Root‐associated fungal communities are influenced more by soils than by plant‐host root traits in a Chinese tropical forest

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 238(5), С. 1849 - 1864

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2023

Forest fungal communities are shaped by the interactions between host tree root systems and associated soil conditions. We investigated how environment, morphological traits, chemistry influence root-inhabiting in three tropical forest sites of varying successional status Xishuangbanna, China. For 150 trees 66 species, we measured morphology tissue chemistry. Tree species identity was confirmed sequencing rbcL, root-associated (RAF) were determined using high-throughput ITS2 sequencing. Using distance-based redundancy analysis hierarchical variation partitioning, quantified relative importance two variables (site average total phosphorus available phosphorus), four traits (dry matter content, density, specific tip abundance, forks), elemental concentrations (nitrogen, calcium, manganese) on RAF community dissimilarity. The environment collectively explained 23% compositional variation. Soil 76% that Twenty taxa differentiated among sites. most strongly affects assemblages this forest. Variation calcium manganese hosts, principally an architectural trade-off dense, highly branched vs less-dense, herringbone-type systems, important secondary determinants.

Язык: Английский

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Complementary belowground strategies underlie species coexistence in an early successional forest

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 238(2), С. 612 - 623

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Summary Unravelling belowground strategies is critical for understanding species coexistence and successional dynamics; yet, our knowledge of nutrient acquisition forest at different stages remains limited. We measured morphological (diameter, specific root length, tissue density), architectural (branching ratio), physiological (ammonium, nitrate, glycine uptake rates) traits, mycorrhizal colonisation rates eight coexisting woody in an early plantation subtropical China. By incorporating efficiency, we revealed a bi‐dimensional economics space comprising ‘amount‐efficiency’ dimension represented by ‘self‐symbiosis’ dominated traits. The pioneer relied on root–fungal symbiosis, developing densely branched roots with high foraging mobile soil nitrate. late invested themselves allocated effort towards improving efficiency less‐mobile ammonium. Within the space, covariation axes phosphorus availability also distinguished strategy preference two groups. These results demonstrate importance into reveal trade‐off between expanding physical exploration forests.

Язык: Английский

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The worldwide allometric relationship in anatomical structures for plant roots

Plant Diversity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 45(6), С. 621 - 629

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023

The cortex (i.e., absorptive tissue) and stele (transportive vascular are fundamental to the function of plant roots. Unraveling how these anatomical structures assembled in roots is essential for our understanding ecology, physiology, responses global environmental changes. In this review, we first compile a large data set on traits roots, including thickness radius, across 698 observations 512 species. Using set, reveal common root allometry structures, i.e., increases much faster than radius with increasing diameter (hereafter, allometry). Root further validated within growth forms (woody, grass, liana species), mycorrhiza types (arbuscular mycorrhiza, ectomycorrhiza, orchid mycorrhizas), phylogenetic gradients (from ferns Orchidaceae), change scenarios (e.g., elevation atmospheric CO

Язык: Английский

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Precipitation, rather than temperature drives coordination of multidimensional root traits with ectomycorrhizal fungi in alpine coniferous forests

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 111(9), С. 1935 - 1949

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023

Abstract The interactions between roots and mycorrhizal fungi are critical for our understanding of the multidimensional root economics space. Our knowledge on their relationships comes mainly from arbuscular (AM) plants, less is known about how coordinated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities, especially in ECM‐dominated alpine forests that highly sensitive to climate change worldwide. Here, we investigated coordination ECM drivers by measuring multiple traits, composition environmental factors 47 coniferous populations across Tibetan Plateau. results reveal two independent fine‐root trait dimensions, foraging dimension uptake dimension, which represented diameter‐specific length, tissue density‐root N concentration. Importantly, hyphal exploration type based correlated significantly both dimension. Further, low temperature plateau, it precipitation‐induced changes soil moisture, nutrients pH drive proportion longer‐distance types increase higher specific decrease Synthesis. traits differs greatly well‐recognized pattern AM plants connect predominantly sensitive. These findings provide a new insight holistic vary collaboratively hence driving plant community assembly responses changing climate.

Язык: Английский

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Coordination among root exudation C, mycorrhizal colonization, and functional traits and their responses to drought in five temperate tree species

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 546, С. 121316 - 121316

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Host plants directly determine the α diversity of rhizosphere arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in the National Tropical Fruit Tree Field Genebank

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) typically exhibit reduced diversity in nutrient-rich soils. However, whether the influence of host plants on AMF within rhizosphere is direct or indirect through alteration soil nutrient levels has yet to be determined. This study explored and colonization National Tropical Fruit Tree Genebank, where chemical fertilizers are used preserve minor tropical fruit germplasms. We aimed understand effects community dynamics, sporulation, colonization. By analyzing fine roots from 12 trees, we assessed indices, nutrients, spore density, structure. Despite their low density arbuscular abundance, all tree harbored AMF, with densities ranging 24.00 204.80 spores/100 g dry soil. High-throughput sequencing identified 207 virtual taxa (VTs) 60 samples, dominant taxa, including early-evolved Paraglomus ruderal being minimally affected by levels. Interestingly, there was no correlation between α density. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that plant evolutionary divergence time (ET) directly influenced indices indirectly impacted via nutrients. neither ETs nor nutrients significantly structure, only abundance showing a negative ET. research underscores intricate relationship genebanks, offering insights for effective resource management informed conservation practices. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Trade‐offs in rooting strategy dimensions along an edaphic gradient in a grassland ecosystem

