Tree Physiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
43(8), С. 1383 - 1399
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023
Abstract
As
the
global
climate
warms,
a
key
question
is
how
increased
leaf
temperatures
will
affect
tree
physiology
and
coupling
between
air
in
forests.
To
explore
impact
of
increasing
on
plant
performance
open
air,
we
warmed
leaves
canopy
two
mature
evergreen
forests,
temperate
Eucalyptus
woodland
tropical
rainforest.
The
heaters
consistently
maintained
at
target
4
°C
above
ambient
temperatures.
Ambient
(Tleaf)
were
mostly
coupled
to
(Tair),
but
times,
could
be
8–10
warmer
than
temperatures,
especially
full
sun.
At
both
sites,
Tleaf
was
higher
(Tair
>
25
°C),
cooler
lower
Tair,
contrary
‘leaf
homeothermy
hypothesis’.
Warmed
showed
significantly
stomatal
conductance
(−0.05
mol
m−2
s−1
or
−43%
across
species)
net
photosynthesis
(−3.91
μmol
−39%),
with
similar
rates
respiration
common
temperature
(no
acclimation).
Increased
due
future
warming
reduce
carbon
assimilation
via
reduced
these
potentially
weakening
land
sink
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
30(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
Abstract
Changes
in
climate
and
biodiversity
are
widely
recognized
as
primary
global
change
drivers
of
ecosystem
structure
functioning,
also
affecting
services
provided
to
human
populations.
Increasing
plant
diversity
not
only
enhances
functioning
stability
but
mitigates
effects
buffers
extreme
weather
conditions,
yet
the
underlying
mechanisms
remain
largely
unclear.
Recent
studies
have
shown
that
can
mitigate
(e.g.
reduce
temperature
fluctuations
or
drought
through
microclimatic
effects)
different
compartments
focal
ecosystem,
which
such
may
contribute
effect
on
properties
functioning.
However,
these
potential
diversity‐induced
microclimate
sufficiently
understood.
Here,
we
explored
consequences
modulation
modification
by
for
a
mechanism
contributing
documented
biodiversity–ecosystem
(BEF)
relationships,
using
combination
theoretical
simulation
approaches.
We
focused
diverse
set
response
variables
at
various
levels
integration
ranging
from
ecosystem‐level
carbon
exchange
soil
enzyme
activity,
including
population
dynamics
activity
specific
organisms.
demonstrated
vegetation
layer
composed
many
species
has
influence
thus
mitigating
negative
impacts
extremes
Integrating
processes
temperature,
humidity
light
modulation)
BEF
relationships
is
promising
avenue
improve
our
understanding
better
predict
future
structure,
services.
In
addition,
management
monitoring
should
be
seen
tool
practitioners
adapt
ecosystems
change.
Chemical Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60(35), С. 4719 - 4722
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
An
artificial
thermoresponsive
light-harvesting
system
with
sequential
energy
transfer
has
been
successfully
constructed,
which
shows
thermosensitive
colorimetric
fluorescence
in
both
aqueous
solution
and
hydrogel.
Journal of Water and Climate Change,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(6), С. 2774 - 2791
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024
ABSTRACT
Atmospheric
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2),
a
significant
greenhouse
gas,
drives
climate
change,
influencing
temperature,
rainfall,
and
the
hydrologic
cycle.
This
alters
precipitation
patterns,
intensifies
storms,
changes
drought
frequency
timing
of
floods,
impacting
ecosystems,
agriculture,
water
resources,
societies
globally.
Understanding
how
global
CO2
fluctuations
impact
regional
atmospheric
levels
can
inform
mitigation
strategies
Facilitate
resources
management.
The
study
investigates
affect
concentrations
(XCO2)
in
Iran
from
2015
to
2020,
aiming
against
change.
XCO2
data
OCO-2
satellite
surface
flux
Copernicus
Atmosphere
Monitoring
Service
(CAMS)
were
analyzed.
