Temperature responses of ecosystem respiration

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(8), С. 559 - 571

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Microclimate modulation: An overlooked mechanism influencing the impact of plant diversity on ecosystem functioning

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Changes in climate and biodiversity are widely recognized as primary global change drivers of ecosystem structure functioning, also affecting services provided to human populations. Increasing plant diversity not only enhances functioning stability but mitigates effects buffers extreme weather conditions, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Recent studies have shown that can mitigate (e.g. reduce temperature fluctuations or drought through microclimatic effects) different compartments focal ecosystem, which such may contribute effect on properties functioning. However, these potential diversity‐induced microclimate sufficiently understood. Here, we explored consequences modulation modification by for a mechanism contributing documented biodiversity–ecosystem (BEF) relationships, using combination theoretical simulation approaches. We focused diverse set response variables at various levels integration ranging from ecosystem‐level carbon exchange soil enzyme activity, including population dynamics activity specific organisms. demonstrated vegetation layer composed many species has influence thus mitigating negative impacts extremes Integrating processes temperature, humidity light modulation) BEF relationships is promising avenue improve our understanding better predict future structure, services. In addition, management monitoring should be seen tool practitioners adapt ecosystems change.

Язык: Английский

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A sequential light-harvesting system with thermosensitive colorimetric emission in both aqueous solution and hydrogel

Chemical Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60(35), С. 4719 - 4722

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

An artificial thermoresponsive light-harvesting system with sequential energy transfer has been successfully constructed, which shows thermosensitive colorimetric fluorescence in both aqueous solution and hydrogel.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the impact of global carbon dioxide changes on atmospheric fluctuations in Iran through satellite data analysis

Journal of Water and Climate Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(6), С. 2774 - 2791

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

ABSTRACT Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (CO2), a significant greenhouse gas, drives climate change, influencing temperature, rainfall, and the hydrologic cycle. This alters precipitation patterns, intensifies storms, changes drought frequency timing of floods, impacting ecosystems, agriculture, water resources, societies globally. Understanding how global CO2 fluctuations impact regional atmospheric levels can inform mitigation strategies Facilitate resources management. The study investigates affect concentrations (XCO2) in Iran from 2015 to 2020, aiming against change. XCO2 data OCO-2 satellite surface flux Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) were analyzed. Over 6 years, increased steadily by 12.66 ppm, mirroring rises. However, Iran's decreased, with slight increases anthropogenic emissions but decreased natural total fluxes. Monthly patterns exhibited variations, reaching its zenith spring dipping lowest point during summer, while peaked summer months. results reveal discrepancy between trends. While barely 2015–2020, fluxes decreased. over this period, indicating dominant rather than local factors on XCO2. Curbing worldwide gas output is imperative disrupt current trajectory Reporting plans, reducing combat warming minimize impacts

Язык: Английский

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Leaf Photosynthetic and Respiratory Thermal Acclimation in Terrestrial Plants in Response to Warming: A Global Synthesis

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Leaf photosynthesis and respiration are two of the largest carbon fluxes between atmosphere biosphere. Although experiments examining warming effects on photosynthetic respiratory thermal acclimation have been widely conducted, sensitivity various ecosystem vegetation types to remains uncertain. Here we conducted a meta-analysis experimental observations worldwide. We found that optimum temperature for rate (Topt) maximum carboxylation Rubisco (ToptV) in tropical forest plants increased by 0.51°C 2.12°C per 1°C warming, respectively. Similarly, Topt electron transport RuBP regeneration (ToptJ) temperate 0.91°C 0.15°C However, reduced rates at (Aopt) were observed (17.2%) grassland (16.5%) plants, indicating they exhibited limited warming. Warming (R25) boreal 6.2%, suggesting can acclimate Photosynthesis broadleaved deciduous trees may adapt as indicated higher Aopt (7.5%) (1.08°C warming), but lower R25 (7.7%). needleleaved evergreen (-14.1%) herbs (-16.3%), both associated with Aopt. Respiration acclimated (reduced (Q10)); however, did not (increased R25). Plants grasslands herbaceous species displayed weakest primarily due significant reductions Our global synthesis provides comprehensive analysis divergent across types, framework modeling responses cycling

Язык: Английский

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Spatiotemporal changes of vegetation in the northern foothills of Qinling Mountains based on kNDVI considering climate time-lag effects and human activities

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 120959 - 120959

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Seed Production and 22 Years of Climatic Changes in an Everwet Neotropical Forest

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Examining the cues and drivers influencing seed production is crucial to better understand forest resilience climate change. We explored effects of five climatic variables on over 22 years in an everwet Amazonian forest, by separating direct these from indirect mediated through flower production. observed a decline study period, which was primarily explained rising nighttime temperatures declining average vapour pressure deficits. Higher daytime were positively related output, mainly flower-mediated effect, while rainfall more nuanced, showing either positive or negative relationships depending seasonal timing rains. If trends continue, they are likely lead significant changes dynamics, potentially impacting both structure species composition.

