Effect of climate warming on the timing of autumn leaf senescence reverses after the summer solstice

Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 381(6653)

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

Climate change is shifting the growing seasons of plants, affecting species performance and biogeochemical cycles. Yet how timing autumn leaf senescence in Northern Hemisphere forests will remains uncertain. Using satellite, ground, carbon flux, experimental data, we show that early-season late-season warming have opposite effects on senescence, with a reversal occurring after year's longest day (the summer solstice). Across 84% northern forest area, increased temperature vegetation activity before solstice led to an earlier onset of, average, 1.9 ± 0.1 days per °C, whereas warmer post-solstice temperatures extended duration by 2.6 °C. The current trajectories toward slowed progression affect Hemisphere-wide trends growing-season length productivity.

Язык: Английский

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Thermal remote sensing for plant ecology from leaf to globe

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 110(9), С. 1996 - 2014

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Abstract Surface temperatures are mechanistically linked to vegetation biophysical and physiological processes. Although remote sensing in the thermal infrared (TIR) domain can offer novel insights into impacts of changing surface on vegetation, transformative potential for plant ecology has not yet been realized. Remotely sensed be used derive stomatal behaviour identify stressful environmental conditions near‐real time. Plant species, traits structural characteristics evaluated with high spectral resolution TIR emissivity. Beyond canopy scales, enhance inferences obtained from manipulative experiments empirical evidence, providing unique insight shifts species ranges phenology climate conditions. Scaling leaf traits, structure regional patterns require an integrated understanding both process technology. Theory linking dynamics is summarized energy balance perspective. We outline scaling considerations including morphology balance, influences convective heat exchange confounding non‐vegetated surfaces. Synthesis . introduce a unifying framework link globe through sensing. Recent emerging advances sensors, data availability analytics, together synergies between other sources, present timely opportunity ecologists advance our physiology, biogeography

Язык: Английский

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Increased precipitation leads to earlier green-up and later senescence in Tibetan alpine grassland regardless of warming

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 871, С. 162000 - 162000

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Canopy structure regulates autumn phenology by mediating the microclimate in temperate forests

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 1299 - 1305

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Atmospheric brightening counteracts warming‐induced delays in autumn phenology of temperate trees in Europe

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 30(12), С. 2477 - 2487

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2021

Abstract Aim Ongoing climate warming has been widely reported to delay autumn phenology, which in turn impacts carbon, water, energy and nutrient balances at regional global scales. However, the underlying mechanisms of phenology responses change have not fully elucidated. The aims this study were determine whether brightening that was defined as increase surface solar radiation during recent decades affect opposite directions explore mechanisms. Location Central Europe. Time period 1950–2016. Major taxa studied Four dominant European tree species central Europe: Aesculus hippocastanum , Betula pendula Fagus sylvatica Quercus robur . Methods We investigated temporal trends leaf senescence, preseason temperature by separating 1950–2016 into two sub‐periods (1950–1982 1983–2016) determined relationship between temperature, senescence using partial correlation analysis. Results found a significant trend after 1980s Europe, yet led only slight delays cannot be explained well‐known positive warming. Interestingly, we effects (partial coefficient, r = .37) ( −.23) on senescence. In addition, sensitivity decreased with increasing (−5.08 days/℃/10 8 J/m 2 ). Main conclusions results suggested accelerated dates, counteracting warming‐induced may attributed photooxidative stress and/or sink limitation. This emphasizes need consider improve performance models.

Язык: Английский

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Woody species do not differ in dormancy progression: Differences in time to budbreak due to forcing and cold hardiness

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(19)

Опубликована: Май 2, 2022

Budbreak is one of the most observed and studied phenological phases in perennial plants, but predictions remain a challenge, largely due to our poor understanding dormancy. Two dimensions exposure temperature are generally used model budbreak: accumulation time spent at low temperatures (chilling) heat units (forcing). These two effects have well-established negative correlation; with more chilling, less forcing required for budbreak. Furthermore, temperate plant species assumed vary chilling requirements dormancy completion allowing proper Here, investigated from cold hardiness standpoint across many species, demonstrating that it should be accounted study accurately predict Most lost prior budbreak, rates loss (deacclimation) among leading different times Within deacclimation rate increases chill. When inherent differences between by normalizing throughout winter maximum observed, standardized potential produced. Deacclimation quantitative measurement progression based on responsiveness as chill accumulates, which similarly all contradicting estimations transition budbreak assays. This finding indicates comparisons physiologic genetic control require an dynamics. Thus, updated framework studying its spring phenology suggested where lieu (or addition to) used.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating fine-scale phenology from PlanetScope satellites with ground observations across temperate forests in eastern North America

Remote Sensing of Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 283, С. 113310 - 113310

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Plant phenology shifts under climate warming: a systematic review of recent scientific literature

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 196(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of the global carbon and water cycles through vegetation structural and physiological dynamics

Environmental Research Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(7), С. 073008 - 073008

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Vegetation plays an essential role in regulating carbon and water cycles, e.g. by taking up atmospheric CO 2 through photosynthesis transferring soil to the atmosphere transpiration. function is shaped its structure physiology: vegetation determined amount of materials for plants how it organised space time, while physiology controls instantaneous response environmental conditions. Recognizing disentangling these aspects key understanding predicting terrestrial biosphere global change. This now possible, as comprehensive measurements from Earth observations, both satellites ground, provide invaluable data information. review introduces describes physiology, summarises, compares, contextualises recent literature illustrate state art monitoring dynamics, quantifying large-scale investigating regulation on changes fluxes. includes results remote sensing, in-situ measurements, model simulations, used either study change, or feedback cycles. We find that observation-based work underrepresented compared with model-based studies. therefore advocate further make better use sensing they promote dynamics a fundamental data-driven perspective. highlight usefulness novel increasing satellite comprehensively investigate structural physiological scale, infer their influence land sink evaporation. argue field campaigns can should complement analyses together fine spatio-temporal resolution relevant ecosystem-scale processes.

Язык: Английский

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The performance of growing degree day models to predict spring phenology of herbaceous species depends on the species' temporal niche

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 9, 2025

Abstract The concept of growing degree days (GDDs) is commonly used to predict phenological events in plants, assuming that plants develop proportionally the accumulated temperature. Two species‐specific parameters, T Base and t 0 (minimum temperature above which start date when GDDs begin accumulate), are considered for calculation. However, optimised thresholds wild herbaceous species remain sparse, therefore reliability models questionable. By employing several modelling approaches using records leaf unfolding flowering onset 87 collected six European botanical gardens between 2019 2024, we assessed GDD across a diverse array species. We further examined whether calculating can be large set single aimed estimate evaluate these species' temporal niche bud traits see specific groups species, work better. Our analyses revealed performed better than null model (i.e. mean years species) 84% 70% respectively. results showed with intermediate niches were less dependent on selection . Overall, found performance around 4°C most considering thresholds, predictions dates more accurate early‐growing regarding accumulation, larger values suitable later or onset. emphasise simple accumulating by studied approximate underlying parameters applying valid many use but advantageous small datasets would otherwise overfitted complex models. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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