Oxford University Press eBooks,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown, С. 159 - 212
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2023
Abstract
Modules
are
the
basic
architectural
building
blocks
of
a
plant.
Roots
anchor
plants
in
place,
provide
support
for
growing
stems,
acquire
water
and
mineral
nutrients
from
soil,
transport
minerals
to
aboveground
tissues.
Clonality
bud
banks
neglected
aspect
plant
form
function.
Stems
canopies
leaves
branches,
store
water,
minerals,
carbohydrates.
Leaves
face
fundamental
constraint:
they
must
lose
gain
carbon.
The
leaf
economics
spectrum
describes
trade-off
between
rate
carbon
fixation
cost
tissue
construction.
Defining
globally
comparable
phenological
traits
is
an
important
unsolved
problem.
innovation
seeds
revolutionized
reproduction
because
fertilization
was
no
longer
limited
wet
environments,
it
enabled
young
travel
dormant
state
find
more
favorable
opportunities
colonization.
Our
understanding
dimensionality
functional
rapidly
growing,
but
at
least
five
dimensions
important:
spectrum,
height,
rooting
depth,
belowground
collaboration
with
fungi,
seed-or-resprout
spectrum.
Evolution
branching
process
species
that
close
together
on
evolutionary
tree
likely
share
similar
phenotypic
closely
related,
especially
when
strongly
conserved.
However,
phylogenetic
conservatism
not
only
explanation
trait
similarity
among
related
natural
selection
can
also
explain
it.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022
Abstract
Root
nodule
symbiosis
(RNS)
allows
plants
to
access
atmospheric
nitrogen
converted
into
usable
forms
through
a
mutualistic
relationship
with
soil
bacteria.
RNS
is
complex
trait
requiring
coordination
from
both
the
plant
host
and
bacterial
symbiont,
pinpointing
evolutionary
origins
of
root
nodules
critical
for
understanding
genetic
basis
RNS.
This
endeavor
complicated
by
data
limitations
intermittent
presence
in
single
clade
ca.
30,000
species
flowering
plants,
i.e.,
nitrogen-fixing
(NFC).
We
developed
most
extensive
de
novo
phylogeny
all
major
lineages
NFC
an
enhanced
database
reconstruct
evolution
Through
identification
pathway
gain,
we
show
that
shifts
among
heterogeneous
rates
can
explain
how
such
as
arise
many
times
across
large
phylogeny.
Our
analysis
identifies
two-step
process
which
ancestral
precursor
state
gave
rise
more
labile
was
quickly
gained
at
specific
points
NFC.
rigorous
reconstruction
states
illustrates
could
have
led
multiple
independent
gains
losses
RNS,
contrary
recent
hypotheses
invoking
just
gain
numerous
losses.
may
be
example
multi-level
convergent
evolution,
thus
broader
phylogenetic
scope
genome-phenome
mapping
elucidate
mechanisms
enabling
fully
functional
The Plant Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
121(6)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
SUMMARY
Bryophytes,
which
include
mosses,
liverworts,
and
hornworts,
have
evolved
a
highly
successful
strategy
for
thriving
in
terrestrial
environments,
allowing
them
to
occupy
nearly
every
land
ecosystem.
Their
success
is
due
unique
combination
of
biochemical
adaptations,
diverse
structural
forms,
specialized
life
cycle
strategies.
The
key
their
evolutionary
lies
genomic
diversity.
To
fully
decode
this
diversity,
the
use
advanced
genome
engineering
techniques
crucial.
In
review,
we
explore
diversity
bryophytes
latest
advancements
studies
engineering,
ranging
from
precise
gene
editing
whole‐genome
synthesis.
Notably,
moss
Physcomitrium
patens
stands
out
as
only
plant
capable
efficiently
utilizing
homologous
recombination
engineering.
This
capability
has
heralded
new
era
synthetic
genomics.
By
focusing
on
bryophytes,
emphasize
potential
benefits
unraveling
genetic
traits,
could
significant
implications
across
various
scientific
fields,
fundamental
biology
biotechnological
applications.