Язык: Английский

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Photosynthetic traits scale linearly with relative height within the canopy in an African tropical forest

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Summary Understanding leaf photosynthetic traits and their variation in tropical forests is crucial for improving model predictions of forest productivity, accurately representing the high functional diversity these remains a challenge. Moreover, photosynthesis data are lacking Congo basin. We observed photosynthetic, chemical structural 24 woody species Congolese studied variance across guilds, within‐tree crown positions overall canopy defined by relative height within canopy. Guild position jointly influenced traits, with significant effect (marginal R 2 > 0.43). The traditional guild classification explained portion interspecies variation, revealing clear gradient from shade‐tolerant to light‐demanding species. Crown significantly affected intraindividual trait variability, bottom leaves exhibiting values at least 19.3% lower than top leaves. Importantly, linear relationship between emerged as robust continuous metric, effectively integrating both inter‐ intraspecific variability. conclude that while guild‐based classifications provide useful framework identifying plant groups, offers quantitative approach capturing valuable modeling processes.

Язык: Английский

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MEDFATE 2.9.3: a trait-enabled model to simulate Mediterranean forest function and dynamics at regional scales

Geoscientific model development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(11), С. 3165 - 3201

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023

Abstract. Regional-level applications of dynamic vegetation models are challenging because they need to accommodate the variation in plant functional diversity, which requires moving away from broadly defined types. Different approaches have been adopted last years incorporate a trait-based perspective into modeling exercises. A common parametrization strategy involves using trait data represent between individuals while discarding taxonomic identity. However, this ignores phylogenetic signal and cannot be employed when predictions for specific taxa needed, such as inform forest management planning. An alternative adapting resolution model entities that source large-scale initialization estimating parameters available databases, adopting diverse solutions missing non-observable parameters. Here we report advantages limitations second according our experience development MEDFATE (version 2.9.3), novel cohort-based trait-enabled dynamics, its application over region western Mediterranean Basin. First, 217 were woody species codes Spanish National Forest Inventory. While inventory records used obtain some empirical parameter estimates, large proportion physiological, morphological, anatomical matched measured traits, with estimates extracted multiple databases averaged at required level. Estimates key obtained meta-modeling calibration Missing values addressed imputation procedures based on covariation, averages or both. The properly simulated observed historical changes basal area, performance similar an trained same region. strong efforts still parameterize taxa, intra-specific variability, estimation those presented here can progressively refined, transferred other regions iterated following by employing automated workflows. We advocate adoption population-structured regional-level projections function dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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Climate anomalies and neighbourhood crowding interact in shaping tree growth in old‐growth and selectively logged tropical forests

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(3), С. 590 - 612

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2024

Abstract Climate extremes and biotic interactions at the neighbourhood scale affect tropical forest dynamics with long‐term consequences for biodiversity, global carbon cycling climate change mitigation. However, disturbance may crowding intensity, thus relative contribution of on tree growth, thereby influencing resistance resilience to change. Here, we aim evaluate separate interactive effects neighbours growth in old‐growth disturbed forests. We used 30 years measurements over 300 species from 15 plots French Guiana investigate anomalies (in solar radiation, maximum temperature, vapour pressure deficit climatic water deficit) individual growth. Contrasting selectively logged forests, also examined how history affects sensitivity neighbours. Finally, most abundant 100 species, evaluated role 12 functional traits pertaining relations, light use mediating anomalies, their interactions. tied heat drought stress independently reduced showed positive which attenuated Their were stronger than undisturbed Fast‐growing (i.e. higher intrinsic rates) more forests sensitive crowding. Traits related captured sensitivities different levels but weak predictors Synthesis : Our results demonstrate that can interact shape suggesting considering context improve predictions facing altered regimes. Furthermore, capture neighbours, better representing leading dimensions strategies offers a promising way towards understanding underlying ecological mechanisms govern dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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