Over
6
years,
increased
steadily
by
12.66
ppm,
mirroring
rises.
However,
Iran's
decreased,
with
slight
increases
anthropogenic
emissions
but
decreased
natural
total
fluxes.
Monthly
patterns
exhibited
variations,
reaching
its
zenith
spring
dipping
lowest
point
during
summer,
while
peaked
summer
months.
results
reveal
discrepancy
between
trends.
While
barely
2015–2020,
fluxes
decreased.
over
this
period,
indicating
dominant
rather
than
local
factors
on
XCO2.
Curbing
worldwide
gas
output
is
imperative
disrupt
current
trajectory
Reporting
plans,
reducing
combat
warming
minimize
impacts
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
31(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Leaf
photosynthesis
and
respiration
are
two
of
the
largest
carbon
fluxes
between
atmosphere
biosphere.
Although
experiments
examining
warming
effects
on
photosynthetic
respiratory
thermal
acclimation
have
been
widely
conducted,
sensitivity
various
ecosystem
vegetation
types
to
remains
uncertain.
Here
we
conducted
a
meta-analysis
experimental
observations
worldwide.
We
found
that
optimum
temperature
for
rate
(Topt)
maximum
carboxylation
Rubisco
(ToptV)
in
tropical
forest
plants
increased
by
0.51°C
2.12°C
per
1°C
warming,
respectively.
Similarly,
Topt
electron
transport
RuBP
regeneration
(ToptJ)
temperate
0.91°C
0.15°C
However,
reduced
rates
at
(Aopt)
were
observed
(17.2%)
grassland
(16.5%)
plants,
indicating
they
exhibited
limited
warming.
Warming
(R25)
boreal
6.2%,
suggesting
can
acclimate
Photosynthesis
broadleaved
deciduous
trees
may
adapt
as
indicated
higher
Aopt
(7.5%)
(1.08°C
warming),
but
lower
R25
(7.7%).
needleleaved
evergreen
(-14.1%)
herbs
(-16.3%),
both
associated
with
Aopt.
Respiration
acclimated
(reduced
(Q10));
however,
did
not
(increased
R25).
Plants
grasslands
herbaceous
species
displayed
weakest
primarily
due
significant
reductions
Our
global
synthesis
provides
comprehensive
analysis
divergent
across
types,
framework
modeling
responses
cycling
Examining
the
cues
and
drivers
influencing
seed
production
is
crucial
to
better
understand
forest
resilience
climate
change.
We
explored
effects
of
five
climatic
variables
on
over
22
years
in
an
everwet
Amazonian
forest,
by
separating
direct
these
from
indirect
mediated
through
flower
production.
observed
a
decline
study
period,
which
was
primarily
explained
rising
nighttime
temperatures
declining
average
vapour
pressure
deficits.
Higher
daytime
were
positively
related
output,
mainly
flower-mediated
effect,
while
rainfall
more
nuanced,
showing
either
positive
or
negative
relationships
depending
seasonal
timing
rains.
If
trends
continue,
they
are
likely
lead
significant
changes
dynamics,
potentially
impacting
both
structure
species
composition.
Summary
Understanding
leaf
photosynthetic
traits
and
their
variation
in
tropical
forests
is
crucial
for
improving
model
predictions
of
forest
productivity,
accurately
representing
the
high
functional
diversity
these
remains
a
challenge.
Moreover,
photosynthesis
data
are
lacking
Congo
basin.
We
observed
photosynthetic,
chemical
structural
24
woody
species
Congolese
studied
variance
across
guilds,
within‐tree
crown
positions
overall
canopy
defined
by
relative
height
within
canopy.
Guild
position
jointly
influenced
traits,
with
significant
effect
(marginal
R
2
>
0.43).
The
traditional
guild
classification
explained
portion
interspecies
variation,
revealing
clear
gradient
from
shade‐tolerant
to
light‐demanding
species.
Crown
significantly
affected
intraindividual
trait
variability,
bottom
leaves
exhibiting
values
at
least
19.3%
lower
than
top
leaves.
