural laboratories for investigating tropical tree ecophysiology in the context of climate warming. Previously observed trends with increasing elevation include decreasing stem diameter growth rates (GR), leaf mass per area (LMA), higher root-to-shoot ratios (R:S), δ 13 C, and 15 N. These patterns could be driven by decreases temperature, lower soil nutrient availability, changes species composition, or a combination thereof. We investigated whether these hold within genus Flindersia (Rutaceae) along an gradient (0–1,600 m) Australian Wet Tropics. are relatively abundant important contributors to biomass forests. Next, we conducted glasshouse experiment better understand effects on growth, allocation, isotopic composition. In field, GR N decreased, whereas LMA C increased elevation, consistent observations other continents. Soil C:N ratio also decreased availability. glasshouse, relative (RGR) two lowland responded more strongly temperature than did those upland species. Interestingly, displayed opposite relationship compared that indicating importance covarying drivers field. Leaf nutrient-rich nutrient-poor like trend There was significant interaction between species; showed steeper increase This indicate flexibility nitrogen acquisition The distinguishing feature mountaintop restricted very high R:S at low temperatures, conditions approximating environment. Our results suggest traits interact availability drive patterns. Capturing this complexity models will challenging but is making realistic predictions responses global

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Approach to Improving Endemic Plant Species Research, Conservation, and Popularization

Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(2), С. 490 - 506

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2023

Scientific research is the main driver to push forward and disseminate botanical knowledge. Despite many institutions having this fundamental aim as a core activity, of them do not have complete set facilities, expertise, staff, resources cover all steps involved in study, management, conservation, popularization plant diversity. Accordingly, we propose workflow formalizing cooperation between garden center, focused on study endemic species. Specifically, was implemented PLANTSEED Lab Department Biology Botanic Garden Museum University Pisa. We present seven representative case studies (Armeria arenaria complex, Bellevalia webbiana, Crocus etruscus C. ilvensis, Dianthus virgineus Pulmonaria hirta Santolina chamaecyparissus complex) disentangle approaches opportunities arising from cooperative approaches, laboratory cultivation. analyze emerging properties derived synergistic by promoting open questions answering using comprehensive approach improving species research, garden. In manuscript, show how heterogeneous can constitute an effective easy-to-implement achieve goals each partner cooperation.

Язык: Английский

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Characterizing the landscape of plant science careers in the United States I: Government and private sector perspectives

Plants People Planet, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(5), С. 776 - 795

Опубликована: Май 3, 2023

Societal Impact Statement Humans are dependent upon plants for oxygen, food, textiles, and medicines. Climate change deforestation represent serious threats to our planet, causing significant disruptions ability access utilize these plant resources; this makes a botanically literate workforce science careers more important than ever. Unfortunately, the current state of botanical career opportunities training programs in United States remains unclear. This study focuses on employment trends government private sector botanists what skills future scientists will need be successful careers. Summary Plant plays crucial role society ongoing efforts address many global challenges, including food insecurity climate change. Yet, despite predicted increase States, landscape outside academia is not well understood. To further understanding required non‐academic careers, sub‐disciplines used job, challenges faced by scientists, we surveyed 61 working 59 States. In both sectors, > 80% survey participants reported recent hires at bachelor's degree level. New personnel with master's degrees were commonly (95%) (69%). Most focus ecology resource management. By contrast, most industry/non‐profit work involved horticulture biotechnology, some specific spanning sectors. Notably, one prediction made nearly decade ago appears manifesting: seem retiring quickly they being replaced. Survey respondents that attempts hire full‐time staff met obstacles, insufficient funding. professionals sectors emphasized their routine use developed as students, highlighting effective undergraduate We discuss implications findings present several recommendations preparing generations increasing scientific community's capacity.

Язык: Английский

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Integrated Ca, Mg, Cu, and Zn supply upregulates leaf anatomy and metabolic adjustments in Eucalyptus seedlings

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 208, С. 108446 - 108446

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Habitat conditions filter stronger for functional traits than for phenology in herbaceous species

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract An increasing number of studies in botanical gardens are investigating species' responses to climate change. However, the influence local environmental or habitat conditions such as soil nutrient status microclimate on phenology and link between morpho‐physiological functional traits phenological stages poorly understood, making it difficult extrapolate patterns from natural environments. Therefore, we selected herbaceous species growing two semi‐natural habitats, namely, semi‐dry grasslands (SDGs) mesophilic (MGs) garden Jena (Germany) investigate interspecific intraspecific phenology, their associations. For 16 species, monitored leaf flowering weekly for 133 populations three measured (i.e., whole plant, reproductive traits), well compared measurements across habitats. Multivariate analyses revealed that conspicuously showed stronger differences habitats traits. Populations MG temporal niche segregation, whereas SDG synchrony. Boosted Regression Trees traits, especially strongly influenced trait‐phenology relationships were highly habitat‐specific. We conclude is broadly similar environment may be constrained by a certain suite correlated due ecological plant strategies vary The effect phenology‐trait important should not neglected at scales, implying consequences larger scales.