Abstract
Understanding
how
plants
survive
extreme
conditions
is
essential
to
breeding
resilient
crops.
Cistanthe
longiscapa,
which
flourishes
in
the
Atacama
Desert,
provides
a
rare
glimpse
into
plant
resilience.
To
uncover
genetic
basis
of
its
stress
tolerance,
we
investigated
ecophysiological
and
transcriptomic
responses
C.
longiscapa
from
3
sites
with
low
but
different
precipitation
levels.
Ecophysiological
analyses
were
performed
on
samples
collected
field
at
dusk
dawn,
are
crucial
stages
crassulacean
acid
metabolism
(CAM),
water-efficient
type
photosynthesis.
Additional
analysis
allowed
us
evaluate
CAM
intensity
identify
changes
molecular
signature
these
plants.
Our
results
show
that
displays
considerable
trait
response
variation
across
sites,
including
variations
markers
such
as
nocturnal
accumulation,
isotopic
carbon
ratio,
succulence,
among
others.
Analysis
gene
expression
patterns
revealed
differences
exhibiting
varying
intensities
photosynthesis
identified
key
signatures
associated
their
ecological
strategies.
Additionally,
genes
related
responses,
plastid
activities,
circadian
rhythm
contrasting
levels
between
strong
weak
plants,
this
profile
shared
other
under
stress.
findings
demonstrate
valuable
resource
for
identifying
involved
transition
intensities.
This
may
lead
discovery
enhance
tolerance
stressful
environments.
Journal of Ecology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025
Abstract
Below‐ground
microbial
communities
are
vital
to
ecosystem
nutrient
cycling,
plant
health,
and
resource
acquisition,
yet
below‐ground
plant–soil
interactions
in
savannas
remain
understudied,
especially
their
responses
environmental
stressors
like
drought
limitation.
Here,
we
evaluate
if
native
soil
microbiomes
have
positive
or
negative
effects
on
tree
growth
these
dependent
the
level
of
availability.
We
grew
6
species
from
Kruger
National
Park,
South
Africa,
for
8
weeks
under
factorial
inoculant,
water
stress,
nitrogen‐limitation
treatments
(i.e.
sterile/inoculated
soils,
droughted/non‐droughted
supply,
low/high
rate
nitrogen
supply).
In
all
treatments,
inoculated
plants
significantly
more
than
sterile
plants.
Under
low
nitrogen,
trees
increased
investment
nitrogen‐fixing
nodules
mycorrhizal
associations,
leading
mass
gain.
Soil
inoculant
was
most
beneficial
non‐droughted
conditions,
indicating
that
symbiont
decreased
drought.
Synthesis
.
symbionts
savanna
limited
environments
could
be
critical
field.
However,
substantially
affected
both
microbes
growth,
extreme
droughts
create
lasting
consequences
above‐ground
communities.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
244(6), С. 2295 - 2310
Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2024
Summary
The
evolution
of
adjustable
stomatal
pores,
enabling
CO
2
acquisition,
was
one
the
most
significant
events
in
development
life
on
land.
Here,
we
investigate
how
guard
cell
signalling
pathways
that
regulate
movements
evolved.
We
compare
fern
and
angiosperm
transcriptomes
physiological
responses,
examine
functionality
ion
channels
from
diverse
plant
species.
find
that,
despite
conserved
expression
cells,
anion
SLAC/SLAH
family
are
not
activated
by
same
abscisic
acid
(ABA)
provoke
closure
angiosperms.
Accordingly,
an
insensitivity
stomata
to
ABA.
Moreover,
our
analysis
points
a
complex
evolutionary
history,
featuring
multiple
gains
and/or
losses
SLAC
activation
mechanisms,
as
these
were
recruited
role
closure.
Our
results
show
cells
flowering
nonflowering
plants
share
similar
core
features,
with
lineage‐specific
ecological
niche‐related
adaptations,
likely
underlying
differences
behaviour.