Importantly,
linear
relationship
between
emerged
as
robust
continuous
metric,
effectively
integrating
both
inter‐
intraspecific
variability.
conclude
that
while
guild‐based
classifications
provide
useful
framework
identifying
plant
groups,
offers
quantitative
approach
capturing
valuable
modeling
processes.
Geoscientific model development,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
16(11), С. 3165 - 3201
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023
Abstract.
Regional-level
applications
of
dynamic
vegetation
models
are
challenging
because
they
need
to
accommodate
the
variation
in
plant
functional
diversity,
which
requires
moving
away
from
broadly
defined
types.
Different
approaches
have
been
adopted
last
years
incorporate
a
trait-based
perspective
into
modeling
exercises.
A
common
parametrization
strategy
involves
using
trait
data
represent
between
individuals
while
discarding
taxonomic
identity.
However,
this
ignores
phylogenetic
signal
and
cannot
be
employed
when
predictions
for
specific
taxa
needed,
such
as
inform
forest
management
planning.
An
alternative
adapting
resolution
model
entities
that
source
large-scale
initialization
estimating
parameters
available
databases,
adopting
diverse
solutions
missing
non-observable
parameters.
Here
we
report
advantages
limitations
second
according
our
experience
development
MEDFATE
(version
2.9.3),
novel
cohort-based
trait-enabled
dynamics,
its
application
over
region
western
Mediterranean
Basin.
First,
217
were
woody
species
codes
Spanish
National
Forest
Inventory.
While
inventory
records
used
obtain
some
empirical
parameter
estimates,
large
proportion
physiological,
morphological,
anatomical
matched
measured
traits,
with
estimates
extracted
multiple
databases
averaged
at
required
level.
Estimates
key
obtained
meta-modeling
calibration
Missing
values
addressed
imputation
procedures
based
on
covariation,
averages
or
both.
The
properly
simulated
observed
historical
changes
basal
area,
performance
similar
an
trained
same
region.
strong
efforts
still
parameterize
taxa,
intra-specific
variability,
estimation
those
presented
here
can
progressively
refined,
transferred
other
regions
iterated
following
by
employing
automated
workflows.
We
advocate
adoption
population-structured
regional-level
projections
function
dynamics.
Journal of Ecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
112(3), С. 590 - 612
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2024
Abstract
Climate
extremes
and
biotic
interactions
at
the
neighbourhood
scale
affect
tropical
forest
dynamics
with
long‐term
consequences
for
biodiversity,
global
carbon
cycling
climate
change
mitigation.
However,
disturbance
may
crowding
intensity,
thus
relative
contribution
of
on
tree
growth,
thereby
influencing
resistance
resilience
to
change.
Here,
we
aim
evaluate
separate
interactive
effects
neighbours
growth
in
old‐growth
disturbed
forests.
We
used
30
years
measurements
over
300
species
from
15
plots
French
Guiana
investigate
anomalies
(in
solar
radiation,
maximum
temperature,
vapour
pressure
deficit
climatic
water
deficit)
individual
growth.
Contrasting
selectively
logged
forests,
also
examined
how
history
affects
sensitivity
neighbours.
Finally,
most
abundant
100
species,
evaluated
role
12
functional
traits
pertaining
relations,
light
use
mediating
anomalies,
their
interactions.
tied
heat
drought
stress
independently
reduced
showed
positive
which
attenuated
Their
were
stronger
than
undisturbed
Fast‐growing
(i.e.
higher
intrinsic
rates)
more
forests
sensitive
crowding.
Traits
related
captured
sensitivities
different
levels
but
weak
predictors
Synthesis
:
Our
results
demonstrate
that
can
interact
shape
suggesting
considering
context
improve
predictions
facing
altered
regimes.
Furthermore,
capture
neighbours,
better
representing
leading
dimensions
strategies
offers
a
promising
way
towards
understanding
underlying
ecological
mechanisms
govern
dynamics.