Язык: Английский

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Aligning to the UN Sustainable Development Goals: Assessing Contributions of UBC Botanical Garden

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(10), С. 6275 - 6275

Опубликована: Май 21, 2022

The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development outlines 17 goals the wellbeing of people and planet. purpose this study was to understand how University British Columbia Botanical Garden (UBCBG) contributes Goals (UN-SDGs) identify opportunities future action. To address this, we worked across departments assess our programs activities against UN-SDG 169 targets. indicators were only used potential metrics that could be consider tracking. main UBCBG include ex situ plant conservation, sustainability education community engagement. Our results found 12 24 two UN-SDGs with more targets aligned UBCBG’s Goal 15—Life on Land 12—Responsible Consumption Production. Through its partnerships other botanical gardens, research institutions regional government, amplifies work at a global, national level. We are re-imagining role gardens in an age equity, decolonization, biodiversity crisis climate emergency. Since both nature people, they appropriate framework guide work.

Язык: Английский

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The Trees of the Pisa Botanic Garden under Climate Change Scenarios: What Are We Walking into?

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(5), С. 4585 - 4585

Опубликована: Март 3, 2023

Botanical gardens are dynamic systems of high scientific, ecological, cultural, and historical value. They irreplaceable places to cultivate, manage, study, preserve tree diversity. One the ongoing biggest challenges worldwide in managing preserving trees is climate change, which exposes specimens more stressful severe environmental conditions, causing an increase mortality. In our research, we aimed assess future change impact on collection Botanic Garden Pisa order outline expected consequences about cultivation management. Under most pessimistic scenario, 2090 than 60% species cultivated fall outside their climatic niche. Future chances pitfalls urban green areas, focusing botanical garden community, also explored.

Язык: Английский

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The potential impacts of climate change on ex situ conservation options for recalcitrant-seeded species

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023

Recalcitrant seeds are characterized by desiccation and freezing sensitivity, short storage longevity. These physiological attributes obviate their ex situ conservation in conventional seed banks, where stored dry at sub-zero temperatures (typically, 15% relative humidity –20°C) for extended periods of time. Propagation plants field collections (e.g., botanical gardens, nurseries, arboretums) is a valuable option. However, these relatively costly, require high maintenance, preserve limited genetic diversity and/or directly exposed to biotic pests) abiotic climatic) threats. Therefore, recalcitrant-seeded (RS) species dependent on cryopreservation safe long-term conservation. Different explant sources such as whole seeds, zygotic embryos, dormant buds, shoot tips, pollen, can be used plant propagation RS well cryopreservation. The success the or explants often depends developmental status, vigor, tolerance chilling/freezing. modulated environment donor grows we hypothesize that climate change, affecting biological attributes, would impact To support this hypothesis, have reviewed how temperature changes drought, two main change scenarios, affect involved tropical temperate species. In general, increases drought will negatively development quality Consequently, may need moved more suitable places higher latitudes/altitudes). Additionally, find reduction germplasm harvested from collections. cannot always generalize effects all since they depend origin tend respond differently), genotype, adaptive potential each population, severity environmental change. On other hand, increase water stress high-latitude areas also some environments favor production seedlings better adapted drying, hence, embryo

Язык: Английский

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Botanic gardens: Seizing the moment while imagining the future

Plants People Planet, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4(6), С. 548 - 557

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2022

Societal Impact Statement The coronavirus pandemic has reminded us that green spaces provide sanctuary and comfort, as well opportunities for release relief, during difficult times. However, to ensure continuing viability, botanical gardens can do more address important societal concerns, especially around the environment. Sustaining relevance through action, local while also thinking beyond science, making creative use of electronic outreach will help botanic flourish. Summary This paper is a personal reflection on high‐level issues relevant future similar organisations, based experiences author at Field Museum in Chicago, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London, Yale School Forestry Environmental Studies (now Environment) New Haven, Connecticut, Oak Spring Garden Foundation northern Virginia. have inherent advantage passages nature, cities, are vital individual social well‐being. But this natural needs be supplemented by actions take into account changing world respond meaningful ways concerns supporters stakeholders. I emphasise five principles now future: (1) key; (2) science not enough; (3) speak louder than words; (4) action disproportionately important; (5) optional. Leadership from outstanding individuals vital. Finding, encouraging developing energetic people who open minded, determined make difference willing embrace change institutional success.

Язык: Английский

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Blossoming Insights: A Bibliometric Review of Botanical Gardens’ Research Across Time (1960-2023)

Опубликована: Май 27, 2024

This bibliometric analysis delves into the realm of botanical gardens through process mapping literature and discerning research frontiers, underlying themes, interconnections within extant body knowledge. The study uses a dataset 1340 publications employs methodologies such as authors' keywords co-occurrence data to examine discipline's trends, patterns, knowledge gaps. finds significant growth in from 1960 2023, emphasizing gardens, conservation, taxonomy, biodiversity, ex-situ diversity. Key influencers Sanja Kovačić, Elaissi, Chemli have steered directions towards conservation essential oils, reflecting field's interdisciplinary nature. shows global institutional variation, with entities like Chinese Academy Sciences, Royal Botanic Gardens UK, New York Botanical Garden US leading discourse. Thematic analyses identified core themes emerging topics, ecological restoration, invasive species, climate change mirroring expanding scope. consistent prevalence 'botanical gardens' 'conservation' over time underscores their enduring significance. Emerging topics biodiversity are gaining prominence, signaling shift priorities. array subjects, including 'invasive species' 'genetic diversity,' indicates an amplified scope growing complexity garden research. aims bridge crucial gap by outlining developmental trajectory offering guidance for future directions. Diverse domains studies, present extensive avenues exploration. Future endeavors should delve these impactful better understand ecosystems conservation. emphasizes importance nurturing collaborations multidisciplinary projects, advocating comprehensive collaborative approach studies.

Язык: Английский

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