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(4), С. 792 - 807

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Abstract Roots are essential to the diversity and functioning of plant communities, but trade‐offs in rooting strategies still poorly understood. We evaluated existing frameworks strategy tested their underlying assumptions, guided by hypothesis that community‐level best described a combination variation organ‐level traits, plant‐level root:shoot allocation symbiosis‐level mycorrhizal dependency. this using data on community structure, above‐ below‐ground biomass, eight root traits including colonisation soil properties from an edaphic gradient driven elevation water availability sandhills prairie, Nebraska, USA. found multidimensional represented two‐way productivity‐durability trade‐off axis (captured length density dry matter content) three‐way resource acquisition between specific length, mass ratio dependence. Variation was similar extents interspecific differences intraspecific responses properties. Organ‐level alone were insufficient capture across gradient. Instead, trait encompassing organ, symbiosis levels revealed consideration whole‐plant phenotypic integration is defining shaping functional systems. Read free Plain Language Summary for article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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Temperature drives the coordination between above‐ground nutrient conservation and below‐ground nutrient acquisition in alpine coniferous forests

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 37(6), С. 1674 - 1687

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Abstract Above‐ground nutrient conservation via resorption processes and below‐ground acquisition from soils are two important mechanisms for plants to maintain nutrition ecosystem functions. However, the mechanism by which coordinate these strategies, especially ectomycorrhizal (ECM)‐dominated conifers in alpine forests, remains unclear. We investigated relationships between above‐ground their environmental drivers measuring leaf (i.e. nitrogen [N] phosphorous [P]) efficiency, resource foraging‐ uptake‐related root morphological (root diameter [RD], specific length [SRL]/area [SRA]) physiological tissue density [RTD], N P concentration) traits, mycorrhizal colonization rate (MCR), rhizosphere effect on soil cycling, factors of 40 ECM coniferous populations eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. Our results showed that with increasing (N P) shifted depending ‘outsourcing’ strategy fungi (high MCR) relying ‘do‐it‐yourself’ mining N‐ P‐mining‐related enzyme activities) rather than foraging SRL SRA) preferred more conservative roots RTD low concentrations). Temperature was main factor driving a negative relationship foraging, uptake positive resorption, while precipitation resulted decoupled resorption. findings demonstrate temperature‐driven diverse collaborations (e.g. trade‐off or synergy) strategies highlight preference could influence utilization strategy. This is insightful holistic understanding adaptation responses forests climatic change. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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Relationships between root exudation and root morphological and architectural traits vary with growing season

Tree Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2023

Abstract Plants allocate a substantial amount of C belowground for root exudates and the construction adjustment morphological architectural traits. What relationships exist between other traits these change with growing season, however, remain unclear. We quantified exudation rate traits, including total length (RL), surface area (RS), diameter (RD), specific (SRL), (SRA) tissue density (RTD), such as branching intensity (BI), investigated their associations during rapidly season (April August) slowly (December) three common native tree species, Liquidambar formosana, Michelia maudiae Schima superba, in subtropical China. found that linkages RD, SRL, SRA, RTD BI did not reflecting highly conservative relationships. The varied significantly (P < 0.05) produced various at different seasons. During (i.e., April), was highest positively correlated RL. lowest December) negatively associated RL, RS RTD. Our findings demonstrate seasonality which highlights plastic complex These help to deepen our understanding plant nutrient acquisition strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Root phosphatase activity is a competitive trait affiliated with the conservation gradient in root economic space

Forest Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10, С. 100111 - 100111

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

The diversity of resource acquisition strategies plant roots determines the species coexistence patterns to a certain extent. However, few root physiological traits have been investigated, such as phosphatase activity (PA) that affects phosphorus (P) uptake. Root PA and classical functional were investigated for 21 coexisting in deciduous broad-leaved forest warm temperate-subtropical transition zone, China. We analyzed order variation absorptive fine PA, clarified attribution economic space (RES) different P co-occurring based on multidimensional RES theory, determined dominant factors affecting interspecific PA. There was no distinct pattern with first three orders roots, constrained by phylogeny. is competitive trait affiliated conservation gradient RES. tight linkages among mycorrhizal colonization, diameter, specific length, nitrogen concentration suggested trade-offs species, i.e. long acquire inorganic actively exploring soil secreting mineralize hydrolyze organic P, while short thick obtain mainly investing C partners. Collectively, our study provides an insight into climatic zones, mechanisms diverse strategies.

Язык: Английский

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